Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) is an incretin stimulated by food mainly produced and secreted from L-cells in terminal ileum, colon and rectum. It can be combined with GLP-1 receptors, and then plays a series of biological effects. In recent years, studies have shown that GLP-1 participates in the occurrence and development of many diseases.

Objective To investigate the cognition and treatment rate of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)in perimenopause women.Methods A survey was conducted in 262 perimenopause women first coming to outpatients care.A predesigned structured questionnaire was used to collect information:the symptoms of perimenopa-use women,the cognition and acceptance to the treatment.Results Finally,248 women with the mean age of (50.30 ±2.10)years finished the questionnaire,the natural menopause age was (48.90 ±1.90)years.48.79% of these women understood the role of HRT in clinical application,and only 12.50% knew the side effect of HRT. Among them,35.48% thought that HRT was necessary for the duration of perimenopause.40.73% of them had the attitude to treatment with HRT.After the education of perimenopausal acknowledgement,117 patients (47.18%) accepted the treatment with HRT.Conclusion It showed that the awareness and treatment rate of HRT in perimeno-pause women was low.The health education should be strengthened to improve the level of perimenopause health care.

A new method was developed for the determination of 11 fat_soluble vitamins ( A, D, E and K) and its derivatives in vitamin tablets by ultra performance convergence chromatography ( UPC2 ) . The mobile phase was the mixture of supercritical CO2 and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The separation was carried out on the Waters Acquity UPC2 HSS C18 SB 100 mm × 3. 0 mm i. d. , 1. 8 μm column. The UV detector was set at a wavelength of 284 nm. The limits of detection ( LOD) were 1. 5-2. 0 mg/L, and the calibration linear for VK1 , VK2 , VK3 and VB3 was 3-300 mg/L, linear for VA, VA palmitate, VA formic acid, VE, VE acetate, VD2 and VD3 was 5-300 mg/L, respectively. Its spiked recoveries were 97. 31%-98. 76%, and the relative standard deviations ( RSDs) were 0. 41%-0. 96%. The method is applicable for the determination of fat_soluble vitamins ( A, D, E and K) and Their derivatives in vitamin tablets.

To study the regulation of androgen receptor (AR) expression in human prostate cancer LNCaP cells by triptolide (TP) and the possible mechanism, by using qRT-PCR and Western blot, the AR mRNA and protein levels in TP treated LNCaP cells were detected, and the AR protein level in TP and NF-κB inhibitor treated LNCaP cells was also detected; a series of pGL3-AR promoter reporter gene vectors were built using restriction-free cloning method, and the vectors were employed to investigate the effects of TP on the transcriptional activity of AR promoter in LNCaP cells; the upstream proteins which may play regulatory roles were detected using western blot assay. After treated LNCaP cells with TP for 48 h, AR mRNA and protein expressions decreased with increasing TP concentration. The expression of AR target gene PART1 and prostate specific antigen (PSA) was also downregulated by TP treatment; a series of pGL3-AR promoter reporter vectors were constructed and validated by sequencing and luciferase activity; the results of dual luciferase reporter assay showed that TP downregulated AR at the transcriptional level; PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway which is associated with AR promoter activity was drowregulated by TP. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the transcriptional activity of AR in LNCAP cells was downregulated by TP, and PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway may be involved in the regulation mechanism.

Objective To analyse a novel splice mutation in EXT1 gene of hereditary multiple osteochondroma, and study its pathogenic mechanism.Methods In April of 2013, the proband was hospitalized from the outpatient department with multiple joint deformity for more than 20 years, peripheral blood of the proband and his parents were collected and genomic DNA was extracted .Coding regions and adjacent intron sequences of EXT1/EXT2 genes in genomic DNA of the family members were amplified and sequenced.Bioinformatics was used to analyze the mutation from sequencing .cDNA from peripheral blood of the proband ,the mother and normal control was made respectively as a template for amplifying coding regions of EXT1 gene, and the product was T-A cloned and sequenced.The abnormal transcripts of each group were counted and analyzed using chi square test to study the pathogenic mechanism of the mutation .Results Sequencing results of family members revealed that there was a heterozygous deletion mutation ( c.1284 +2del) in the 5′splice site of intron 4 in EXT1 gene of the proband and his mother .Bioinformatics predicted that exon 4 of EXT1 gene was skipping or spliced aberrantly due to the mutation .T-A clone and sequencing results as well as the statistical analysis suggested that there was a significantly higher proportion of transcripts with skipping exon 4 in the proband and his mother compared with the normal control (P=0.000, P<0.01).Conclusions c.1284+2del in EXT1 gene is reported for the first time internationally , which results in a considerable number of abnormal transcripts with skipping exon 4 in EXT1 gene, thereby influences the normal transcription and translation of EXT1 gene.

Objective To analyze the policy support of rural doctors for the essential medicine system,and explore the main influence factors and mechanism affecting the support degree.Methods 621 rural doctors from five cities in Shandong province were subject to a stratified random sampling for a quantitative questionnaire,to build a hypothesis model of policy support of rural doctors,which is verified using factor analysis and path analysis.Results 59.1% of rural doctors support the essential drugs policy.It was found that the essential medicine factor,the factor to influence the practitioner,and the supporting policy factor had a direct impact on policy support of rural doctors,with the effect of 0.305, 0.1 59 and 0.135 respectively;Essential medicine factor and the supporting policy factor indirectly influence the policy support of rural doctors through the factor to influence practitioners,with the effect of 0.065 and 0.032 respectively.Conclusion The essential medicine system needs to emphasize such rationality as the quality,list and pricing of essential medicines;it is imperative for the government to better oversee the purchase and supply of essential drugs,to cater to the interests of rural doctors,to encourage the enforcement of the system,and promote the development of village clinics.

Objective To explore the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in blood plasma and its relation with the behavior ofchildren with autism. Methods High performance liquid chromatography was used to measure the level of free PUFAs of blood plasma in30 autistic children and 20 healthy children. Conner's Parent Rating Scale (parents) and the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) RatingScale were used to evaluate the behavior of the children, and the relationship between the PUFAs level and abnormal behavior in the childrenwas also analyzed. Results The level of α-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFAs were lower in autisticchildren than in healthy children (P<0.05), especially lower in DHA (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in n-3 PUFAs betweentwo groups (P>0.05); There were negatively correlations between the level of DHA and total n-3 PUFAs in blood plasma and impulsion-hyperactivity,hyperactivity index, learning, anxiety, stereotypic behavior, self-injurious behavior, compulsions, ritualistic behavior and samenessbehavior. Conclusion The level of n-3 PUFAs in blood plasma of autistic children was lower than the healthy children and the level ofPUFAs were correlated with the behavior of autistic children.

ObjectiveTo evaluate digital chrome endoscopy (I-Scan) and confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) for diagnosis of Barrett esophagus (BE).MethodsFrom July 2010 to July 2011,a total of 878 outpatients who had upper gastrointestinal symptoms underwent routine endoscopy and I-Scan examination,screened patients with suspected Barrett's epithelial were further referred to CLE and endoscopy.The detection rate and image features of BE between routine endoscopy and I-Scan,and the diagnosis of BE between pathology and CLE,were compared respectively.ResultsSuspected BE was diagnosed in 46 patients (5.2％) by routine endoscopy,and in52 (5.9％) by I-Scan,and there was no significant difference in detection rate between 2 methods (x2 =0.533,P ＞ 0.05 ).The detection rate of paliform blood vessels between SCJ and GEJ was higher using I-Scan (35/52,67.3％ ) than routine endoscope (21/46,45.7％,P ＜0.05).A total of 19 suspected BE underwent CLE and biopsy,and BE was diagnosed by CLE with a sensitivity of 93％ and a specificity of 100％.ConclusionI-Scan is capable of identifying paliform blood vessels between SCJ and GEJ,and can improve the detection rate of suspected BE.CLE is able to provide in-vivo histological diagnosis of BE with a high sensitivity and specificity.

A method was developed for the determination of bifenthrin in tea by ultra performance convergence chromatography ( UPC2 ) . The samples were extracted with petroleum ether and cleaned up with Waters Sep-Pak:Carbon NH2 , and then detected by UPC2 . The mobile phase was the mixture of supercritical CO2 and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1. 5 mL/min. The separation was conducted on a column of ACQUITY UPC2 TM BEH (100 mmí3. 0 mm,1. 7 μm). The UV detector was set at a wavelength of 220 nm. The detection limit was 20 μg/L. The linear range of bifenthrin was 0. 32-10. 30 mg/L. The recoveries ranged from 88. 7% to 98. 2%. The relative standard deviations (RSD) were from 1. 4% to 2. 8%. The result showed that the UPC2 was more efficient, rapid and low-cost than GC-MS. The method can meet the testing requirements of bifenthrin in tea. The efficacy of UPC2 on testing the concentration of bifenthrin in tea was compared with GC-MS based on National Proficiency Testing and the results were satisfactory.

Objective To evaluate left atrial appendage regional function and movement changes of systolic and diastolic in patients with atrial fibrillation by speckle tracking imaging(STI) and real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography(RT-3D TEE).Methods Sixty-seven patients underwent RT-3D TEE was divided into 24 controls,22 paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,21 persistent atrial fibrillation.Left atrial appendage was divided into basal,middle and apical segment.Left atrial appendage emptying fraction of the overall (LAA-EF),basal emptying fraction (B-EF),middle emptying fraction (M-EF) and apical emptying fraction (A-EF) was measured by three-dimensional volume measurement.Each segment systolic strain rate (SRS) and diastolic strain rate (SRD) was measured by STI.Results LAA-EF,B-EF,M-EF,A-EF of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and persistent atrial fibrillation group were lower than those of the control group,and persistent atrial fibrillation group was the lowest in the three groups.Compared with the control group,SRS and SRD of left atrial appendage basal,middle,apical segment was lower in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation group and persistent atrial fibrillation group,and persistent atrial fibrillation group decreased more significantly.Conclusions Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and persistent atrial fibrillation can lead to left atrial appendage global or local systolic and diastolic function to reduce,and persistent atrial fibrillation decreased more significantly.