OBJECTIVETo compare the biological characteristics of colorectal cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) with normal fibroblasts (NFs).

METHODSCAFs and NFs were isolated from fresh specimens of colorectal cancer and their paired normal colon tissue and cultured by tissue explant method. Light microscopy, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blot, immunofluorescence microscopy, electron microscopy and flow cytometry were used to identify isolated fibroblasts and to explore their characteristics of activation and growth.

RESULTSPrimary colorectal CAFs and NFs were isolated and cultured successfully. NFs showed spindled morphology and were arranged in interlacing or spiral bundles. CAFs were polygonal or spindle, but were fatter than NFs. They were distributed randomly and arranged irregularly, and had obvious actin expression. CAFs and NFs both expressed fibronectin, but not E-cadherin, CD31 and caldesmon. qPCR showed that CAFs expressed more fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and less fibroblast specific protein 1 (FSP1) than that of NFs. There was no difference in the expression of α-SMA between NFs and CAFs by Western blot. α-SMA was bundled in parallel to the long axis of the cell by immunofluorescence. By electron microscopy, CAFs but not NFs showed dense myofilament that was arranged regularly. Flow cytometry showed that the percentage of S- and G2-phase in CAFs were significantly lower than that in NFs. mRNA expression of transforming growth factor β1, stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-D in CAFs were lower while that for PDGFC was higher than that in NFs. That indicated the proliferation of CAFs was inhibited and the secretion of some cytokines was different when compared with NFs.

CONCLUSIONSCAFs show differences with NFs in morphology, characteristics of activation and secretion of some cytokines. The proliferation of CAFs is down regulated as compared with NFs.

Blotting, Western ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Primary Cell Culture ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Objective To improve the quality of the management of the elderly patients with cancer in Sichuan province,and to understand the attitudes and perspectives of elderly surgeons and oncologists for the management and treatment of elderly patients with cancer.Methods A face-toface questionnaire interview was conducted with oncologists (n 64) and geriatricians (n =64).128 physicians were involved in this study.Results The cancer management and therapeutics were deemed appropriate at present by 9.38％ (6/64)of the geriatricians and 25.00％ (16/64)of the oncologists.The 39.06％ (25/64) of geriatricians used to notice geriatric syndromes,while 81.25％ (52/64)of oncologists never concerned about the geriatric syndrome(P=0.011).As for the causes of the therapy-associated toxicity,oncologist versus geriatrician payed an attention to malnutrition (100.00％ vs.100.00％ in both groups),to mobility disorders(65.63％ vs.65.63％,84/128 in both groups),to cognitive impairment/mood disorder (89.06％ in geriatrician group vs.75.00％ in oncologist group,P=0.038).For the factors affecting treatment decisions,a physical ability attention (oncologists vs geriatricians:70.31％ vs.92.19％;P =0.002),and comorbidity (oncologists vs geriatricians:62.50％ vs.79.69％,P =0.032) had statistically significant difference.In addition,lack of geriatrics knowledge was also reported by more oncologists.However,one hundred percent of participants wanted very much to cooperate with each other in their clinical work.When responding to the clinical scenario,the 10.94％ (7/64)of geriatricians and 32.81％ (21/64)of oncologists chose modified treatment for 65-74 years old patient with cancer(P =0.003).When the age of the patients was 75-84 years old,only 12.50 ％ (8/64) of geriatricians prefer end-of-life care,while 31.25 ％ (20/64) of oncologists chose it (P =0.010).Conclusions Selection of treatment decisions in the elderly patients with cancer affect by ageing.Both oncologists and geriatricians are concerned with the elderly patients with cancer,ageing syndrome,total sickness and functional status.And these doctors support an establishment of a multi disciplinary team cooperation for the elderly patients with cancer.Therefore,the establishment of mutual cooperation between the two professionals is necessary and feasible.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of peiminine on increasing the chemosensitivity of 5 kinds of cancer cells. METH-ODS:Using human esophageal cancer Eca-109 cell,human breast cancer MCF-7 cell,human small cell lung cancer A549 cell,hu-man hepatoma HepG2 cell and human cervical cancer HeLa cell as objects,MTT colorimetric method was used to detect the growth inhibition rate of above-mentioned 5 kinds of cancer cells after treated by peiminine with maximal non-toxic mass concentra-tion(20 μg/mL)and adriamycin with different gradient mass concentrations(0.026-2.1,0.026-2.1,0.125-2.0,0.125-2.0,0.0625-0.10μg/mL)for 72 h. The half inhibitory concentration(IC50)was calculated. Crystal violet staining method was adopted to observe the proliferation of above-mentioned cancer cells after treated by peiminine with maximal non-toxic mass concentration and adriamycin with low mass concentrations(0.02,0.005,0.04,0.02,0.01 μg/mL)for 7 d. Solvent control,single use of peiminine and adriam-ycin control were conducted. RESULTS:Compared with single use of adriamycin,the combination use of peiminine and adriamy-cin can improve the growth inhibition rate of 5 kinds of cancer cells to certain degree,most of the differences were statistically sig-nificant (P<0.05 or P<0.01);and IC50 was obviously decreased,with statistical significances (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with solvent control,single use of peiminine or adriamycin had no obvious effects on the proliferation of above-mentioned cancer cells in 7 d,and the combination use of peiminine and adriamycin can obviously inhibit the proliferation of above-mentioned cancer cells in 7 d. CONCLUSIONS:Peiminine can enhance the sensitivity of above-mentioned-mentioned 5 kinds of cancer cells to cer-tain degree,showing certain chemosensitivity increasing effect.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of hypertension patients combined with coronary artery disease(CAD)and analyze the correlation. Methods A total of 258 hospitalized hypertension patients from August 2015 to December 2016 were divided into hypertension group(n = 124)and hypertension combined with CAD group(n = 134),according to the results of coronary angiography. The general data,platelet parame-ters,blood lipid level and renal function indexes of all objects were recorded. The differences of all indexes between 2 groups were compared,and the correlation between these indexes and CAD in hypertensive patients was analyzed. Results(1)More smokers and older patients were found in hypertension combined with CAD group;the values of mean platelet volume(MPV),platelet distribution width,creatinine,serum uric acid were higher, but HDL-C level was lower and all the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).(2)Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age,smoking history,MPV,serum uric acid and low level of HDL-C were independent hazardous factors of CAD in hypertensive patients[OR = 1.062,95% CI:1.032 ~ 1.093;OR =2.048,95% CI:1.078~3.893;OR=2.737,95% CI:1.193~6.278;OR=1.006,95% CI:1.001~1.010;OR=0.280,95% CI:0.115~0.681(all,P<0.05)].(3)Pearson correlation analysis showed that MPV was positively correlated with serum uric acid(r = 0.17,P < 0.05). Conclusions Age,smoking history,MPV,serum uric acid and lower HDL-C value are risk factors of CAD in hypertensive patients and active detection and prevention will benefit reducing the risk for the occurrence of CAD in hypertensive patients.

Objective To compare the biological characteristics of colorectal cancer associated fibroblasts ( CAFs) with normal fibroblasts ( NFs).Methods CAFs and NFs were isolated from fresh specimens of colorectal cancer and their paired normal colon tissue and cultured by tissue explant method . Light microscopy, quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( qPCR), Western blot, immunofluorescence microscopy , electron microscopy and flow cytometry were used to identify isolated fibroblasts and to explore their characteristics of activation and growth .Results Primary colorectal CAFs and NFs were isolated and cultured successfully .NFs showed spindled morphology and were arranged in interlacing or spiral bundles . CAFs were polygonal or spindle , but were fatter than NFs .They were distributed randomly and arranged irregularly , and had obvious actin expression . CAFs and NFs both expressed fibronectin , but not E-cadherin, CD31 and caldesmon.qPCR showed that CAFs expressed more fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and less fibroblast specific protein 1 ( FSP1) than that of NFs.There was no difference in the expression of α-SMA between NFs and CAFs by Western blot .α-SMA was bundled in parallel to the long axis of the cell by immunofluorescence . By electron microscopy , CAFs but not NFs showed dense myofilament that was arranged regularly .Flow cytometry showed that the percentage of S-and G2-phase in CAFs were significantly lower than that in NFs .mRNA expression of transforming growth factor β1, stromal derived factor 1(SDF-1) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-D in CAFs were lower while that for PDGFC was higher than that in NFs .That indicated the proliferation of CAFs was inhibited and the secretion of some cytokines was different when compared with NFs .Conclusions CAFs show differences with NFs in morphology , characteristics of activation and secretion of some cytokines .The proliferation of CAFs is down regulated as compared with NFs .

Objective: To investigate the refractive status of children and adolescents aged 4-18 years in Chengdu, and to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of refractive parameters. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted among 82 024 children and adolescents aged 4-18 years in Gaoxin District of Chengdu from August to September 2021. The prevalence of screening myopia, low vision rate, high myopia rate, refractive status and axial development were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of screening myopia in students aged 4-18 years was 40.42%(33 158/82 024). Low myopia was 24.51%(20 108/82 024), moderate myopia was 13.05%(10 703/82 024) and high myopia was 2.86%(2 347/82 024). The prevalence of screening myopia was 1.81% (233/12 848) in kindergarten, 34.44%(17 095/49 644) in primary school, 79.73%(9 738/12 214) in junior high school and 83.25% (6 092/7 318) in senior high school. The rate of visual impairment increased by year from the age of 4, and the rate of myopia increased most rapidly from 6 to 15 years old, the prevalenct of high myopia was compared between adjacent age groups: there were statistical differences between 9-15 years old were more likely to be nearsighted than boys( P <0.035 7). Significant differences in screening myopia between 5- and 7-17 year old groups,and in boys and girls.The median total diopter was 0.40 D at the age of 4 and developed to -2.90 D at the age of 18 . The diopter of girls aged 8-15 years was higher than that of boys, and there was statistical significance( Z=-2.53, -4.09, -5.67, -8.64, -5.56, -4.97, -2.52, -2.14, P <0.05). The axial length gradually increased with age, with the mean value of (22.31±0.59) mm at 4 years old and (24.91±1.00) mm at 18 years old. The mean corneal curvature did not change with age (43.19±1.47)D. Conclusion 6-15 years old is a especially critical period for myopia development. More efforts need to be taken to decrease the prevalence of myopia before 6 years old. Prevention of the development of high myopia should start before the age of 10. The prevalence of myopia in girls is higher than that in boys, more prevention and control of myopia should focus on girls.

Objective To evaluate the antioxidant function of Chrysanthemum morifolium from different origins and to identify their antioxidant material basis.Methods The HPLC fingerprints of the water extracts of C.morifolium from different origins were established.The antioxidant activities of C.morifolium were assayed by measuring the 2.2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),hydroxyl radical,ABTS,superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity and ferric ion reducing capacity FRAP.Entropy-weighted TOPSIS was used to calculate the weighting coefficients of the single indexes.Grey relational analysis(GRA)and partial least squares were used for spectrum-effect analysis to identify the antioxidant material basis of C.morifolium.Results A total of 16 common peaks were discovered in the fingerprint of the water extracts of 10 batches of C.morifolium,among which 13 common components were identified.All the C.morifolium samples had good antioxidant capacity,and the results of entropy-weighted TOPSIS analysis showed that the ranking of total antioxidant potency of 10 batches of C.morifolium was follows:S1＞S8＞S3＞S5＞S4＞S10＞S7＞S2＞S9＞S6.The peaks of 1-5,9,10,12,14 were positively correlated with the antioxidant activity and the variable influence on projection(VIP)values were greater than 1.The correlation coefficients of these nine peaks in GRA were all greater than 0.7.Conclusion The entropy-weighted TOPSIS method combined with the spectrum-effect analysis could be used to screen out the antioxidant material basis of C.morifolium and the results provide a basis for establishing quality assessment system for C.morifolium based on Quality-markers thus improving the quality control level.

The COVID-19 epidemic that occurred at the end of 2019 spreads rapidly to all parts of the world, putting the global public health system to a severe test. With the continuation of the epidemic, SARS-CoV-2 variants are constantly emerging. In particular, the mutation of the spike protein can cause changes in the infectivity and antigenicity of the virus, resulting in an increase in the infectivity and a decline in the protective efficacy of existing vaccines, and even the replacement of epidemic strains. This is also one of the reasons why the epidemic has not been effectively controlled so far. Nowadays, the main circulating variants have changed their characteristics to a certain extent, and the neutralization sensitivity of some variants to neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, immune sera and convalescent sera has decreased to a certain extent compared with the original strains. The emergence of variants is not only related to the characteristics of the virus itself, but also to the changes of transmission host and the chronic infection in people with deficient immunity. The emerging variants should be closely monitored, and their functional characteristics should be systematically studied so as to provide data for vaccine research and development and the designation of immunization strategies.

Objective To study CD10 expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts ( CAF ) and related effect on colorectal cancer initiation and progression .Methods A total of 226 surgical removed colorectal cancer specimens were collected with patient follow-up data.A panel of immunohistochemical markers(CD10, Ki-67, p53, cyclin D1 and β-catenin) were evaluated in carcinomas, adjacent adenomas and paired normal colorectal mucosa with correlation of clinicopathological parameters .Results CD10 expression was not detected in the normal colorectal mucosa by immunohistochemistry .The percentages of CD10 expression in CAF were 80.1%(181/226) in carcinoma tissue and 58.4%(132/226) in adjacent adenomas, respectively.SMA was positive and desmin was negative .The proliferation index of Ki-67 was 84.1%(190/226) in tumor tissue, 63.7%(144/226) in adenoma zone, and 7.1% (16/226) in the normal mucosa.The rate of p53 mutation was 50.4% (114/226) in tumor tissue, 53.1%(120/226) in adenoma and 8.8%( 20/226 ) in the normal mucosa. The expression rate of cyclin D1 was 83.6%(189/226) in tumor tissue, 48.7%(110/226)in adenoma zone, but negative in the normal mucosa.For normal tissue , the percentages of β-catenin expression was 53.1%( 120/226 ) , 95.6%( 216/226 ) and 10.6%(24/226) in the cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus, respectively.The β-catenin expression in cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus was 17.7% ( 40/226 ), 100.0% ( 226/226 ) and 49.1%(111/226), respectively, in the tumor cells.The expression of Ki-67, p53, cyclin D1 andβ-catenin in the tumor cells was positively associated with CD 10 in CAF (P<0.05).The CD10 expression was different in patients with different gender , age and differentiation degree ( P<0.05 ) , whereas the depth of invasion , lymph node metastasis and tumor emboli did not relate to it .Overall survival rates in CD10 negative group were higher than that in CD10 positive group.Conclusions CD10 is only expressed in CAF.Significant correlation is found between CAF with high CD 10 expression and neighboring tumor cells with p 53, Ki-67 and cyclin D1 expression and nuclear β-catenin expression.CD10-positive CAF and p53, β-catenin, cyclin D1 and Ki-67-labelled colorectal cancer cells together with nuclear β-catenin expression may provide helps for diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma from an angle of tumor interstitial microenvironment .CAF with CD10 expression may promote the initiation and progression of colon cancer cells by activating Wnt signaling pathway.

Objective The study aims to find a suitable obesity index for predicting hyperuricemia (HUA)in Chinese adults. Methods The obesity indexes of 8133 subjects in China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2009 were calculated, and the basic situation of them was analyzed descriptively. χ² test and t test were used to test the differences of categorical variables and continuous variables between the HUA group and the non-HUA group. The area under the curve (AUC) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the predictive value of these indices for HUA. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between obesity and HUA. Results Demographic covariates, prevalence and Body Mass Index (BMI) all have impacts on the prevalence of HUA. Obesity indexes have a good predictive effect on HUA, and the Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) is the best (AUC=0.77 (95% CI [0.75, 0.78]). Obesity indexes all have a significant correlation with HUA. When covariates were not adjusted, LAP had the highest OR value (OR=5.87, 95% CI [5.08, 6.77]). Conclusion LAP index is significantly related to HUA, and it can be used as an emerging index to assess the prevalence of HUA in Chinese adults.