Objective To evaluate the effects of sevoflurane preconditioning on lung injury induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Forty adult male Wistar rats,aged 3 months,weighing 200-250 g,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =8 each):sham operation group (group S); renal I/R group (group I/R); 1.1％ sevoflurane preconditioning group (group SP1); 2.2％ sevoflurane preconditioning group (group SP2); and 3.3％ sevoflurane preconditioning group (group SP3).Renal I/R was induced by clamping bilateral renal pedicles for 45 min followed by 6 h reperfusion.In SP1-SP3 groups,1.1％,2.2％ and 3.3％ sevoflurane were inhaled for 1 h,respectively,before ischemia,followed by 10 min washout.The rats were sacrificed by exsanguination at 6 h of reperfusion,and lungs were removed for determination of wet/dry lung weight (W/D) ratio,myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and expression of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) mRNA,and for microscope examination of pathologic changes which were scored.Results Compared with group S,the pathological score,W/D ratio,MPO activity and expression of ACE mRNA were significantly increased in I/R and SP1-SP3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group I/R,the pathological score,W/D ratio,MPO activity and expression of ACE mRNA were significantly decreased in SP1-SP3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with SP1 and SP3 groups,the pathological score,W/D ratio,MPO activity and expression of ACE mRNA were significantly decreased in group SP2 (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group SP1,the W/D ratio was significantly decreased (P ＜0.05),and no significant changes were found in the other parameters in group SP3 (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane preconditioning can attenuate lung injury induced by renal I/R and inhibition of ACE synthesis is involved in the mechanism.

Purpose To investigate TRAP1 expression in esophageal cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis.Methods Expression levels of TRAP1 in 60 pairs of cancer and adjacent normal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the relevance between TRAP1 and clinicopathological features was evaluated.Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional regression analyses were performed to determine the association of TRAP 1 expression and survival of the patients.Results The positive expression rate of TRAP1 was 55.0％,and the amount of relative protein transcript level was 2.7 ± 1.1 in the cancer tissue.The positive expression rate of TRAP1 was 11.7％,and the relative expression protein was 0.5 ± 0.4 in the adjacent normal tissue.The expression level of TRAP1 in cancerous tissue was significantly higher than that of tissue adjacent to carcinoma.There was no statistically significant difference between the expression levels of TRAP1 with sex,age,location,and degree of differentiation (P ＞ 0.05).There was statistically significant relationship between recurrence,metastasis and TNM stages with the expression of TRAP1 levels (P ＜ 0.05).The average survival time of TRAP1-negative patients was 69.0 months (95％ CI:60.2-77.9) while the TRAP1-positive patients was 34.2 months (95％ CI:24.4-44.1).High levels of TRAP1 were correlated with decreased survival of postoperative esophageal cancer patients (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion TRAP1 is overexpressed in esophageal cancer and associated with the progression and prognosis of esophageal cancer.

Objective To identify the related factors of PICC malposition.Methods The domestic published literature about the related factors of PICC malposition were collected from 2001 to 2014.Analysis of heterogeneity was performed and cumulative effects were calculated using either fixed or random effects models by RevMan 5.0.Results The incidence of PICC malposition in patients with median cubital vein or cephalic vein was obviously higher than that in patients with basilic vein,the incidence of PICC malposition in patients with cephalic vein was significantly higher than that in patients with median cubital vein; the incidence of PICC malposition in patients with recumbent position was significantly higher than that in patients with seat position; the incidence of PICC malposition in the older than sixty years patients was significantly higher than that in younger than sixty years patients; the incidence of PICC malposition in male and female patients was not discrepant.Conclusions The vein,position and age of patient are the related factors of PICC malposition,while sex factor has nothing to do with the occurrence of PICC malposition.

ObjectivesTo study the effect of community interventions and management on asthma in children and its impact on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP)of parents and the home environment.MethodsAn asthma health management profile of 0 to 14-year-old asthmatic children (n =93 ) in Sanlitun and Liulitun communities in Chaoyang District in Beijing was established.The children were randomly divided into a management group ( n =49) and control group ( n =44 ) based on community.Community-integrated management,such as regular follow-up,condition monitoring and health education,was implemented in the asthmatic children in the management group but not in the control group.The parents' KAP and the household environment in the two groups were compared after 1 year based on the changes shown in the health management profile.ResultsThe asthma relapse rate decreased to 27.9％ (12/43) in the management group.Compared with the control group,the rates of hospitalization (x2 =8.174,P =0.004) and school absences ( x2 =4.962,P =0.026) significantly decreased.The KAP level of parents increased to 67.4％ ( 29/43 ) in the management group and 20.4％ (9/44) in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =19.517,P ＜0.01 ).Knowledge improved the most and showed a significant difference from the control group ( x2 =19.517,P ＜0.01 ).Home environment in the management group improved to 76.7％ (33/43).The number of indoor pets ( x2 =3.906,P =0.048) and indoor cockroaches ( x2 =4.962,P =0.026 ) reduced and showed significant differences between the two groups.In addition,children's allergy-related symptoms decreased to 30.2％ ( 13/43 ) in the management group compared with 9.1％ (4/44) in the control group,which was a significant difference ( x2 =6.183,P =0.013).ConclusionsParents' knowledge of asthma,compliance behaviors,and home environmentwere effectively improved through community-integrated management.This management technique can reduce the allergy-related symptoms of asthmatic children,improve asthma severity,and reduce the influence of asthma on children's daily lives.

An HPLC method has been developed to determine polydatin in giant knotweed rhizome. In order to systematically validate the method, specificity, precision, linearity of reference solution and test solution, repeatability, reproducibility, accuracy, stability and robustness were measured. In the robustness test, a one-variable-at-a-time procedure was applied to evaluate the influence of slight variations in method factors, including the flow rate, the column temperature, the extraction time, and etc., on the assay result of polydatin. No significant differences were found when the process parameters changed during the experimental domain. And system suitability test limits were defined based on the robustness test. Results showed that the developed method was accurate, reproducible and robust.

Heat-shock protein (Hsp) 70 potentiates specific immune responses to some antigenic peptides fused to it. Here, the prokaryotic plasmids harboring the envelope glycoprotein E0 gene of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and/or the Hsp70 gene of Haemophilus parasuis were constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli Rosseta 2(R2). The fusion proteins were then purified. Groups of Balb/c mice were immunized with these fusion proteins, respectively, and sera collected 7 days after the third immunization. Immune effects were determined via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometric analyses. E0-Hsp70 fusion protein and E0+Hsp70 mixture significantly improved the titer of E-specific antibody, levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and release of interferon-γ. These findings suggested that Hsp70 can significantly enhance the immune effects of the envelope glycoprotein E0 of CSFV, thereby laying the foundation of further application in pigs.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology ; Cell Proliferation ; Classical swine fever virus ; genetics ; Female ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Haemophilus parasuis ; genetics ; Immunization ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics

Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of stigma among patients with lung cancer, in order to provide evidence for staff nurses to take pertinent interventions for assisting patients to deal with stigma. Methods Totally 234 hospitalized patients with lung cancer were cross-sectional survey with General Demographic Questionnaire, Disease Information Questionnaire, Chinese version of Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (CLCSS-CV). Results The total score of stigma was (72.35±10.85) points. The total scale score and each subscale score was divided by the item number. The mean score of CLCSS-CV was (2.68±0.40) points, the rate of the patients with lung cancer with moderate above stigma was 51.20% (120/234). The patients rated higher scores on the subscales of smoking (2.90±0.58) points, while lower scores on the subscales of discrimination (2.47 ±0.55) points. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the number of children and the clinical stages were influencing factors of lung cancer stigma, where regression coefficients were -0.065, 0.136 respectively, coefficients of determination was 0.178. Conclusions Patients with lung cancer have a moderate or higher level of stigma. The medical staff should communicate with patients, evaluate the psychological status, impose public health education, mobilize the social support for assisting them to deal with stigma.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of moxibustion plus tuina in treating 0-grade diabetic foot.Method Seventy patients with 0-grade diabetic foot were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 35 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by conventional medication, while the treatment group was by moxibustion plus tuina in addition to the interventions given to the control group. The Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) was observed before intervention and after 2 treatment courses, and the clinical efficacies were compared between the two groups.Result The ABI scores were changed significantly after intervention in both groups (P<0.05). After intervention, there was a significant difference in comparing the ABI score between the two groups (P<0.05). The total effective rate and recovery rate were respectively 94.3% and 71.4% in the treatment group, versus 74.3% and 20.0% in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Moxibustion plus tuina is an effective approach in treating 0-grade diabetic foot.

To evaluate the effects of ginseng aqueous extract on learning and memory abilities and neurochemicals in diabetic encephalopathy rat brain. Diabetes mellitus model was established. Cognitive abilities were evaluated with Morris water maze test by the indexes of escape latency time ( ELT) , times of passing through the target area and the percent of swimming track in goal quadrant. We applied online MD-LC-MS/MS method to determine eight neurochemicals in rat hippocampus among different groups in MRM mode. Venusil C18 column was used for separation. Treatment with ginseng aqueous extract significantly improved the cognitive abilities of diabetic rats (p<0. 05). The method had excellent linearity (R2>0. 99). The accuracy and precision could meet the analysis requirement. Comparing with the model group, the concentrations of taurine and acetylcholine were significantly increased ( p<0 . 01 ) after treated with ginseng aqueous extract, but the glutamic acid, aspartic acid,γ-aminobutyric acid, serine, dopamine and serotonine decreased dramatically. Ginseng aqueous extract can efficiently regulate the levels of eight neurochemials in diabetic rat brain to normal.

Objective To investigate the shape and hemodynamic characteristics of the ruptured posterior communicating artery minimal aneurysms. Methods The clinical data of 42 patients with ruptured posterior communicating artery minimal aneurysm (the maximum diameter < 3 mm,11 ruptured aneurysms and 31 unruptured aneurysms)were collected retrospectively. Three-dimensional DSA shapes of the aneurysms were assessed,and the hemodynamic parameters of the aneurysms were calculated according to their computer simulation models. Results (1)The multiple aneurysms were more common in the unruptured group than those in the ruptured group (58. 1% [18/ 31]vs. 9. 1% [1/ 11]). There was significant difference,P = 0. 006 ). (2 )The complex flow pattern was more common in the ruptured group (63. 6%[7 / 11]vs. 6. 5% [2 / 31],P < 0. 01)and also the changed flow pattern (45. 5% [5 / 11]vs. 3. 2% [1 / 31),P = 0. 003). (3)The median aneurysm wall shear stress of the ruptured group was 0. 74 (0. 52,0. 86)and that of the unruptured group was 1. 03(0. 83,3. 64). There was significant difference between the 2 groups (P =0. 008). Conclusion The unruptured minimal aneurysms are common in patients with multiple aneurysms. Active surgical intervention is recommended for the posterior communicating artery minimal aneurysms with low wall shear stress,complex and change flow.