Objective To investigate any correlation between diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) results and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods Eight male pa-tients with chronic severe TBI were given the MoCA (including memory,attention,speech and executive function).DTI was used to quantify the fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter fiber tracts in the radial and longitudinal fasciculus,under longitudinal fasciculus,internal capsule,corpus callosum genu and body,and the cingulate cortex.Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to quantify the correlation between the FA values and MoCA scores.Results There was a positive correlation between FA in the corpus callosum body,corpus callosum genu and the superior longitudinal fasciculus and MoCA total scores.Conclusion The MoCA scores of patients with chronic severe TBI are related to white matter damage in the corpus callosum body,corpus callosum genu and the superior longitudinal fasciculus.

The change of pitutary hormones can occur in any time after traumatic brain injury, the main cause is primary or secondary impairment of hypothalamus as well as pituitary after brain injury. It is important to further research when to test hormone and to carry on the hormone replacement therapy.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of a course of regular rehabilitation treatment on patients with different traumatic brain injury(TBI) course, explore the costs of one rehabilitation course in patients with different TBI course, and study the timing and focus of rehabilitation on patiens with different stages.Methods250 TBI patients were distributed to five groups by different TBI courses: <3 months, 3～6 months, 6 months～1 year, 1～2 years and >2 years. The clinical data and initial function evaluation were done at the admission. All of them received at least one regular rehabilitation treatment, then another function evaluation was done. Effects and costs of one rehabilitation course in patients with different TBI course were investigated.ResultsThe longer the duration of illness, the higher the cost-effectiveness ratio. The cost-effectiveness ratio of the second treatment course was higher than the first one. The patients within 12 months should receive a comprehensive rehabilitation treatment, and should be prevented and treated hydrocephalus and other complications; for patients within 1～2 years, there would be no significant improvement in balance and lower limb function, should enhance the training of activity of daily living (ADL) and upper extremity function; for the patients more than two years just improved ADL using of residual function.ConclusionTBI patients should accept rehabilitation as soon as possible, and should be conducted corresponding trainings according to different disease course.

ObjectiveTo observe the changes of thyroid hormone and reproductive hormone in post-acute traumatic brain injury(TBI).Methods70 post-acute TBI patients were selected from Beijing Charity Hospital from September 2009 to March 2010. The levels of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH), triiodothyronine(T3), thyroxine(T4), free triiodothyronine(FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), follicie stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), and testosterone (T) were measured at 7 a.m. to 8 a.m. on the second day of admisson. According to the reference ranges, the total abnormal rate and the single hormone abnormal rate were calculated. According to the level of hormone, the subjects were divided into the normal group and the abnormal group. The two groups were compared in gender, age, course of disease, duration of coma, basal fracture and scores of Disability Rating Scale (DRS).ResultsThe total abnormal incidence of anterior pituitary hormone was 77.1% in post-acute TBI. The abnormality of reproductive hormones was higher. The duration of coma was related to the reproductive hormone.ConclusionThe abnormal incidence of anterior pituitary hormone occurs frequently in post-acute TBI. The duration of coma is related to the reproductive hormone.

To investigate the effects of resveratrol (RV) in reprogramming mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and the related mechanism.

Objective To analyze the results of theoretical test and clinical skills examination of standardized resident training gradua-tion exam in Beijing in recent years, to improve the examination standards and assessment models. Methods The results of theoretical test and clinical skills examination from 2011 to 2016 were collected. The difficulty, degree of differentiation, and factors related with the result of clinical skills examination were analyzed. Results The test paper is difficult with good degree of differentiation from 2014 to 2016. Edu-cation degree and year were not related with the clinical skills (P>0.05), while the hospital level was (P<0.05). Conclusion The standardized training and assessment of residents in rehabilitation medicine need continuously attention. Combined with the results of the assessment and the problems exposed in the assessment, a feasible scheme should be put forward, in order to improve the quality of resident training.

Objective The aim is to observe the role and mechanism of estradiol ( E2 ) on the proliferation of rat hippocampal neural stem cells ( NSCs ) .Methods Twenty hippocampi from embryonic 17-day ( E17 ) SD rats were dissociated and plated into culture flasks with NSCs specific medium containing different concentrations of estradiol .The proliferation and the vitality of NSCs were detected by immunofluorescence against BrdU and MTT assay .The expression of estrogen receptors ( ERαand ERβ) was measured by immunofluorescence staining combined with Nestin double labeling . Results BrdU and MTT assay results showed that the cell number increased when the concentration of estradiol increased from 10 -10 to 10 -8 mol/L.The number of cell proliferation and the viability of cells were best at the concentration of 10 -8 mol/L compared to the other groups .However, when the estradiol concentration was increased from 10-8 to 10 -6 mol/L, the cell proliferative capacity declined gradually .Double immunofluorescence labeling showed that the two types of estrogen receptors ( ERαand ERβ) were expressed in the cultured hippocampal NSCs .Conclusion Estradiol promotes the proliferation of hippocampal NSCs in a certain concentration range , and ERαand ERβmay be involved in the estradiol-induced proliferation .

Objective To explore facial characteristics of patients with different organ diseases; To provide some references for objective study on TCM inspection information. Methods Smart TCM-I type Life Information Analysis Systems was used to detect facial characteristics of 510 patients with five zang-organs diseases. 36 specific quantitative parameters including red ?, green (G), blue (B) and hue (H), saturation (S), value (V) of the face, forehead, eyes, cheeks, nose and chin were collected, and the Kruskal M-Wallis H and Nemenyi test were used for statistical analysis. Results Among the 510 patients with five zang-organs diseases, 96 patients belonged to lung system diseases, 105 heart system diseases, 101 liver system diseases, 107 spleen and stomach system diseases and 101 kidney system diseases. There was statistical significance in R, G, B, H, S, and V in forehead, eyes, cheeks and nose. Conclusion Facial characteristics can provide objective references for the facial division of five zang-organs diseases.

Objective To compare the application of CUBIC and iDISCO clearing methods in observing 3D imaging of spinal cord with immunofluorescent staining. Methods 1 mm thick spinal cord coronal sections were processed with CUBIC and iDISCO, respectively. The neurofilament (NF) protein was detected by immunofluorescent staining and then was observed by a laser confocal microscope. Results Compared with CUBIC, iDISCO had the advantages of shorter time, higher transparency (F=6.64, P<0.01), and deeper penetration (F=5117.55, P<0.01). Conclusion Immunofluorescent staining combined with iDISCO could completely observe the spinal axons with shorter time and better stain effect.

Objective: To investigate the hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge among clinicians in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the evidence for intensified training and improved diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C among clinicians. Methods: In November, 2021, clinicians were sampled using a stratified random sampling method from a city-level and a county (district)-level hepatitis C designated hospital in Jiaxing City. A questionnaire survey was performed using the Questionnaire for Hepatitis C Prevention and Control Knowledge among Clinicians, and the awareness of basic knowledge, professional knowledge and related knowledge about hepatitis C prevention and control among clinicians were descriptively analyzed. Results: A total of 186 questionnaires were allocated and 179 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate was 96.24%. The respondents included 107 men (59.78%) and 72 women (40.22%) and had a mean age of (37.06±9.46) years. There were 107 respondents with a bachelor degree (59.78%), 56 with junior professional titles (31.28%), and 170 from non-infectious disease departments (94.97%). The awareness of basic hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge was 96.09%, and the awareness of “Transfusion of blood containing hepatitis C virus may acquire hepatitis C” was high (98.88%), and the awareness of “Hepatitis C can be cured” was low (77.09%). The awareness of professional hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge was 3.91% to 100.00%, and the awareness of “Pathogens of hepatitis C” (100.00%) and “Recommended screening populations for hepatitis C” (86.59%) was high, while the awareness of “There are two categories of hepatitis C cases: clinically diagnosed cases and confirmed cases” (3.91%) and “Clinical diagnosis of hepatitis C: positive anti-HCV antibody + any one of abnormal liver function or epidemiological history or clinical symptoms” (3.91%) was low. The awareness rates of “The state has included antiviral agents against hepatitis C into medical insurance” was and “Antiviral agents against hepatitis C are reimbursed in outpatient and inpatient departments of our hospital” were 81.56% and 59.78%, respectively. There were 69 clinicians participating hepatitis C-related training within one year (38.55%), and the awareness of clinicians that had participated in hepatitis C-related training had a higher awareness rate of basic hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge than those without participation (100.00% vs. 93.64%, P<0.05). Conclusion The awareness of basic hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge is high among clinicians in Jiaxing City; however, the training on diagnosis and classification criteria of hepatitis C and related medical insurance policy require to be improved.