This paper analyzed the importance and urgency of clinical research of HIV/AIDS and discussed the
present research situation and bottleneck of HIV/AIDS clinical research . The application and advantages of Chinese medicine in the clinical research of HIV/AIDS had been listed . And it summarized the Chinese medicine research results on HIV/AIDS management . It also suggested the outlook of Chinese medicine in the HIV/AIDS clinical research .

By employing the methods of literature research and specialist consultation,comprehensively and systematically collected case history at home and abroad on Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of AIDS,by distilling the etiopathogenisis and pathogenesis,the character,the clinical stage,TCM four methods of examination,di erentiation of symptoms,the therapeutical principle and method and the e ective prescription,etc,the paper clari ed the character,pathology,etiology and pathogenesis of AIDS by the evaluation and statistic of qualitative and quantitative analysis of evidence based medicine,grasped the present situation of the treatment of AIDS with Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of AIDS,the rule of syndrome di erentiation and the facticity and application of the clinical e cacy.All these are used to the TCM handbook of AIDS diagnosis and treatment.

This study was aimed to explore the characteristics of urine metabolomics among HIV/AIDS patients with spleen-lung qi-deficiency. H-NMR technique was combined with principal component analysis and cluster analysis in the comparison of urine metabolic products among 24 HIV/AIDS cases with spleen-lung qi-deficiency and 20 healthy control cases. The results showed that urine metabolic products of HIV/AIDS patients with spleen-lung qi-deficiency and healthy people by H-NMR technique detection and PLS-DA analysis can classify the outline of urine metabolites. There were about 20 variables in the difference between two groups. The speculated substances contained glycyl-L-leucine, L-valine, α-aminobutyric acid, methyl succinic acid, glycine propionyl, and etc. It was concluded that H-NMR technique was able to classify the outline of urine metabolites between HIV/AIDS cases with spleen-lung qi-deficiency and healthy people. Part of the potential existed characteristic markers contributed to the clinical diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation of AIDS. It had certain effect in its quantitative analysis.

Objective:To understand the employment psychology of college students in traditional Chinese medicine universities through analyzing relevant influencing factors, and to provide solutions to improve employment quality of the medical students.Methods:An online questionnaire survey on employment psychology and employment situation was conducted from August to September in 2017 among 384 students who had graduated from Longhua Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2013 to 2017. SPSS 19.0 was used for chi-square test and linear trend test on the survey results.Results:A total of 374 valid questionnaires were recovered, with the effective recovery rate of 97.4%. The results showed that the most important factors to be considered were professional counterparts (77.01%, 288 students), salary (75.67%, 283 students) and development prospect (69.52%, 260 students) and the most important psychological characteristics were hesitation and contradiction (50.8%, 190 students) and anxiety (25.13%, 94 students). The study found that employment psychology was related to students' family situation, category, temperament and performance during their education period.Conclusion:Students have different employment psychology, which can be improved by consummating career planning, broadening employment channels, combing employment policies, supplementing professional shortcomings, and improving comprehensive skills. Meanwhile, colleges and universities can expand their practice bases, provide employment counseling, and improve education resources, speed up the construction of the second classroom, pay attention to special groups to conduct employment guidance and improve the quality of employment.

T cell receptors(TCR)immune repertoire is sum of all TCR in body,and diversity of TCR immune repertoire is closely related to HIV recognition and immune escape.High-throughput immune repertoire sequencing technology is able to detect and analyze all sequences of TCR immune repertoire,truly reflect genetic information of all TCR,and comprehensively reveal complexity and diversity of TCR immune repertoire.Analysis of changes in TCR immune group database of HIV patients through high-throughput sequencing technology can monitor their diagnosis and treatment,disease progression and prognosis,and can also contribute to vaccine development,latent reservoir clearance and clinical efficacy evaluation,so as to provide a theoretical basis for enriching prevention and treatment ideas and targets of HIV/AIDS.

With the deepening of the research on the "two sides" of arsenic from poison to medicine, arsenic has attracted extensive attention in affecting programmed cell death (PCD) and causing damage to a variety of organs. Recent studies have showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by intracellular arsenic metabolism is closely related to PCD induction. However, the specific mechanism is still unclear. In this paper, we have reviewed the main PCD forms, such as apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis induced by arsenic via ROS and their possible mechanisms, in order to provide basic information for further research and prevention of arsenic toxicity, which is helpful for clinical development and utilization of arsenic in the treatment of tumors and related diseases.

Objective:To observe the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in regulating apoptosis during malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE cells) induced by sodium arsenite (NaAsO 2). Methods:HBE cells were treated with 0.0 and 1.0 μmol/L NaAsO 2, which were control group and arsenic exposed group respectively. HBE cells were treated with 1.0 μmol/L NaAsO 2 for 43 passages to establish a malignant transformation model. The dynamic changes of indexes in different passages (0, 1st, 8th, 15th, 22nd, 29th, 36th, and 43rd) after exposure to NaAsO 2 were monitored, including the apoptosis rate detected by flow cytometry and apoptosis-related proteins and Nrf2 protein detected by Western blotting. Nrf2 siRNA was transfected into malignant transformed HBE cells (T-HBE cells) to silence Nrf2. The silencing effect of Nrf2 protein was verified. And, the apoptosis rate and apoptosis-related proteins were detected. Results:With the increase of arsenic exposure, the apoptosis rates of HBE cells decreased (0, 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36 and 43 passages were 0.370 ± 0.029, 0.443 ± 0.069, 0.357 ± 0.046, 0.330 ± 0.016, 0.273 ± 0.050, 0.160 ± 0.024, 0.110 ± 0.022, 0.097 ± 0.012, respectively, Ftrend = 22.981, P < 0.05). Compared with the 0 passage cells, the apoptosis rates of the 22nd, 29th, 36th and 43rd passages in the arsenite group were lower. The differences between them were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). With the increase of arsenic exposure, the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3, C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) associated X protein (Bax) showed downward trends ( Ftrend = 22.356, 3.738, 6.130, 8.061, P < 0.05), while the anti-apoptotic proteins myeloid cell leukemia 1 protein (Mcl-1) and Bcl-2 showed upward trends ( Ftrend = 58.201, 7.691, P < 0.05). Compared with the 0 passage and the control group of the same passage, from the 22nd passage of caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3, from the 15th passage of CHOP, Mcl-1, and Bcl-2, from the 29th passage of Bax in the arsenite group, the differences of protein were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in caspase-8, cleaved-caspase-8, caspase-12 and cleaved-caspase-12 protein expressions in the arsenic group ( P > 0.05). Compared with the 0 passage and the control group of the same passage, from the 8th passage of Nrf2 proteins in the arsenite group, the differences of expressions were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Compared with T-HBE cells transfected with Con siRNA (control), the apoptosis rate of T-HBE cells transfected with Nrf2 siRNA was higher ( P < 0.05). Compared with T-HBE cells transfected with Con siRNA, the expression levels of Nrf2, Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 in T-HBE cells transfected with Nrf2 siRNA were lower ( P < 0.05), while the expression levels of cleaved-caspase-3/caspase-3, caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3, CHOP, and Bax were higher ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:Nrf2 may regulate mitochondrial apoptotic pathway through Bcl-2, Mcl-1 and Bax, and endoplasmic reticulum apoptotic pathway through CHOP, so as to inhibit the apoptosis of HBE cells and participate in the process of malignant transformation of HBE cells induced by NaAsO 2.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of Paeoniflorin-6 '-o-benzene sulfonate ( CP-25) on methotrexate (MTX) -induced liver injury in rats． Methods: 40 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group，model group，CP-25 treatment group，CP-25 prevention group and resveratrol prevention group．A rat model of liver injury was established by single intraperitoneal injection of MTX (20 mg / kg) ，the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ，aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) ，superoxide dismutase ( SOD) ，glutathione ( GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined by ELISA，the levels of interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β) ，interleukin-6 (IL-6) ， tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ，B-lymphocyte tumor-2 (Bcl-2) ，Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) ，cytochrome C ( Cyt- C) ，cleaved cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase8 ( cleaved-cas8 ) ，cleaved cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 9 (cleaved-cas9) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) containing cysteine were assessed by Western blot. Results: Compared with the normal group，the levels of ALT and AST in MTX-induced liver injury model rats increased (F = 70. 23，P＜0. 01 ; F = 11. 09，P＜0. 05) ，and the liver histopathology showed extensive inflammatory cell infiltration，hepatic lobular structure disorder and hepatocyte swelling. Compared with MTX model group，the levels of ALT and AST in CP-25 prevention group and treatment group were lower (F = 62. 32，86. 86，P＜0. 01 ; F = 16. 35，7. 14，P ＜0. 01 ) ，and the pathological score of liver tissue was lower (F = 18. 33，P＜0. 01 ; F = 15. 47，P＜0. 05) ．Further studies showed that compared with MTX model group， both CP-25 prevention group and treatment group could significantly down-regulate the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax(F = 21. 37，P＜0. 01 ; F = 19. 35，P＜0. 05) ，Cyt-C (FCP-25 prevention group = 7. 21，P＜0. 01) ，cleavedcas8 (FCP-25 prevention group = 12. 32，P＜0. 05) and cleaved-cas9(F = 8. 41，P＜0. 01 ; F = 6. 91，P＜0. 05) ，and upregulate the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 (F = 13. 11，P＜0. 01 ; F = 9. 93，P＜0. 05) . At the same time，compared with MTX model group，CP-25 prevention group and treatment group decreased the levels of IL- 1 β , IL-6 and TNF-α(FCP-25 prevention group = 160. 7，46. 55，28. 89，P＜0. 01) ; FCP-25 treatment group = 127. 4，53. 70，26. 46， P ＜ 0. 01 ) ，down-regulated the levels of MDA and NOX4 ( FCP-25 prevention group = 31. 71，38. 45 ，P ＜ 0. 01 ; FCP-25 treatment group = 27. 89，31. 27，P＜0. 01) ，and up-regulated the level of GSH ( F = 39. 65，29. 04，P ＜0. 01) . Conclusion CP-25 has a good therapeutic and protective effect on hepatotoxicity induced by MTX，and this effect may be related to its inhibition of oxidative stress，inflammatory response，and reduction of apoptosis in liver tissue.