Objective To understand the antimicrobial resistance of common clinical pathogens to antimicrobial disks containing different ratios of cefoperazone/sulbactam,so as to provide basis for rational application of cefoper-azone/sulbactam in clinic.Methods 1 141 pathogens isolated from clinical specimens in a hospital in the first half year of 2014 were collected,disk diffusion method was adopted to detect antimicrobial activity of two kinds of cef-operazone/sulbactam disks (70/35 μg and 75/75 μg).Results Of 1 141 pathogenic strains,675 (59.16%)were En-terobacteriaceae,447 (39.18%)were non-fermentative bacteria,and 19 (1 .66%)were other gram-negative bacilli. Resistance rates of pathogens to 70/35μg and 75/75 μg cefoperazone/sulbactam antimicrobial disks were as follows:extended-spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli (n=221)were 7.69% and 2.26% respective-ly,ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=92)10.87% and 3.26% respectively,imipenem-resistant Acineto-bacter baumannii (IRAB,n=295)54.92% and 11 .19%respectively;there were significant differences in antimicrobial activity between two ratios of antimicrobial disks(P <0.05).While antimicrobial resistance rates of ESBLs-negative Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli ,n = 135;Klebsiella pneumoniae ,n =98),imipenem-sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii (ISAB,n=51),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=48 ),and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n=22)were not significantly different (all P >0.05).Conclusion Antimicrobial activity of two different ratios of cefoperazone/sulbactam antimicrobial disks to ESBLs-producing Enterobacteriaceae and IRAB is different,attention should be paid to ratios of cefoperazone/sulbactam during the treatment ,so as to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.

The incidence of breast cancer increased rapidly in recent years. Breast cancer has become the most frequent malignant tumor of female especially in the developed regions. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is effective in treating breast cancer, but its theories appear hysteretic, restricting the progress in clinical practice, teaching and research of TCM in the treatment of breast cancer. This article described the significance and urgency to work out the standardization of syndrome differentiation based on stages for breast cancer and put it into practice. It also analyzed the foundations, ideas and approaches of the research of standardization of syndrome differentiation based on stages for breast cancer in light of the changes of spectrum of diseases, the weaknesses of modern medicine in treating breast cancer, and the existed problems in the update clinical practice.

The study on use of traditional Chinese medicine in perioperative management of breast cancer is still in the beginning phase. With the emergence of new understanding about the biological characteristics of breast cancer, the concept of treatment has changed. For instance, the resection extent is tending to be narrower, large doses of radiotherapy may be adopted during the operation, and early use of adjuvant chemotherapy is advocated after the operation. These have bought about changes to the intervention factors in the perioperative period for breast cancer. Some related problems about the participation of traditional Chinese medicine in perioperative management of breast cancer are discussed in this article, so as to make the perioperative management perfect.

Objective To examine the cellular distribution and the role of a-catenin in epidermal tumors. Methods Expression of a-catenin was investigate d by immunohistochemical staining in 20 patients with Bowen′s disease (BD), 20 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 20 basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and 40 normal cont rols. Results Expression of a-catenin was strongest on the cell membranes of b asal cells, but nearly negative in the cytoplasm and the nuclei of epidermal cel ls in normal controls. Expression of a-catenin was significantly lower on the cell membranes in SCC and BCC cells than that in normal epidermal cells (P

Objective To investigate the association betw een systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)and polymorphismof Fc gamma receptor ty peⅢin Han patients fromHunan province.Methods Genotypes of Fc?RⅢa-158V/F were determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)analysis in 65patients with SLE and 60normal controls.Results①It was found that the frequency of homozygous Fc?RⅢa-158F /F genotype was significantly h igher in patients with SLE than that i n controls(OR=2.23,? 2 =4.69,P=0.03).②The frequencies of both homozygous Fc?RⅢa-158F /F genotype and Fc?RⅢa-158F allele were significantly high er in patients with lupus nephritis c ompared with those in controls(OR=2.67,? 2 =5.36,P=0.02;OR=2.00,? 2 =4.91,P=0.03).Conclusions These results suggest that an abnorm al distribution of Fc?RⅢa-158V/F polymorphism is associated with SLE in the Hans of Hunan province,and the presence of Fc?RⅢa-158F allele is a risk factor for lupus nephritis.These findings support t he hypothesis of a genetic mechanism in the pathogenesis of SLE.[

1 was found in grouping, abortion times and metastasis in axillary lymph nodes, and OR

Objective To investigate the effects of glucocorticoids o n the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines at mRNA and protein levels in peripheral b lood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SL E). Methods Th1 cytokine (IFN-IL-10) in PBMCs fro m 48 patients with SLE were detected before and after treatment with glucocortic oids by RT-PCR for mRNA expression and ELISA for protein production. The systemi c lupus erythematosus activity measure (SLAM) scores of patients were compared b efore and after treatment. Results After treatment, the expression and product ion of IFN- versus 1.4094 pg/mL; P

Objective To study the telomerase activity,the keratinocyte apoptosis in condyloma ac-cuminatum(CA)and the correlation between them.Methods CA specimens from30patients were stud-ied,and compared with normal tissue and tumor cell lines.Telomerase activity was detected with telomeric repeat amplification polymerase chain reaction(TRAP)-ELISA.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated biotin dUTP nick end-labeling(TUNEL)was used to evaluate apoptotic cells.Results Increased telomerase activity was detected in27(90%)patients with CA,with A 450 ranging between0.50and2.76(mean1.3022).Apoptotic keratinocytes were found in24out of30CA cases(80%).A statistically signifi-cant inverse correlation was found between telomerase activity and apoptotic index(r =-0.52,P=0.004).Conclusion Keratinocyte telomerase is activated in condyloma acuminata,which is correlated with the downregulation of apoptosis,thus they might be involved in the pathogenesis of CA.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of diffusion-weighted(DWI) MRI on basis of the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC),and the diagnostic value of pure molecular diffusion coefficient (D),perfusion-related diffusion coefficient (D *) and perfusion fraction (f) in first onset NPC.Methods From December 2011 to January 2013,40 consecutive patients (26 men,14 women; median age,52 years) with suspected NPC were examined on a 3.0 T MR scanner.DW imaging was performed by using a single-shot echo-planar sequence with 13 b-values (0,10,20,30,50,80,100,150,200,300,400,600,800 s/mm2).MR imaging was compared with endoscopy and biopsy for the detection of NPC.Mean interval time between MR imaging examination and subsequent nasopharyngeal biopsy was 3 days (range,0-11 days).The subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the pathological results,group A was subjects with NPC (17 men,9 women; median age,35) and group B was ones with nasopharyngeal chronic hyperplastic inflammation(NPH) (9 men,5 women; median age,35).The D,D * and f were measured and compared in patients with first onset NPC and nasopharyngeal hyperplasia (Mann-Whitney test).Results IVIM DWI was successful in 24/26 with NPC and 12/14 with NPH.D value was significantly lower in A group compared with B group [mean,(0.70 ± 0.13) ×10-3 mm2/s vs (0.78 ± 0.05) × 10-3 mm2/s ; U =2.05,P ＜ 0.05],as was f value [mean,(16.25 ±1.46) ％ vs (26.20 ± 3.90) ％ ; U =11.16,P ＜ 0.01].However,D* value was significantly higher in Agroupas compared with B group[mean,(161.8 ±23.56) × 10-3 mm2/s vs (55.28 ± 17.05) × 10-3 mm2/s; U =13.90,P ＜0.01].Conclusions IVIM DWI is a feasible technique for investigating first onset NPC and D value has a certain value in differentiating NPC and NPH.D* value has an important potential value in distinguishing benign and malignant NPC.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanisms of Runing Recipe II (a recipe composed of traditional Chinese herbs) in inhibiting the growth of breast cancer by observing its effects on the expressions of p53 and ras oncogene proteins and cell cycle of the transplanted Ca761 breast cancer in mice. METHODS: We established the breast cancer model by transplanting Ca761 cells in mice. The mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal saline control group, CTX-treated group, Runing Recipe II-treated group, and Runing Recipe II and CTX-treated group, with 12 mice in each group. We detected the cell cycle of the cancer cells in the mice's transplanted tumor with flow cytometry and measured the expressions of p53 and ras oncogene proteins in the transplanted tumor with immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: The percentages of tumor cells in S-phase of the Runing Recipe II treated group, CTX-treated group and Runing Recipe II and CTX-treated group were significantly lower than that of the normal saline control group respectively (P<0.05). The percentage of tumor cells in G(0)-G(1) phase of the Runing Recipe II treated group was lower than that of the CTX-treated group (P<0.05), while the percentage of tumor cells in G(2)-M phase was higher than that of the CTX-treated group. The immunoreactive scores (IRSs) of p53 in the Runing Recipe II treated group and Runing Recipe II and CTX-treated group were significantly lower than that in the normal saline control group respectively (P<0.05). The effect of CTX on the expression of p53 was not significant. The IRSs of ras oncogene protein in the Recipe II-treated group, CTX-treated group and Runing Recipe II and CTX-treated group were lower than that in the normal saline control group respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Runing Recipe II can inhibit the growth of Ca761 breast cancer in mice by controlling the cell cycle of the transplanted tumor. This may be related to its effect on the gene expressions of p53 and ras in the tumor tissue.