Humans ; Vertigo ; therapy

Objective:To investigate the correlation of mitochondrial respiration function and oxidative phosphorylation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)with grip strength and muscle mass in the elderly, and to identify potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of sarcopenia.Methods:A total of 65 patients admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to August 2020 were enrolled in this study.PBMCs were extracted from subjects.Mitochondrial oxidative respiration function was assessed via the Seahorse XF24 analyzer.Grip strength was measured using a hydraulic dynamometer, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass(ASM)was estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA). Multivariate analysis was conducted by using partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression, in order to evaluate the correlation of mitochondrial oxidative respiration function with grip strength and ASM.Results:After adjustment for gender and body mass index(BMI), partial correlation analysis showed that grip strength and ASM had a negative correlation with age( r=-0.537 and -0.390, both P<0.001); and basal respiration, maximal respiration, ATP production and spare respiratory capacity of mitochondria in PBMCs were negatively correlated with age( r=-0.558, -0.614, -0.526 and -0.582, all P<0.001), whereas grip strength and ASM were positively correlated with basal respiration, maximal respiration, ATP production, spare respiratory capacity and proton leak of mitochondria in PBMCs(grip strength: r=0.414, 0.451, 0.362, 0.420 and 0.425, P=0.002, 0.001, 0.008, 0.002 and 0.002; ASM: r=0.319, 0.368, 0.299, 0.352 and 0.279, P=0.019, 0.006, 0.028, 0.009 and 0.041). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that grip strength and ASM were positively correlated with basal respiration, maximal respiration, ATP production, spare respiratory capacity and proton leak of mitochondria in PBMCs(grip: β=0.503, 0.548, 0.452, 0.519 and 0.532, t=3.248, 3.604, 2.774, 3.301 and 3.350, P=0.002, 0.001, 0.008, 0.002 and 0.002; ASM: β=0.302, 0.355, 0.289, 0.346 and 0.271, t=2.427, 2.856, 2.263, 2.716 and 2.091, P=0.019, 0.006, 0.028, 0.009 and 0.041). Age was negatively correlated with basal respiration, maximal respiration, ATP production and spare respiratory capacity of mitochondria in PBMCs( β=-0.581, -0.654, -0.558 and -0.640, t=-4.285, -5.157, -3.938 and -4.863, all P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that ASM and grip strength had no significant correlation with basal respiration, maximal respiration, ATP production, spare respiratory capacity or proton leak of mitochondria in PBMCs. Conclusions:Age-related mitochondrial oxidative respiration in PBMCs can reflect changes in muscle strength and muscle mass and, combined with grip strength and ASM, may be considered as a biomarker for the evaluation of sarcopenia in the elderly.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of measuring resting energy expenditure (REE) for guiding an accurate nutritional support in elderly bedridden patients with nasal feeding.Methods The REE of 32 elderly bedridden patients with nasal feeding was assessed by using the Cosmed K4b2 portable telemetric gas analysis system.The waist-hip ratio, serum levels of albumin, transferrin, prealbumin and retinol-binding protein were determined to assess comprehensive nutrition status.The energy intakes were calculated, and the correlation of REE and the difference between the energy intakes and consumption with nutritional index were analyzed.Results The resting energy expendture was lower in the patients with waist-hip ratio≥0.95 than in patients with waist-hip ratio ＜0.95 (t=3.622, P＜0.01).The waist-hip ratio was reduced and serum albumin and transferrin levels were decreased along with the increase of REE in elderly patients (r=-0.55,-0.36 and-0.593, respectively, P=0.001, 0.043, ＜0.001).The difference between the energy intake and expenditure was higher in patients with waist-hip ratio≥0.95 than those with waist-hip ratio＜0.95 (t =5.643, P＜ 0.001).Serum albumin, prealbumin, transferrin and retinol-binding protein levels were increased along with the increase of the difference between the energy intake and expenditure, which showed the positive correlations (r=0.525, 0.409, 0.624, 0.414, respectively,P=0.002, 0.02, ＜0.001, 0.019).Conclusions Precise determination of REE and energy intake guided by REE are the important guarantees for the reasonable nutrition support in the elderly.

Objective:To explore the effect sense of security and self-control on parent-child cohesion and externalizing problem behaviors in primary and middle school students.Methods:A total of 1 402 primary and middle school students were investigated with the problem behavior frequency scale(PBFS), family adaptability and cohesion scale(FACES-CV), security questionnaire(SQ) and brief self-control scale(BSCS). SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS v2.16 were used for statistical analysis, and common method deviation test, Pearson correlation analysis and intermediary effect analysis were used in the analysis.Results:Parent-child cohesion of primary and middle school students was positively correlated with security and self-control ( r=0.279, 0.303, both P<0.01), which was negatively correlated with externalizing problem behaviors ( r=-0.154, P<0.01). Security was positively correlated with self-control ( r=0.567, P<0.01). Security, self-control and externalizing problem behaviors were negatively correlated ( r=-0.147, -0.250, both P<0.01). The security and self-control of primary and middle school students played a partial mediating role between parent-child cohesion and externalizing problem behaviors.The mediating effect consisted of two paths: one was parent-child cohesion-self-control-externalizing problem behaviors, the other was parent-child cohesion-security-self-control-externalizing problem behaviors. The effect values of these two paths accounted for 20.52% and 20.26% of the total effect respectively. Conclusion:Parent-child cohesion not only directly affects the externalizing problem behaviors of primary and middle school students, but also indirectly affects the externalizing problem behavior through the independent mediating effect of self-control and the chain mediation of security-self-control.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between depression risk and the test time for dual-task timed up-and-go(TUG)test in the elderly.Methods:A total of 193 elderly volunteers aged 60 years and over who lived in the Nanjing community of Jiangsu Province were recruited.The Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS)was used to screen for geriatric depression.The single-task TUG(TUG-single), TUG with additional operational tasks(TUG-manual)and TUG with additional cognitive tasks(TUG-cognitive)were tested in all subjects.The differences in test times taken to complete TUG-single, TUG-manual and TUG-cognitive tests were analyzed by ANOVA.The correlation of GDS scores with test time for TUG-single, TUG-manual, TUG-cognitive was analyzed by using Pearson's correlation.Results:The average test times for TUG-cognitive and TUG-manual tests were longer than that for TUG-single test( P<0.0001). The higher the GDS score, the longer the TUG-single test time, with a significantly positive correlation between GDS and the test time for TUG-single( r=0.2261, P=0.0016). Similarly, GDS score showed significantly positive correlations with the test time for TUG-manual( r=0.2359, P=0.0010)and the TUG-cognitive test time( r=0.1946, P=0.0067). Conclusions:The increase of depression risk is significantly and positively correlated with the prolongation of the TUG test time in the elderly.The TUG test can be used to assess the functional mobility in elderly patients with depression.

Objective To comparatively analyze the image characteristic of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)and contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT),and explore the diagnostic value of the two methods in benign and malignant lesions of gallbladder.Methods comparative analysis the image characteristic of CEUS and CECT,the preoperative diagnostic results of 86 cases of gallbladder diseases were confirmed by pathology.Results The enhancement patterns of CEUS and CECT in benign and malignant lesions of gallbladder are similar.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of CEUS were 77.9%(53/68),77.8%(14/18),77.9%(67/86),respectively.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of CECT were 75%(51/68),55.6%(10/18),70.9%(61/86),respectively.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the combination of CEUS and CECT were 83.8%(57/68),55.6%(10/18),77.9%(67/86),respectively.The accuracy of the combination of CEUS and CECT was higher than that of CECT in the diagnosis of malignant gallbladder lesions [(53.9±10.00)s vs(35.50±6.72)s],the differences were statistically significant(t=6.729,P＜0.001).Conclusions The enhancement patterns of CEUS and CECT in benign and malignant gallbladder lesions are similar.The combination of CEUS and CECT is helpful for improving the diagnostic accuracy of malignant gallbladder lesions.CEUS and CECT could corroborate and complement each other,and provide more valuable information for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant gallbladder lesions.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common interstitial lung disease (ILD) of unknown causes, which is characterized by pulmonary fibrosis. The median survival period after diagnosis is about 2-4 years. In recent years, the incidence rate of lung cancer associated with IPF (IPF-LC) is increasing, and the prognosis is worse than that of IPF alone. Pulmonary fibrosis may be closely associated with the occurrence and development of lung cancer. Although the pathogenesis of IPF-LC is still unclear, the current research shows that there are similarities between the pathogenesis of these two diseases at molecular and cellular levels. At present, the research on the cellular and molecular mechanism of lung cancer related to pulmonary fibrosis has become the focus of researchers' attention. This article reviews the related literature, focusing on the latest status of the cellular and molecular mechanisms and treatment of IPF-LC, hoping to help clinicians understand IPF-LC.
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Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/complications* ; Lung Neoplasms/complications*

Objective:To investigate the correlation of peripheral blood relative mitochondrial DNA copy number(mtDNAcn)with intrinsic capacity and body composition, and to identify potential biomarkers for healthy aging.Methods:Clinical data of 416 patients admitted to our hospital from September 2019 to June 2021 were consecutively collected.MtDNA was extracted from peripheral blood of these subjects, and mtDNAcn was determined by a real-time fluoresence quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR). Intrinsic capacity assessment included 5 aspects that were exercise[Morse Fall Scale(MFS), Physiological Frailty Phenotype(PFP), Sarcopenia Questionnaire(SARC-CALF), Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB), Time Up and Go Test(TUG)]; vitality[Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA), Multidimensional Prognostic Index(MPI)]; cognition[Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)scale]; psychology[Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)]; sensory capacities[Cumulative Illness Rating Scale-the Comorbidity Index(CIRS-CI)]. To assess body composition, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure body fat, including trunk fat, total body fat, fat in the abdominal region, fat in the buttock region, and then to calculate fat index(FMI)and limb skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI).Results:Spearman correlation analysis showed that mtDNAcn had a negatively correlation with age( r=-0.176, P<0.05). After adjustment for gender and body mass index, partial correlation analysis showed mtDNAcn were still negatively correlated with age( r=-0.144, P<0.05). Furthermore, mtDNAcn was significantly correlated with 4 m gait speed, the scores of SARC-CalF, MFS, MNA, MMSE, MPI and its sub-scale's Activities of Daily Living(ADL)and Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire(SPMSQ)( r=0.171, -0.207, -0.163, 0.221, 0.184, -0.210, 0.241, -0.269, all P<0.05). After adjustment for age, gender and body mass index, partial correlation analysis showed mtDNAcn still had a significant correlation with gait speed, the scores of MFS, MNA, MPI and SPMSQ( r=0.170, -0.170, 0.148, -0.242, -0.188, all P<0.05). In addition, the Spearman correlation analysis showed that mtDNAcn was positively correlated with FMI, trunk fat, total body fat, abdominal fat and fat in the buttock region( r=0.168, 0.143, 0.175, 0.116, 0.199, all P<0.05). However, after adjustment for age and gender, mtDNAcn was only correlated with FMI, total body fat, fat in the buttock region( r=0.126, 0.131, 0.127, all P<0.05). On the other hand, multiple linear regression analysis showed that mtDNAcn was significantly correlated with age, gait speed, FMI, total body fat, fat in the buttock region, the scores of MFS, PFP, MNA and MPI( β=-0.191, 0.156, 0.126, 0.131, 0.125, -0.119, -0.145, 0.151, -0.171, all P<0.05). Conclusions:MtDNAcn is correlated with physical function, frailty, nutrition, falling, cognition and body composition, and may be considered as a biomarker for the evaluation of the locomotion and vitality of human intrinsic capacity.