OBJECTIVETo determine the expression and possible function of CIC-5 during the rat tooth germ development.

METHODSIsolated total mRNA and protein from the rat tooth germs which were at different stages of development. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to investigate the mRNA and protein expression of the CIC-5 in the rat tooth germ.

RESULTSThe mRNA and protein of CIC-5 expressed in the late bell stage, but undetected inThe mRNA and protein of CIC-5 expressed in the late bell stage, but undetected in the early or middle bell stage.

CONCLUSIONThese results showed the spatial temporal distribution of expression of CIC-5 during the different stages of the rat tooth germ development and suggested that it might contribute to the rat tooth germ development.

Ameloblasts ; Animals ; Odontogenesis ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Tooth Germ

The presence of a large palatal or maxillary defect after partial or total maxillectomy for tumor, trauma or congenital deformation poses a challenge to prosthodontists, particularly when the use of an implant cannot be considered. This case report described the use of an air valve in a hollow silicone obturator to manufacture an inflatable obturator that could be extended further into undercut area to retain itself. The inflatable obturator exhibited adequate retention, stability and border sealing, thereby improving the masticatory,pronunciation and swallowing functions of patients. It may be a suitable alternative treatment option to an implant-retained obturator.
Dental Impression Technique ; Dental Prosthesis Design ; Dental Prosthesis Retention ; Denture Retention ; Denture, Complete, Upper ; Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone ; rehabilitation ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Maxilla ; surgery ; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods ; rehabilitation ; Palatal Obturators ; Silicones ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the water quality and running status of the dringking water improving project in Xuchang,Pingdingshan and Nanyang,thus to provide basis for scientifically evaluating social effects.Methods Stratified sampling was used in the levels of counties and townships and villages,with the number of checked counties greater than or eaquel to half of the projected counties(13/24),the checked townships more than 40 percent of the projected townships(42/102),the checked villages greater than or eaquel to 30% of the projected villages(56/186).We listened their statement,reviewed the documents,examined carefully the water projects before we made the appraisal.Results More than 95%(129/136)of the projects had water quality reports,among which 90%(122/136)were provided by county level centers for disease prevention and control,75% (102/136) of water samples were collected by centers for disease prevention and control,80%(109/136)ofcounties organized an acceptance check-up group,92%(125/136)projects well preserved water source.Conclusions The dringking water improvement projeets in countryside are basically normal in terms of construction and management,the water supplied is qualified,so the expected goal is achieved.However,duties of each department are not explicit and the communication is inadequate,so collaboration should be reinforced.

The presence of a large palatal or maxillary defect after partial or total maxillectomy for tumor, trauma or congenital deformation poses a challenge to prosthodontists, particularly when the use of an implant cannot be considered. This case report described the use of an air valve in a hollow silicone obturator to manufacture an inflatable obturator that could be extended further into undercut area to retain itself. The inflatable obturator exhibited adequate retention, stability and border sealing, thereby improving the masticatory, pronunciation and swallowing functions of patients. It may be a suitable alternative treatment option to an implant-retained obturator.

Objective To study the clinical application anatomy of interventricular foramen and offer a base for operation.Methods Interventricular foramens were observed in 15 adult cadaveric brainThirty- two patients of obstructive hydrocephalus were operated to observe the structure of interventricular foramen un- der neuroendoscope.Results Interventricular foramen was a poriform structure which consists of fornixan- terior pole of thalamencephalon and choroid plexus and was a oval shape in most of themThe plane of the fo- ramen was a included angle with the median sagittal planeThe septal veinthalamostriate veinthalamen- cephal and even the floor of third ventricle could be observed clearly in endoscope.At the same timewe found the foramen had a significant change in obstructive hydrocephalus.Conclusion The interventricular foramen has a simple relatively structure but a variation on size and shape especially in obstructive hydroceph- alusA clearly comprehension of it's structure and adjacent is a base to microsurgery and endoscopic surgery on the foramen.

OBJECTIVETo explore the regulatory mechanism of Xiaoyin Recipe () on the T helper 1/T helper 2 (Th1/Th2) immune balance.

METHODSThirty-six experimental animals were divided into three groups, 12 rats in each group: blank control group (B group), negative control group (N group), and Xiaoyin Recipe treatment group (T group). The latter two groups received immunization of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT), and T group were treated with Xiaoyin Recipe for a month. Then, the expression of Th1-Th2-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were screened with Oligo GEArray Rat Th1-Th2-Th3 Microarray. The expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), T-box expressed in T-cells (T-bet), and GATA-binding protein-3 (GATA-3) were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSGene array screening showed that compared to N group, in T group after Xiaoyin Recipe treatment, 3 genes were upregulated in EAT rats, including interleukin-27 receptor alpha (IL-27rα), glomulin (Glmn), and GATA-3, while 38 genes were downregulated, such as CD28, IL-18, signal transducer, and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), T-bet, TNF receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4), TNF ligand superfamily member 5 (TNFSF5), and TNF receptor superfamily member 5 (TNFRSF5). While RT-PCR showed that there was an increased level of TNF-α mRNA (P<0.01), an elevated ratio of T-bet/GATA-3, and a decreased level of IL-10 mRNA in PBMC of N and T group compared to B group (P <0.01); and after treatment with Xiaoyin Recipe, IL-10 mRNA level increased (P <0.01), while TNF-α mRNA level and T-bet/GATA-3 ratio decreased in T group compared to N group (P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONXiaoyin Recipe for psoriasis could induce a Th1/Th2 balance drift toward Th2 in PBMC of EAT rats and thus improve the conditions.

Animals ; Autoantibodies ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; GATA3 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Interleukin-10 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Psoriasis ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; T-Box Domain Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Th1-Th2 Balance ; drug effects ; Th2 Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the toxic effect of fluoride on the human thyroid cells (Nthy-ori 3-1) and its mechanism.

METHODSNthy-ori 3-1 cells were exposed to 0.0, 0.1, 1.0, 3.0 mmol/L of sodium fluoride (NaF) in vitro. After 24 hours incubation, 3 (4,5-Dimethylthiazol-z-yl)-3, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay were used to measure cell viability and the LDH leakage rate. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, constituent ratio of the cell cycle, and apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry.

RESULTSComparing to viability of control group (set as 100.00%), the cell viability of the 1.0, 3.0 mmol/L fluoride-treated groups (76.64 +/- 9.13)%, (64.04 +/- 6.32)% were significantly decreased (all P values <0.01). LDH leakage rate and ROS level of the 3.0 mmol/L fluoride-treated group ((48.66 +/-7.15)%, (29993.50 +/- 1786. 86) FI) were significantly increased (all P values <0.01) compared to control group ((35.24 +/- 3.02)%, (13021.33 +/- 1067.55) FI). The G0/G1 phase cells of the 1.0 mmol/L fluoride-treated group ((40.76 +/- 5.65)%) were lower than control group (60.09 +/- 1.76)% (P < 0.01), yet the percentage of cells in S phase ((54.05 +/- 4.59)%) were higher than the control group (32.59 +/- 2.43) % (P < 0.01). Comparing to control group ((9.64 +/- 3.44)%), the percentage of apoptosis cells increased in the 3.0 mmol/L fluoride-treated group ((20.09 +/- 3.22)%) (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTo Nthy-ori 3-1 cells, fluoride under experimental concentrations decreases cell viability, improve the LDH leakage rate, and ROS level. It blocks the cells in S phase and induce cell apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Fluorides ; toxicity ; Humans ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; analysis ; Thyroid Gland ; cytology ; drug effects

AIMTo explore the effects of different doses of tyrosine modulation on behavioral performances in open field test of psychological stress rats.

METHODSThe animal model of psychological stress was developed by restraint stress for 21 days. Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 10) as follows: control group (CT), stress control group (SCT), low, medium and high-doses of tyrosine modulation stress groups (SLT, SMT and SIT). The changes of behavioral performances were examined by open-field test. Serum levels of cortisol, norepinephrine and dopamine were also detected.

RESULTSThe levels of serum cortisol were all increased obviously in the four stress groups, and their bodyweight gainings were diminished. The behavioral performances of SCT rats in open-field test were changed significantly in contrast to that of CT rats. However, The behavioral performances of SMT and SHT rats were not different from that of CT rats. In addition, the serum levels of norepinephrine and dopamine were downregulated obviously in SCT and SLT groups, and no differences were observed in other groups.

CONCLUSIONPsychological stress can impair body behavioral performances, and moderate tyrosine modulation may improve these abnormal changes. The related mechanisms may be involved with the changes of norepinephrine and dopamine.

Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Dopamine ; blood ; Male ; Norepinephrine ; blood ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Restraint, Physical ; psychology ; Stress, Psychological ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Tyrosine ; therapeutic use

AIMTo evaluate the effects of different doses of zinc on the expression of metallothionein isoforms in stressed hippocampal neurons in vitro.

METHODSThe cell stress model was developed by corticosterone. The cultured hippocampal neurons were assigned to seven groups as follows: control group, zinc deficiency group, and their corresponding stressed groups, as well as three different levels of zinc complementarity groups.

RESULTSIn zinc deficiency group, the expressions of metallothionein and MT-1 mRNA, MT-3 mRNA were downregulated. On the other hand, inductions of metallothionein and it's mRNAs in stressed zinc complementarity group were increased. In addition, the levels of supernatant IL-6 and NO were increased clearly in zinc deficiency group and corticosterone stressed groups.

CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that zinc deficiency may decrease while zinc complementarity increase the expressions of metallothioneins and MT-1 mRNA, MT-3 mRNA in stressed hippocampal neurons in vitro.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Metallothionein ; metabolism ; Neurons ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Zinc ; pharmacology

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Hair Dyes ; toxicity ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Liver Diseases ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Young Adult