Objective To investigate the effect of platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) on the prostate cancer cells migration and its possible mechanism. Methods The expressions of PDGF-D in LNCaP and PC-3 cells were detected with western blot.PDGF-D siRNA was synthesized according to mRNA sequence of PDGF-D gene and was transfected into PC-3 cell.The cells were treated with PDGF-D and PDGF-D siRNA,the cell migration was examined by Boyden chamber migration assay.The expression changes of VEGF and MMP-9 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. Results The results of western blot indicated that the PDGF-D protein expression level was lower in LNCaP cells (29.47 ± 1.68) than that in PC-3 cells (63.43 ±2.10),(P ＜ 0.05).PDGF-D siRNA could down-regulate the PDGF-D protein expression in the transfected group (35.19 ± 1.51).The exogenous PDGF-D could promote migration of LNCaP and PC-3cells,and up-regulate the expression of VEGF,MMP-9 mRNA in PC-3 cells (P ＜ 0.05,compared with control group).PDGF-D siRNA inhibited PC-3 cells' migration and decreased the level of VEGF,MMP-9mRNA expression (0.72 ± 0.09 vs 0.43 ± 0.18,0.65 ±0.07 vs 0.22 ± 0.08) (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion PDGF-D is involved in the promotion of prostate cancer invasion and angiogenesis.

Adult ; B-Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology

Objectives To search for the pathogenesis of vaseular endothelial injury and its clinical significance.Methods 36 patients with acute lower respiratory trect infection(ALRI)and 30 healthy controls were envolved. Circulating endothelial cells (CEC)and nitric oxide (NO) levels were tested.Results Circulating nitrite/nitra levels,the stable metabolic products of NO,were found to be significantly higher in the patients with ALRI (44.6?22.6umol/L) than that in the controls (24.5?14.1umoI /L, P

Objective:To explore the relationships between the endothelial microparticles (EMPs)in peripheral blood and CD4+ CD25 + Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and their cytokine levels in the patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS),and to clarify the mechanism of EMPs in the pathogenesis of ACS by affecting the Treg cell differentiation and function.Methods:Twenty-three patients with stable angina (SAP)were allocated to SAP group,and 52 patients with ACS were allocated to ACS group.Twenty individuals with normal conventional coronary angiography results were recruited as control group.The levels of EMPs and the percents of CD4+ CD25 +Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of the patients in various groups were measured by flow cytometry. The expressions of Foxp3 mRNA and the plasma levels of TGF-β1 were detected with Real-Time PCR and ELISA, respectively.Correlation analysis was performed between EMPs and regulatory T cells,Foxp3 mRNA expression level and TGF-β1 level.Results:Compared with control group and SAP group,the level of EMPs in peripheral blood of the patients in ACS group was increased significantly,but the percentage of regulatory T cells,the Foxp3 mRNA expression level and the plasma TGF-β1 level were decreased markedly (P <0.01).The correlation analysis showed that there were significantly negative correlation between EMPs and regulatory T cells,Foxp3 mRNA expression level and TGF-β1 level (r = - 0.452,P = 0.001;r = - 0.466,P = 0.001;r = - 0.555,P = 0.000 ). Conclusion:EMPs may involve in the process of occurrence and development of ACS and plaque instability by regulating the differentiation and function of CD4+ CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells.

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)in cytokine IL-6, IL- 10 genes and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Methods A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in 381 cases with HBV-related HCC, 340 HBsAg carriers and 359 non-tumor controls. Genotypes of-572 site of IL-6 gene and-819, -592 sites of IL-10 gene were determined by real-time polymorphism chain reaction. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios(ORs)and 95 confidence intervals(C/s). Results For the G/C alleles of -572 loci on IL-6 gene, there were significant differences between the three groups(P＜0.05). Compared with CC genotype, GG genotype increased the risk of HBV infection (OR=2.171,95% Ch 1.068-4.415), but did not seem to be associated with HCC. For the alleles of-819 and -592 site of IL-10 gene, there were significant differences between the three groups(P＜0.05). Compared with CC genotype, TT genotype increased the risks of both HCC(OR=2.791,95%CI:1.326-5.874), and HCC in HBsAg carriers(0R=3.522,95%CI: 1.707-7.266). When compared with CC genotype on -592 site, the AA genotype reduced the risk of both HCC(OR=0.389, 95% CI:0.173-0.875), and HCC in HBsAg carriers(OR=0.336, 95% CI: 0.154-0.734). Conclusion The SNPs in -572 site of IL-6 gone might be associated with the risk of HBV infection. The SNPs in -819 site of IL-10 gene increased the risk of HCC, but -592 site of IL-10 gene decreased the risk of HCC.

To study the relationship between the interleukin (IL)6 -572G/C polymorphism and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in men.A hospital-based case-control study was conducted with 500 male HCC patients without tumor history in other organs and 590 healthy male controls without history of tumors or chronic diseases. All HCC cases were diagnosed by histopathology. The controls were recruited from the Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Ophthalmology at the same hospital. The IL-6 promoter -572G/C polymorphism and its genotype variants were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The Chi-squared test and unconditional logistic regression analyses were applied to determine the risk of HCC among men carrying the different genotype variants.The frequencies of alleles and distribution of genotypes in the -572G/C loci were not significantly different between the HCC cases and controls (P more than 0.05). The Chi-squared test indicated that the polymorphisms of the loci were not associated with HCC in our male population. However, after adjusting by multivariate logistic regression, the odds ratio (OR) of HCC for the G allele (CG + GG genotypes) carriers was 1.31 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00 - 1.71) compared with the CC genotype. Among the male HBV carriers, the CG genotype increased HCC risk significantly (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.14 - 2.24) compared with the CC genotype. A trend test indicated that HCC risk was significantly increased with the numbers of G alleles (P trend less than 0.05). Breslow-Day tests of homogeneity of the ORs indicated an interaction between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and polymorphisms of IL-6 (P less than 0.05). The synthetic odds ratio (OReg) of HBV infection and harboring a G allele was 5.95 (95% CI: 3.99-8.87), which represented a super multiplication interaction.Polymorphism of the IL-6 promoter -572 loci may be associated with HCC occurrence in men. Moreover, there is a super multiplication interaction for HCC risk between HBV infection and harboring the IL-6 G allele.
Adult ; Alleles ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Genotype ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo study the safety, effectiveness and feasibility of suprapubis-assisted umbilical laparoendoscopic mini-dual-site surgery (SAU-LEMDS) in the treatment of varicocele.

METHODSThis study included 80 varicocele patients aged 24 - 44 (mean 28.5 +/- 2.6) years, 25 cases of grade I, 45 cases of grade II and 10 cases of grade III, 58 cases in the left side, 6 in the right and 16 in both sides, and all with asthenospermia. The patients were treated by SAU-LEMDS under subarachnoid anesthesia combined with general anesthesia in a supine position with a head-down-feet-up slope of 15 degrees. Two 5 mm trocars were inserted bilaterally at the umbilical edge, one with a 5 mm 30 degrees laparoscope placed in it, and another into the abdominal cavity below the pubic hairline with a 5 mm laparoendoscopic clipper placed in it. The operation procedure was similar to that of standard laparoscopic ligation of spermatic veins, with reservation of the spermatic artery and double-ligation of spermatic veins. And the procedure was repeated for the contralateral lesion in the bilateral cases. Postoperative follow-up was conducted for the incidences of orchiatrophy and testicular hydrocele and changes of seminal parameters.

RESULTSAll the operations were successful, with the mean operation time of (10 +/- 5.0) min (range 8 to 25 min) for the unilateral cases and (18 +/- 6.5) min (range 15 to 30 min) for the bilateral cases, the mean blood loss of (1.5 +/- 0.5) ml (range 1 to 2 ml), and the mean postoperative hospital stay of (2 +/- 0.5) d (range 1.5 to 3 d). The patients were followed up for 6 -24 (12 +/- 2.5) months, which showed significant improvement in sperm motility as compared with the baseline ([28.53 +/- 5.21] vs [19.62 +/- 3.56]%, P < 0.05), with 28 cases (35.0%) restored to normal. Recurrence was found in 4 cases (5.0%). Testicular hydrocele occurred in 7 cases (8.75%), but orchiatrophy in none. The scars in the umbilicus and suprapubis were invisible because of the wrinkles and pubic hair.

CONCLUSIONSAU-LEMDS is safe, effective and feasible for the treatment of varicocele. It is superior to umbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (U-LESS) for its less invasiveness, simpler operation, and better cosmetic appearance.

Adult ; Asthenozoospermia ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Length of Stay ; Ligation ; methods ; Male ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Period ; Recurrence ; Spermatic Cord ; blood supply ; Testicular Hydrocele ; etiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Umbilicus ; Varicocele ; surgery ; Veins

OBJECTIVETo compare brain lead accumulation and neurotoxicity induced by lead under drinking purified water and tap water on rat.

METHODSAll 104 male weaning SD rats were randomly divided into eight groups, matched-four pairs according to drinking water: tap water, purified water, tap water with lead 50 mg/L(lead acetate water-solution), purified water with lead 50 mg/L, tap water with lead 200 mg/L, purified water with lead 200 mg/L, tap water with lead 800 mg/L. All were fed with normal food and environmental cognitions kept consistent Morris water maze(including Place Navigation, Spatial Probe Test, Visible Platform Trial) was measured to test rat spatial learning at the 12 and 24 week. At the end of the experiment (28 week), rats were killed and the lead of brain and blood was measured by Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method; the NR1, NR2A, NR2B of NMDAR (N-methyl-D-aspartame receptor) in hippocampus were analyzed by RT-PCR.

RESULTSUnder the same lead exposure, no significant differences were observed in blood lead, however, brain lead level showed higher in drinking purified water group than that in tap water group. Expression of NR1, NR2A and NR2B in hippocampus of the rats drinking purified water was lower than those drinking tap water, especially at low lead exposure (50 mg/L) (P < 0.05). In the 24 week Morris water maze, place navigation test's escape latency showed significantly prolonged at the rats drinking purified water as compared with those drinking tap water on the pairs of 50 mg/L and 200 mg/L pb2+ groups (P < 0.05), and the differences occurred in early 1-2 days.

CONCLUSIONCompared with drinking tap water, drinking purified water might increase the accumulation of brain lead, lower NR1, NR2A, NR2B expression and delay the spatial learning and memory ability under chronic lead exposure in water.

Animals ; Drinking ; Intelligence ; drug effects ; Lead ; toxicity ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; N-Methylaspartate ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo study the efficacy and safety of multimodal prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism for hip fractures.

METHODSFrom March 2009 to July 2011, preoperatively, patients were assigned to two groups on the basis of an assessment of their risk factors. One hundred and twelve patients were considered to be low risk, involving 47 males and 65 females,with an average age of (72.40 +/- 13.29) years ranging from 42 to 88,and were managed with aspirin (100 mg once daily for 14 days) as well as intermittent gasing compression devices. Twenty-six patients were considered to be high risk, involving 12 males and 14 females with an average age of (78.50 +/- 12.76) years ranging from 65 to 84,and were managed with low-molecular-weight heparin (0.4 ml,subcutaneous injection once daily for 14 days) and intermittent gasing compression. All patients were underwent Doppler ultrasonography within 24 hours before hospital discharge. All patients were followed-up for 3 months postoperatively. The incidence of deep venous thrombosis of lower limb, pulmonary embolism, gastrointestinal hemorrhage were recorded.

RESULTSOverall, there were no fatal pulmonary embolism, 1 case of symptomatic pulmonary emboli in low risk group, and none were detected in the high-risk group. Deep venous thrombosis was detected in association with 6 (6.25%) of the 112 procedures in the low-risk group and 2 (7.69%) of the 26 operations in the high-risk group. Paitents were selected in opened reduction and internal fixation, the quantity of bleeding, decrease of hemoglobin, hematoma rate, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage rate of low risk group were (538.10 +/- 390.20) ml, (30 +/- 19) g/L, 0, and 1 (1.03%) respectively; those of the high-risk group were (585.95 +/- 403.96) mL, (32 +/- 20) g/L,1 (4.76%), (4.76%), there were no significant different between the two groups, all P > 0.05.

CONCLUSIONThere were no statistic significances between the aspirin as well as intermittent gasing compression devices and the low-molecular-weight heparin and intermittent gasing compression in preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in postoperative postoperative venous thromboembolism for hip fractures. However, there are potential advantages to reduce complications of bleeding and cardiovascular disease. Multimodal prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism can protect postoperative patients with hip fractures.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Risk ; Venous Thromboembolism ; prevention & control

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Recovery of Function ; Tibial Fractures ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Young Adult