Many controversies and unanswered questions surround AIS(adolescent idiopathic scoliosis),the most difficult one is the absence of information about its aetiopathogenesis.Although bracing has been regarded as the standard of care for patients at a high risk of progression,it has never been subjected to rigorous assessment of either its efficacy or effectiveness.With respect to surgical management,although technology has greatly increased the safety with which we can correct spinal deformity and preserve spinal balance,long-term results of these changing methods of management are absent.Surgery can reduce deformity and prevent further progression;thereby decreasing the risk of future cardiopulmonary compromise,but its role in the prevention of other negative long-term effects of scoliosis is not clear.In this paper we discuss present notions about aetiopathogenesis,natural history,non-operative treatment,and surgery.

The compositions and contents of fatty acids in the meat and viscera in Chlamys ferreri near Yantai seacoast, Shandong Province were studied in detail. The result showed that the contents of the unsaturated fatty acids in the meat and wastes were 65. 0% and 66. 2%, respectively. Moreover, the contents of the polyunsaturated fatty acids and EPA+DHA were 55. 1% and 37. 5% in the meat, respectively. The contents in the viscera were 48. 8% and 22. 2%, respectively.

Objective To observe the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on cognitive function in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.Methods The animal model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was established in 30 Sprague-Dawley rats by surgically induced bilateral common caroid artery stenosis,who were then divided into a control group and a treatment group.The rats in the treatment group were administered with 20 Hz rTMS 4 weeks postoperation for 7days.Another 10 rat subject to sham operation served as blank controls.The cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze (MWM) at the time points of 2nd,3rd,4th and 5th days after ending of the 4 weeks of tretment.The morphologic changes of hippocampus neurons were observed with HE staining.The apoptosis was examined by TUNEL,the expression of Bcl-2 or Bax protein was determined using immnunohistochemistry assay.Results At all the time points the MWM escape latency in the rTMS group was shorter than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).The percentage of crossing the corresponding platform during the same time period in platform quadrant in the rTMS group was significant higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group,the treatment group demonstrated significantly decreased percentage of neuronal apoptosis (P ＜0.05),as well as increased expression of Bcl-2 protein (P ＜0.01) and reduced expression of Bax protein (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion rTMS can improve the cognitive dysfunction in rats caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,probably through inhibiting neuronal apoptosis in hippocampus region.

Crowns ; Dentures ; Humans

Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Prostatic Diseases ; therapy ; Urinary Calculi ; therapy ; Urologic Neoplasms ; therapy

Zebrafish has been widely used as an important model system in research fields of genetic and develop -mental biology over the past 20 years.Similar to the mammalians and other vertebrate animals , zebrafish also has various tissue barriers.In recent years, more and more important progress of tissue barrier studies have been achieved using ze -brafish as in vivo model, such as blood-brain barrier.These findings contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of diseases caused by the disorders of physiological barriers .It also helps with the modulation of the permeability of tissue bar-riers for drug delivery .This review summaries recent progress of zebrafish applications in the study of tissue barriers , such as blood-brain barrier, blood-retina barrier, epidermal barrier, etc.

Objective To investigate the anti-oxidation effects of compound Chinese medicine of Yiqiling,on the spon- taneously hypertensive rats(SHR) and to explore the new target for improving the prognosis of hypertension.Method SHR were randomly divided into 2 groups:Yiqiling group and the control group.The serum content of malondiadehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD),and the urine content of 8-iso prostaglandin F2?(8-isoPGF2?) in two groups were measured.Examination of the gene expression profile was analyzed by using cDNA microarray.Three of the anti-oxidation genes were selected to undergo RT-PCR and quantitative real-time PCR.Results The 8-isoPGF2?urine level and MDA serum level were lower,and SOD serum level was higher in Yiqiling group than those in the control group,the differences of the above indexes had statistical significance.In Yiqiling group the expression of 354 genes was up-regulated and that of 121 genes was down-regulated in comparison with the control group.The results of the Hsphl,Hspca and Pam genes detected by RT-PCR and quantitative real-time PCR were consistent with those detected by the microarray examination.Conclusion Yiqiling has anti-oxidation effects and improvement on the prognosis of SHR,and its possible mechanism is related with the regulation of Hsphl,Hspca and Pam genes expression.

Objective To discuss the influence of conbercept intraocular injection to vitrectomy on diabetic retinopathy.Methods patients (100 cases) with diabetic retinopathy were divided into two groups according to whether use intraocular injection drug or not.The injection group (49 cases) was given conbercept intraocular injection before vitrectomy.The control group (51 cases) was only given vitrectomy.The influence of conbercept intraocular injection to vitrectomy on diabetic retinopathy was evaluated by surgery,prognosis,visual acuity before and after surgery.Results The surgery time of the injection group was shorter than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).There were six bleeding cases in the injection group and 20 cases in the control group.The number of bleeding of injection group was shorter than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).In addition,the electric coagulation,silicone oil use,iatrogenic macular holes number of injection group was smaller than of that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).During 1 month follow-up,the number of small bleeding and large bleeding cases of injection group was smaller than of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical significance on vision between two groups.After 1 month surgery,the vision of two groups were increased.And the vision of injection group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In summary,conbercept intraocular injection could help vitrectomy.It could reduce the difficulty of surgery and shorten the surgery time.It could reduce the bleeding symptoms during and after surgery.It could improve the vision of patients.

Arterioportal shunt often occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma of advanced stage, with obvious decrease of the survival rate. The proper management of arterioportal shunt correlates directly with patient's prognosis. This comprehansive article reviews the interventional management of arterioportal shunt for hepatic carcinoma from literatures during recent years. (J Intervent Radiol, 2006, 15: 312-314)

AIM:To study the prepartion of Ruanganxiaoshui Cataplasma and it's percutaneous absorption in vitro as well as dissolvability in vitro. METHODS: In the experiment,orthogonal test was used to optimize the preparation.Meanwhile,with the help of azole and propylene alcohol the percutaneous absorption of ginsenoside Rg_1 from the cataplasma carriers in vitro was determined by Franz's diffusion cell and HPLC,as well as dissolution rate in vitro. RESULTS: The percutaneous absorption rate of ginsenoside Rg_1 through rat skin in vitro was 0.394 ?g/cm~2/h.And the dissolution process fitted to first order model. CONCLUSION: The Cataplasma carriers possess a good drug dissolution property.To add compound penetration enhancers is one of the effective methods for raising percutaneous absorption.