Objective:To study the ischemic myocardial angiogenesis induced by electrical stimulation below contraction threshold.Methods:24 infarcted rats were given electrical stimulation below contraction threshold for 5 days with 10Hz,15Hz,25Hz,50Hz stimulus frequencies.12 other infarcted rats were electrically stimulated with effective stimulus frequency which induced myoardial angiogenesis and treated with VEGF neutralizing antiboby,L-NAME for 5 days.Capillary density(CD),activity of NOS,expression of VEGF mRNA and protein,were detected.Results:CD,activity of NOS,expression of VEGFmRNA and protein in ischemic myocardium were significantly augmented in the 25Hz group compared with the other groups.CD and activity of NOS in ischemic myocardium significantly decreased in 25Hz+VEGF neutralizing antibody group compared with that of the 25Hz group.CD in ischemic myocardium significantly decreased in the 25Hz+L-NAME group compared with that of the 25Hz group,but expression of VEGF mRNA and protein were in the absence of changes the 2 groups.Conclusion:Myocardial angiogenesis induced by electrical stimulation below contraction threshold at 25Hz frequeney is dependent on the expression of VEGF.Nitric oxide can mediate mitogenic effect of VEGF on capillary endothelial cells.

Induced pluripotent stem(iPS)-cell technology is a great breakthrough in stem cell research field in recent years, it is not only injecting new vitality for the research of reprogramming of somatic cell, but also bringing a new dawn to the study of mechanism of disease and development of regenerative medicine. As key issues of iPS-cell technology, the study of iPS cell induction system has progressed in the composition of transcription factor, gene delivery, as well as induction efficiency. In this article, research advance of iPS cell induction system in recent years is reviewed and the prospect is discussed as well.

Background Coronary slow flow(CSF)phenomenon is characterized by delayed opacification of coronary vessels in normal coronary angiogram.Although clinical and pathological features have been previously described,its pathogenesis remains unclear.Objective To explore the risk factors related to coronary slow flow.Methods Thirty three patients with documented coronary slow flow which were defined according to TIMI frame count method(TFC)and 33 patients with normal coronary flow were enrolled.Clinical data and biochemical parameters were determined.Results Baseline data analysis showed that CSF group had higher baseline level of platelets count [(149.2?41.5)?109 vs(128.1?38.7)?109,P=0.037] and serum uric acid [(328.1?85.2)vs(282.8?82.4)?mol/L,P=0.032],while other variables were similar between the two groups.After adjustment for BMI,total cholesterol,urea,logistic regression showed that blood platelets count(?2=8.350,?=0.026,P=0.004),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(?2=4.920,?=0.289,P=0.026)and serum uric acid level(?2=5.305,?=0.009,P=0.021)were independent predictors for CSF.Conclusion These data suggest that elevated blood platelets count,2-hour postprandial blood glucose and serum uric acid level may predisposed to coronary slow flow.

Objective To investigate the modulation of electrophysiological properties of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels(HCN) HCN1 and HCN2 by transfecting MinK-related peptide 1(MiRP1) in Chinese hamster ovarian(CHO) cells.Methods CHO cells were co-transfected with plasmid DNA encoding either of the cardiac HCN isoforms(HCN1,HCN2) with MiRP1 to observe the effect of MiRP1 on HCN whole-cell currents.Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record the 2 channel currents of the transfected cells.Results MiRP1 significantly increased whole-cell current density of HCN2 [(37.8?4.8) pA/pF(n=11) vs control(25.9?1.7) pA/pF(n=10);at-140 mV,P0.05].Moreover,MiRP1 accelerated the activation kinetic of HCN1 [tau(180.9?8.6) ms vs control(306.1?45.6) ms;at-80 mV,P

Objective To investigate the effects of pravastatin on the expressions of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel subunits,HCN2 and HCN4 of right ventricular after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats MI model was induced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery,and then 20 MI rats were randomly and equally divided into 24-hour group,1-week group,4-week group and pravastatin group (20 mg?kg-1?d-1 for 4 weeks by gavage). Another 5 rats served as sham-operation group. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to measure the mRNA and protein expressions of HCN2 and HCN4 in the heart tissues of each group. Results The mRNA and protein expressions of HCN2,and mRNA expression of HCN4 were up-regulated in 4-week group and pravastatin group compared with sham-operation group. The expression of HCN2 in pravastatin group were markedly attenuated compared with 4-week group. The protein expression of HCN4 was not detected in all groups. Conclusion The expression of HCN2 and HCN4 were up-regulated in myocardial infarction rats. Pravastatin may reverse the up-regulated expressions of HCN2 at mRNA and protein levels.

Objective To explore the effect of xanthine oxidase inhibitors allopurinol on collagen remodeling of non-infarcted myocardium after myocardial infarction in rats.Methods Myocardial infarction models were produced by ligation of anterior descending coronary artery.The survivals were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham operation group, MI group and allopurinol group(50 mg/kg).On the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day respectively, the collagen content were examined. The type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen volume fraction(CVF) and Ⅰ/Ⅲ ratio in non-infarcted zones(NIZ) were examined with PSR staining, mRNA expressions were detected with RT-PCR, the activities of xanthine oxidase(XO) and O—?2,?OH-scavenging in NIZ were examined by colorimetry.In addition, the expression of XO protein by Western blotting analysis and pathological change in LV were detected on the 28th day.ResultsCompared with sham group,the mRNA expressions, CVF of typeⅠand type Ⅲ collagen in NIZ were increased in MI group.The typeⅠ/Ⅲ ratio in NIZ was increased after decreased.The collagen content and activity of XO were boosted but the activities of O—?2,?OH-scavenging were decreased(P

Objective To explore the effect of xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats after myocardial infarction(MI).Methods MI model was established by the ligation of anterior descending coronary artery.The survivors were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation group(n=5),MI group(n=16) and allopurinol group(n=15,receiving allopurinol 50 mg?kg-1? d-1).After 28 days,the infarct size was measured.In non-infarcted zone(NIZ),cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected by TUNEL;the expression of Fas was detected by immunohistochemistry;the expressions of xanthine oxidase(XO) and caspase 3 were detected by Western blot.In addition,the activities of XO and ?O-2,?OH-scavenging in NIZ were detected by colorimetry.Results Compared with sham operation group,the apoptosis index and expressions of Fas,XO,caspase 3 in NIZ were significantly increased in MI group.The activity of XO was increased but the activities of ?O-2 and ?OH-scavenging were decreased(P0.05).Conclusion Allopurinol could inhibit the cardiomyocyte apoptosis in NIZ in rats.The protective mechanism of allopurinol involves the reduction of reactive oxygen species and depression of the expressions of Fas and caspase 3.

PURPOSE: To know whether the cardiac function of the patients with heart disease is impaired or improved after long-term taking ?-AR antagonists. METHODS: After giving the rats ?-AR selective antagonist, atenolol, for 12wk, the method of radioligand binding assay and the experiment of isolated left-atrium contractive function were carried out to observe the quantity and distribution of ?-AR, its subtypes, ?-AR, and the change of left - atrium contractive function. RESULTS: After long-term administration of atenolol, there were no any obvious changes in ?-AR, the density of the total ?-AR, ?1-AR, and the proportion of ?2-AR in tota1 amount of ?-AR, but the con centrat ion - response cu rves shi fted l e ftwa rd s si gn ifi cant ly as compared with control group- The PA2 value of isoprotenol(ISO) - induced positive inotropic effect after antagonized by ?1-AR selective antagonist CGP20712A in atenolol group was increased significantly as compared with control group. But the PKB value after antagonized by ICI 118511 showed no obvious difference between two groups. HPLC detection showed that the level of plasma atenolol was 3. 5pmol/L in atenolol group and the leveIs of plasma norepinephrine had no significant difference between two groups. But the level of plasma adrenaline in atenolol group was obviously lower than that in control group. CONCLUSIO- N: The long-term administration of ?l-AR antagonist will cause significant increase of the sensitivity of heart ?-AR, especially ?1-AR to excitant ISO. But the number of ?-AR and its subtypes did not change significantly. Besides, after the long-term administration of ?1-AR antagonist atenolol, the level of plasma adrenaline in rats was much lower than that in control group.

Objective To evaluate the surgical techniques and clinical efficacy of retroperitoneoscopic ligation of renal lymphatic vessels outside adipose capsule and inside adipose capsule for comparison in the treatment of chyluria.Methods Retrospective anal-ysis of the retroperitoneal laparoscopic adipose capsule of kidney pedicle lymphatic duct ligation(group Ⅰ)and adipose capsule pathways in the kidney totally or subtotally free renal pedicle lymphatic ligation(group Ⅱ)and 1 1 1 patients with chyluria clinical data,compared two groups of operation time,bleeding volume,the rate of analgesia,postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery time,drainage time,postoperative recovery time,postoperative hospital stay and postoperative complications and other index differ-ence.Results Retroperitoneal laparoscopic operation group of adipose capsule in operation time,bleeding volume,postoperative an-algesia,postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery time,drainage time,postoperative recovery time,postoperative hospital stay and postoperative complications were better than the adipose capsule of kidney totally or subtotally free operation group,the differ-ence was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal adipose capsule of kidney pedicle lym-phatic disconnection for the treatment of chyluria effect,and adipose capsule operation ways,the method less trauma,quicker recov-ery,can completely replace the renal adipose capsule total or Sub-total of free kidney pedicle lymphatic disconnection operation,wor-thy of clinical application.

Objective To observe the incidence of fragmented QRS complex (fQRS)and ST Segment depression fQRS (STD fQRS)during the first 48 hours after non-ST elevation myocardial infarction(NSTE MI)and discuss the value of predicting mortality in patients with NSTE MI .Methods Based on the ECGs ,the patients with NSTE MI were divided into two groups :fQRS and non fQRS group .And then fQRS group was divided into two sub-groups :STD fQRS and non-STD fQRS group .Their mortality was studied during long-term follow-up .Results (1)731 patients with NSTE ACS [the NSTE MI group(n=609) and the UA group(n=122)] were studied .The incidence of fQRS in the NSTE MI group was higher than that of the UA group .(2)All cause mortality in the fQRS group were higher than that in the non-fQRS group ,and all-cause mortality in the STD fQRS group were higher than that in the non-STD fQRS group ,all the above results were not only in the early stages of NSTE MI ,but also in the long term fol-low-up .(3) Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that STD fQRS was an independent significant predictor for all cause mortality ,but not of the fQRS .Conclusion The STD fQRS may be an independent predictor of mortality in patients with NSTE MI .