Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2/neu) is an important prognostic predictor and the key predictor of anti-HER-2 therapy of breast cancer. Accurate testing of HER-2 status for breast cancer patients is important in clinical practice. As of this writing, the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the College of American Pathologists recommend three methods for HER-2 detection, namely, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and bright-field in situ hybridization. The abovementioned methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. New methods, such as multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and RNA in situ hybridization, are currently applied to detect HER-2 status. New technologies not only make up for the shortcomings of routine methods but also have unique benefits that can meet the demands for HER-2 testing of some breast cancer patients. Thus, these methods are promising for clinical applications and can improve clinical diagnosis and treatment. The characteristics, advantages, and drawbacks of these technologies are introduced and reviewed in this paper.

Objective To ascertain the optimum condition for extracting Rhizoma polygoni cuspidati and Radix angelicae sinensis with alcohol. Method With extract yield and the amount of polydatin as index,the primary factors of affecting the extraction were optimized. Result The optimum extraction condition was as follows:taking 60% alcohol as solvent,the meterials were refluxed and extracted two times with 10 and 8 times volume of alcohol for 1.5 h and 1.0 h,respectively. Conclusion The optimum extraction process provides an experimental basis for industrial production.

Objective To study the mechanism of carvedilol therapy of congestive heart failure. Methods After chronic heart failure model was established by ligation of the left coronary artery in rats, rats were treated with carvedilol and terazosin. Then hemodynamic parameters, activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum(SR) Ca 2+ pump(SERCA 2a ) and the rate of cardiomyocyte apoptosis were determined. Results Compared with those of the control group( group C), the activity of SR Ca 2+ pump in the heart failure group(group F) decreased( P 0.05). Carvedilol intervention reduced the rate of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, but enhanced the activity of SR Ca 2+ pump significantly in dose dependent manner. The activity of SR Ca 2+ pump was negatively correlated with the rate of cardiomyocyte apoptosis( r =-0.814, P

Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Benzimidazoles ; therapeutic use ; Hypertension ; blood ; drug therapy ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; blood ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Tetrazoles ; therapeutic use ; Urotensins ; blood

Objective To evaluate intra-myocardial electrocardiography(IMEG) for rejection monitoring in transplanted heart.Methods The electrode was anchored in the transplanted right ventricular wall during operation in all patients,and the electrode was connected to the permanent pacemaker to monitor the change of QRS wave in IMEG after the operation.Results The average of R wave amplitude was not decreased after operation in 4 patients who were alive with good quality of life.1 patient died of acute renal failure 8 days after operation.Conclusion IMEG can be used for long time monitoring the rejection after non invasive heart transplantation and reduce the need of endomyocardial biopsy(EMB).

BACKGROUND: Some researches suggest that improvement of motor function is closely related to cognitive function. The better the cognitive status is, the better the recovery of motor function is. Early evaluation of cognitive function can predict prognosis of motor function and improve generalized ability, social communication abilities and quality of life (QOL).OBJECTIVE: To observe the correlation of cognitive function in hemiplegia and aphasia and analyze the prognostic factor of early cognitive dysfunction in patients with acute stroke.DESIGN: Contrast study.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Taian Central Hospital; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University.PARTICIPANTS: Fifty patients with acute stroke were enrolled from Neurological Department of Taian Central Hospital and Neurological Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University from January 2002 to May 2005. They were 32 males and 18 females aged 34-78 years. All patients were coincidence with the Diagnostic Criteria of Acute Stroke established by the Fourth National Cerebrovascular Diseases Meeting and diagnosed with CT or MRI. Patients were told about the evaluation in details. Among them, 44 patients had hemiplegia, including 30 males and 14 females aged 34-78 years; 30 had aphasia, including 17 males and 13 females aged 34-78 years; 20 had non-aphasia, including 14 males and 6 females aged 38-70 years.METHODS: ① Aphasia was tested with Western Aphasia Battery (WAB).Aphasic quotient of ＜ 93.8 was regarded as aphasia; otherwise, it was regarded as non-aphasia. ② Motor function was evaluated with Fugl-Meyer (FMA).Motor function of upper and lower limbs was scored as 100 in total. The higher the points were, the better the motor function was. ③ Cognitive function was evaluated with Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA), which contained 4 items (orientation, perceptibility, visual-motor organization and thinking ability) and 22 subtests in total. The higher the points were, the better the cognitive function was. Functional evaluation started at half-month treatment onset. Intergroup comparison of their mean value was tested using Student's test and one-way analysis of variance.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Correlation between cognitive function and hemiplegia; ② correlation between cognitive function and aphasia.RESULTS: Fifty patients with acute stroke were all involved in the final analysis. ① Correlation between cognitive function and hemiplegia: Scores of orientation, perception, visual-motor organization and cognitive function of 44 patients with hemiplegia were positive positively correlated with FMA scores of motor function (r=0.534, 0.598, 0.500, 0.548, P ＜ 0.01); however,scores of thinking ability was not correlated with FMA scores of motor function (r=0.310, P ＞ 0.05). ② Correlation between cognitive function and aphasia: Scores of orientation, perception, visual-motor organization, thinking operation and cognitive function of patients with aphasia were (4.60±2.37), (15.10±6.02), (14.00±6.93), (12.33±6.77), (1.83±1.09) points,which were lower than those of patients with non-aphasia (7.30±1.08),(23.20±1.11), (24.25±4.08), (24.20±5.43), (3.50±0.76) points (t=5.44 to7.197, P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The more severe the cognitive dysfunction is, the more severe the hemiplegia is. Cognitive function in stroke patients with aphasia is significantly reduced.

Congresses as Topic ; Otolaryngology

Objective To explore the severity of toxicity reaction after treated by the sequential chemoradio-therapy,alternate chemoradiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy in limited -stage small cell lung cancer. Methods 63 cases of limited -stage small cell lung cancer were reviewed,according to the chemoradiotherapy order,all cases were divided into:sequential chemoradiotherapy 15 cases,alternate chemoradiotherapy 25 cases, concurrent chemoradiotherapy 23 cases.The correlation of the factors(leukocypenia,gastrointestinal reaction,pneumo-nia,esophagitis)with different treatment groups after treated in 2 months,4 months,6 months were analyzed.Results Three groups of all the factors treated in 2 months had no significant change(χ2 =0.275,0.051,0.513,1.215, 0.051,0.231,all P >0.05).In 4 months the cases of sequential chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastrointestinal reaction,the pneumonia and the esophagitis were 33.3%,33.3%,0.0%,0.0%;In the cases of alternate chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastrointestinal reaction,the pneumonia and the esophagitis were 16.0%,4.0%,16.0%,0.0%;In the cases of concurrent chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastroin-testinal reaction,the pneumonia and the esophagitis were 52.2%,34.8%,34.8%,4.3%;>or =2 myelosuppres-sion,each level gastrointestinal reaction and the pneumonia of the three groups treated were statistically significant (χ2 =7.054,9.702,7.947,6.145,7.373,all P <0.05).In 6 months the cases of sequential chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastrointestinal reaction,the pneumonia and the esophagitis were 26.7%,13.3%,13.3%, 0.0%;In the cases of alternate chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastrointestinal reaction,the pneu-monia and the esophagitis were 40.0%,56.0%,12.0%,0.0%;In the cases of concurrent chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastrointestinal reaction,the pneumonia and the esophagitis were 69.6%,65.2%,43.5%,0.0%;each level myelosuppression,>or =2 gastrointestinal reaction and the pneumonia of the three groups treated were statistically significant(χ2 =6.174,7.663,10.544,6.286,all P <0.05).Conclusion Leukopenia and gastrointestinal reaction are closely related with chemotherapy,chemoradiotherapy results in the worsen of myelosuppression.Pneumonia and esophagitis are closely related with chemotherapy,chemoradiotherapy result in the worsen of radiation pneumonitis.

Objective To construct a adenovirus vector containing human NRP-1 gene and 3Flag gene to interaction between tumor and interstitial cell.Methods Plasmid containing NRP-1 gene was digested by AgeⅠand NheⅠ restriction endonuclease.Then the DNA was ligated into linearized pDC315-3Flag vector.After having been constructed,the pDC3 1 5-NRP-1-3 Flag plasmid was co-transfected with framework plasmid pBHGlox△E1 , 3Cre into HEK 293 cells to obtain the homologous recombinant adenovirus,which was then amplified and purified its titer tested.Expression of NRP-1 protein was detected using Western blot.Results Polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analysis confirmed that the shuttle plasmid pDC3 1 5-NRP-1-3 Flag and design were consistent. Cytopathic effect was observed by inverted phase contrast after transfecting HEK2 9 3 cells with shuttle plasmid pDC315-NRP-1-3Flag.95-130 ku was detected by Western lot after transfecting HEK293 cells with shuttle plasmid pDC315-NRP-1-3Flag and recombinant adenovirus,the size being consistent with the NRP-1-3Flag fusion protein (104 ku),with a titer of 2.00E+11PFU/mL.Conclusion The recombinant adenovirus vector for human NRP-1 gene was successfully constructed expressed in HEK 2 9 3 cells.

Objective To explore the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and fluoxetine on depression and cognition in the treatment of post-stroke depression (PSD).Methods A total of 82 PSD patients were divided into a treatment group and a control group using a random number table.Besides conventional neurological therapy,the treatment group was treated with rTMS combined with fluoxetine,while the control group was treated only with fluoxetine.Forty healthy persons acted as normal controls.The Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) was used to evaluate depressed emotions,and event-related potential (ERP) P300 and exploratory eye movement (EEM) were used to evaluate cognitive function.The three groups were tested before treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment.Results After 8 weeks of treatment the HAMD scores in both the treatment and control groups had decreased significantly compared with before treatment.The HAMD scores decreased significantly more in the treatment group than in the control group.Before treatment,the N2 and P3 iatencies of P300 in the treatment and control groups were significant longer than those in the normal group,and the average amplitude of P3 in the treatment and control groups was significantly lower than among the normal controls.Before treatment,the number of eye fixations (NEF) and the average responsive search score (RSS) in the treatment group and control groups were significantly lower than in the normal group.After 8 weeks after treatment,the N2 and P3 latencies were significantly shorter and the amplitude of P3 was significantly higher in the treatment and control groups than before treatment.The NEF and the average RSS in the treatment and control groups had increased significantly compared with before treatment.All of these indexes improved significantly more in the treatment group than in the control group.Conclusion rTMS combined with fluoxetine can improve depression and cognitive function among PSD patients better than antidepressant treatment alone.