Objective To evaluate the effect of melatonin on postoperative apoptosis in hippocampal cells of aged rats undergoing surgery under isoflurane anesthesia.Methods Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 18 months, weighing 550-610 g, were randomized into 5 groups (n=12 each) using a random number table: control group (group C), 2％ isofiurane anesthesia group (group I), 2％ isoflurane + melatonin group (group IM), surgery group (group S), and surgery + melatonin group (group SM).Group IM inhaled 2％ isoflurane for 4 h.Group S inhaled 2％ isoflurane for 4 h, and then back surgery was performed.In IM and SM groups, melatonin 10 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally everyday for 7 consecutive days before anesthesia, while the equal volume of normal saline was given in C, I and S groups.The cognitive function was assessed using the Morris water maze test on 2nd after anesthesia.The escape latency, space exploration time spent at the original platform quadrant, and frequency of crossing the original platform were recorded.After the end of the Morris water maze test, the rats were sacrificed on that day, and the hippocampi were isolated for detection of the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 by Western blot.Bcl-2/Bax ratio was calculated.Results Compared with group C, the escape latency was significantly prolonged on days 1-3 after anesthesia in group I, the escape latency was significantly prolonged, the space exploration time spent at the original platform quadrant was shortened,and the frequency of crossing the original platform was decreased on days 1-3 after operation in group S,and the expression of caspase-3 and Bax was significantly up-regulated, the expression of Bcl-2 was downregulated, and Bcl-2/Bax ratio was decreased in I and S groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group I, theescape latency was significantly shortened on days 1-3 after anesthesia (P ＜ 0.05) , and no significant change was found in the expression of caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax, and Bcl-2/Bax ratio in group IM (P＞ 0.05).Compared with group S, the escape latency was significantly shortened, the space exploration time spent at the original platform quadrant was prolonged, and the frequency of crossing the original platform was increased on days 3-5 after operation, the expression of caspase-3 and Bax was significantly downregulated, the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated, and Bcl-2/Bax ratio was increased in group SM (P＜0.05).Conclusion Melatonin can inhibit apoptosis in hippocampal cells and improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged rats undergoing isoflurane anesthesia.

AIM:To investigate the gene expression profile of human lung squamous cell carcinoma in early stage.METHODS:The mRNA was extracted from cancer tissue and normal lung tissue.The mixed probes were labeled and hybridized with chip containing 480 carcinoma related genes,then analyzed by SuperArray Image software to study the gene expression patterns in lung squamous cell carcinoma.RESULTS:192 genes associated with lung squamous cell carcinogenesis were found,which were grouped into transporter,adhesion molecules,cytoskeleton proteins,transcription regulator,genes associated with metabolism and immune response according to functions.127 gens were positive to lung squamous cell carcinogenesis and 65 genes were negative to lung squamous cell carcinogenesis.CONCLUSION:The screen of gene expression profile of human lung squamous cell carcinoma provides valuable information for the research of molecular mechanism of the lung squamous cell carcinogenesis.

Objective To investigate the level of the clinical nurses' critical thinking disposition and the competence about nursing ethical decision making,and analyze the relationship between them.Methods A total of 359 clinical nurses were recruited by stratified random sampling method.They were investigated with general situation questionnaire,critical thinking disposition inventory-Chinese version (CTDI-CV) and judgment about nursing decisiors(JAND).Results The total score of CTDI-CV was (285.06±26.79),the total score of JAND was(267.91±16.62).The influencing factors of clinical nurses' competence about nursing ethical decision making was education background,ways of obtaining occupational knowledge,training of nursing ethical decision.The clinical nurses' competence about nursing ethical decision making was positively correlated with critical thinking disposition.Conclusions The level of clinical nurses' critical thinking disposition and competence about nursing ethical decision making are medium,in order to improve the level of competence about nursing ethical decision making,both school education and the continue education among hospital should strengthen the training of nurses' critical thinking disposition.

Objective To study the application value of 5S management for the instrument management in ENT department.Methods Totally 20 instrument nurses in ENT department implementing 5S management were enrolled into an observation group,and another 20 nurses using conventional management method were involved in a control group.The two groups were compared on instrument management quality and instrument nursing management satisfaction.Results The observation group had the qualification rate of sampled sterile items,qualification rate of instrument packaging,qualification rate of instrument cleaning,efficiency of instrument application,instrument preparedness,standardized instrument allocation,intact rate of prepared instrument as well as the familiarity with instrument management and operation significantly better than those in the control group (P＜0.05).The time consumed for adding instrument,finding instrument,environment arrangement and finding expired goods in the observation group was statistically shorter than that in the control group (P＜0.05).The times of instrument set repeated disinfection in the observation group was obviously less than those in the control group (P＜0.05),and the satisfaction over nursing management in the observation group was also significantly better than that in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion 5S management gains high application values for instrument management in ENT department,and thus is worthy promoting clinically.

Objective: To extract and analyze the characteristics and rules of acupoints selection of the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome in acupuncture and moxibustion. Methods: The clinical literatures on acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of OAB published in the last 10 years (2017.01.01-2018.05.18) were retrieved in Chinese and English electronical database, and the characteristics and rules of acupoints selection in treating OAB were analyzed and summarized. Results: According to the inclusive exclusion criteria, a total of 18 articles were included, and acupuncture and moxibustion were used to treat the disease through statistical analysis. (1) The selected acupoints in the first four places of frequency are as follows: CV3 (8.3％), BL32 (8.3％), CV4 (8.3％), SP6 (8.3％); (2) The higher frequency of meridian is followed by bladder meridian of foot-taiyang (37), conception vessel (34), spleenmeridian of foot-Taiyin (14), stomach meridian of foot-Yangming (8); (3) The site of acupoints selection is mostly concentrated in abdomen parts (34.9％) and lumbosacral parts (32.1％); (4) Specific acupoint is mainly made of Rendezvous points (30.0％) Raise points (22.2％) and Besu acupoint (12.0％); (5) Prescription consists of 8-10 acupuncture points (55.6％) . Conclusion:Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of OAB is the method in which is mainly consisted of the CV3, BL32, CV4, SP6, in which is mainly a differentiation of meridian combined with viscera disease position, when selecting the prescription not only considering to adjust the function of zang-fu organs, but also aiming at critical pathological links. in which mainly take the main points according to distinguishing the disease and following the meridian, using the combination of local and distal points' extraction.

Objective To establish a simple and effective method for isolation and culture of mouse adipose-derived stem cells (mASCs)in vitro,in order to provide the sufficient sources of seed cells for the research of mesenchymal stem cells.Methods The mouse inguinal fat tissues were isolated in vitro and performed a digestion with 0.1% collagenase type NB4,then adipose-derived stem cells(ASCs)were seeded and adhered to the culture dishes in low glucose DMEM containing 10% fetal calf serum.The cellu-lar morphology,in vitro proliferation capacity,multidifferentiation potential and immunophenotype were assessed.Results The mASCs showed good cell morphology,extremely strong proliferation capacity and potential of adipogenesis,osteogenesis and chon-drogenesis via in vitro three-dimensional induction.The cellular surface antigen phenotype was consistent with that reported by lit-erature,and the expression of CD34 and CD105 was positive,Sca-1 was highly expressed,CD45 and SSEA-1 were not expressed. Conclusion Using the experimental methods in this research can culture the high purity of mASCs with the excellent stem cell properties and extremely strong proliferative ability.

This study aimed at investigating the effects of the extract of Chinese herb,Nansheteng (C.orbiculatus Thunb.),on human HepG2 cells through the overexpression of mTOR.The GV238-mTOR recombinant plasmids were transfected into HepG2 cells using molecular biological technology.The expression level of mTOR was evaluated by means of relative activity of luciferase and western blot.Human hepatic carcinoma HepG2/mTOR++ cells were treated with C.orbiculatus extract in different concentrations (20,40,80,160 and 320 tg·mL-1) for 24 h.The mTOR protein expression was detected by western blot.It was found that the protein expression of mTOR in transfected HepG2 cells was significantly enhanced.C.orbiculatus extract significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2/mTOR++ cells.Simultaneously,C.orbiculatus extract inhibited mTOR at its protein level in a dose-dependent manner.In conclusion,we successfully constructed recombinant mTOR cloning vectors,and established the stable HepG2 cell line with the overexpression of mTOR.Besides,C.orbiculatus extract significantly inhibited mTOR protein expression in human hepatic carcinoma HepG2 cells.

Objective To explore the protective effects of proanthocyanidins pretreatment on intestinal function after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group (group A, n=8), ischemia-reperfusion group (group B, n=8) and proanthocyanidins pretreatment group (group C, n=8). The model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats was established according to Longa's method. Group C was intraperitoneally injected with proanthocyanidins 10 mg/(kg ⋅ d), group A and group B were injected with normal saline for 5 consecutive days. 1 and 3 days after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, ileum myoelectric slow wave and smooth muscle contractility, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured, the content of the serum TNF-α was tested with ELISA kit, ileum tissues were tested with hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and used for measuring the moisture content. Results Compared with group B 1 and 3 days after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, the intestinal mucosa injury relieved, the intestinal mucosa score decreased (P<0.05) and the number of infiltrated inflammatory cell decreased in group C; the frequency of slow wave and contraction trended to increase (P>0.05), and the amplitude increased (P<0.05) in group C; the serum SOD activity increased (P<0.05), and the content of MDA and TNF-α decreased (P<0.01) in group C; the intestinal moisture content reduced (P<0.01) in group C. Conclusion Proanthocyanidins pretreatment can protect intestinal function from injury after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between the expression of galectin- 3 protein and peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer.

METHODThe expressions of galectin- 3 was detected in matching- samples including primary gastric cancer lesions,lymph node metastases,peritoneal metastases and paratumor normal tissues by immunohistochemistry. All specimens were gained from 35 patients who had synchronous peritoneal metastasis from gastric cancer.

RESULTSThe over- expression of galectin- 3 was observed in 97% (34/35) of the gastric cancer lesions, the peritoneal metastases and the lymph node metastases,whereas in 14% (5/35) of paratumor normal tissues. There were significant differences in the expression of galectin- 3 between paratumor normal tissues and the gastric carcinoma lesions,peritoneal metastases and lymph node metastases (P< 0.05),but there were no significant differences among the gastric cancer lesions,the peritoneal metastases,and the lymph node metastases (P> 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of galectin- 3 in gastric cancer lesions can be used as a biological marker of peritoneal metastasis from gastric cancer before operation and as a prognostic factor of gastric cancer.

Galectin 3 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective:To analyze associations of sedentary behavior and physical activity with dyslipidemia among residents in Wuhai city.Methods: Data about social demographic characteristics, life style, health status and other covariate required for analysis in this study was obtained from a cross-sectional study on a total of 11 497 18-79 years old residents in Wuhai City by questionnaire, body mea-surement and laboratory examination.In this study, sedentary behavior and physical activity were evaluated using international physical activity questionnaire long version (IPAQ).IPAQ is widely used all over the world, and its reliability and validity have been tested in Chinese population.2016 Chinese Guideline for the Management of Dyslipidemia in Adults was used to define dyslipidemia in this study.Results: According to IPAQ scoring protocol, 124 participants were excluded as a result of reporting more than 960 min of physical activity per day.50.58% of 11 373 participants included in the analysis reported more than 4 hours of sedentary behavior per day in this study, thus 49.42% participants reported no more than 4 hours of sedentary behavior per day;the proportions of these 11 373 participants who reached Low level physical activity, Moderate level physical activity and high level physical activity were 23.43%, 37.29% and 39.28% respectively;and the detection ratios of new cases and prevalent cases of dyslipidemia in Wuhai City were 20.46% and 16.13% respectively.After controlling for confounders in this study, we found out that sedentary behavior increased the risk of new cases of dyslipidemia in women (OR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.00-1.36), and increased the risk of prevalent cases of dyslipidemia in both men (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.02-1.44) and women (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.04-1.48);as for association of physical activity with dyslipidemia, association was found between high level physical activity and prevalent cases of dyslipidemia in men in this study (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.62-0.98), suggested that high level physical activity may help to reduce the risk of prevalent cases of dyslipidemia in men.Conclusion: Our results from this cross-sectional study in Wuhai City suggested that sedentary behavior increased the risk of dyslipidemia;by contrast, physical activity may help to reduce the risk of dyslipidemia.