The establishment of law of education clerical staff is of great significance to carry out scientific development concept,promote the institution governance by law,and provide legislative protection for the selection,appointment,employment, assessment, education and training of the institution administrators.

The Factors influencing graduate employment in higher education institutions include:employment markets,program structures and job-hunting intention.To solve the employment issues,the government,higher education institutions,units and graduates should work together.

It is a strategic choice for a country to build top universities for innovative talents and independent innovative products.Germany,South Korea,Japan and Chinese Taiwan and Mainland are taking great measures to build top universities.In comparison with Project 985 universities under the direct administration of the Ministry of Education of China and world top universities in their environment,research,teaching and disciplines,key construction strategy including integration of distinctive resources to build top university system should be kept up,core competency cultivation,proper development environment and major features should come into being,and scientific HEIs categories should be established in building top universities in China.

Objective To probe the transplantation of skeletal muscle satellite cells of new-born rats for repairing skeletal muscle contusions. Methods Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley adult rats were separated at random into experimental and control groups (including a normal saline control group and a normal control group). Contusions were created on the left hind legs of rats in the experimental group. The cells were cultured and antibodies were identified through immunocytochemical staining and fluorescence labeling. In the experimental group, 0.2 ml of a muscle satellite cell suspension was slowly injected into the medial and lateral heads of the right calf gastrocnemius. The normal saline control group was injected with an equal volume of normal saline solution at the same sites. On the 5th, 10th and 15th day after the operation, EMG wave-amplitude and wave-width were recorded. The recovery rate of the muscle's wet weight and the gray value of a muscle fiber transverse section were determined.Two-factors analysis of variance was performed on the data. Results Before transplantation the muscle satellite cells were bright red after staining and their nuclei were blue after fluorescence labeling. After the operation the number of cells fluorescing and the strength of the fluorescence gradually decreased. The transplanted cells formed myotubes, melted into the muscle tissue and gradually took part in the restoration. The stained muscle satellite cell nuclei were free in intercellular space and melted into the basement membrane gradually. The outlines of the muscle tissue became progressively clearer. EMGs showed the fibrillation potentials as well as positive sharp waves reduced, but they too tended to become similar to those from the normal side. Restoration of EMG wave-amplitude and wave-width in the experimental group was better than in the saline control group and close to those in the normalcontrol group. The gray value of the muscle fiber transverse section area under HE staining was significantly lower at the 5th day post transplantation in both the experimental group and the saline control group than in the normal control group. At the 10th and 15th days post transplantation, the average gray value in the experimental group had increased significantly more than in the saline control group, and it was close to the normal control group average. In the experimental group the recovery rate of muscle wet weight was close to 1, but in the saline control group it was less than 1. Conclusions Transplanting skeletal muscle satellite cells of new-born rats can produce evident effects in renovating injured muscles.

BACKGROUND:Scaffold materials are the important part of tissue engineering bone, and the ideal biodegradation speed of the scaffold materials can be in accordance with the regeneration speed of bone formation in order to achieve a long-term stability. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the biodegradability of different types of currently available scaffold materials and its relationship with bone formation. METHODS:The PubMed and CNKI database were searched by the first author using the key words of “tissue engineering bone, composite scaffold, scaffold degradation” in English and Chinese for articles addressing biodegradability of scaffold materials and its relationship with bone formation published during January 1996 and December 2013. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Many scaffold materials under organic, inorganic and organic-inorganic categories have been available and the current studies focus on inorganic materials and organic-inorganic composite materials.In vivo andin vitro studies indicate the different characteristics and relative merits of these scaffold materials. Organic materials have a relatively slow degradation rate while inorganic materials can completely degrade but have an insufficient mechanical property. For organic-inorganic composite materials, further studies are needed.

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder resulting from the production of antibodies against acetylcholine receptors leading to the destruction of the postsynaptic membrane at the neuromuscular junction.Myasthenic crisis is defined as any myasthenia gravis exacerbation necessitating mechanical ventila-tion or post-operation extubation delayed beyond 24 hours because of respiratory weakness.Most patients presenting with myasthenic crisis have an identifiable risk factor.The diagnosis of myasthenic crisis should be suspected in all patients with respiratory failure,particularly those with unclear etiology.Acute management of myasthenic crisis includes ventilatory therapy,removal of the offending trigger and immunomodulatory treat-ments.The latter includes plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin,and high dose corticosteroids therapy.

Objective To systematically review the effect of picture exchange communication system (PECS) on social communication and speech in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods Literatures were retrieved from PubMed, Medline, EBSCO, Elsvier, VIP, CNKI, evaluated and screened out. Results Six articles were included in the systematic review. Two of them researched the effect of PECS on social communication and speech, two for social communication and other two for speech. Four of them supported that PECS might promote the social communication, three of them supported that PECS promote the speech, and one indicated that PECS did less for speech. Conclusion PECS benefits social communication in children with ASD, especially for the request, and may facilitate the increase of the vocabulary and speech. The characteristics of children with ASD may associate with the efficacy of PECS.

The investigation was conducted among eight untrained male and six well-trained male cyclists with the purpose of finding out the relationship between muscle fiber composition and lactate threshold. Muscle biopsy samples were taken of vastus lateralis to determine the composition of fiber type (Ⅰ, Ⅱ). Maximal oxygen uptake was measured in a progressive cycle ergometer test, while blood lactate threshold was determined on the basis of a systematic increase in BLa above baseline warm-up values. Analyses show that the percentage of type Ⅰ is closely correlated with lactate threshold in both groups of subjects and that muscle fiber composition plays (?) important role in determining lactate threshold. Therefore, an assessment of muscle fiber composition is useful for spotting athletes with high potential for endurance performance.

Acute kidney injury(AKI) is defined as functional and structural disorder or signs of renal damage including any defect from blood and urine test,or tissue imaging that is less than 3 months.The current treatment for AKI includes therapeutic agents and renal replacement therapy (RRT).The goal of RRT is to remove endogenous and exogenous toxins,inflammatory mediator,pathogenic factor,and to maintain fluid,electrolyte,and acid-base balance until renal function returns.The principal methods of RRT include intermittent hemodialysis,continuous renal replacement therapy,peritoneal dialysis,plasmaphresis exchange and hemoperfusion.In this article,we discussed the timing,choice of therapeutic mode,indication and common technical issues of RRT in pediatric AKI.

OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors and countermeasures of burn wound infection.METHODS The data of burn patients in hospital from 2005 to 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS From 341 burn patients 257 got infected and total infection rate was 75.4%.Investigation shows that the probability e of infection in 3 days was 12.9%,but the rate became 72.7% after 4 to 10 days.The bigger the wound area,the higher the possibility to got infected.The infection rate was 43.8% when BSA was smaller than 20.0%.When BSA was bigger than 41.0%,the rate was up to 88.0%.When BSA was bigger than 61.0%,the rate was 100.0%.Except that,antibiotics and standard medical performance were the important factors related to burn infection.CONCLUSIONS To strengthen the aseptic concept among medical staff,pay attention to the environment of hospital,and the sterilization of the materials,debridement and drainage in time,and rational usage of antibacterial drugs,are the effective countermeasures to reduce burn wound infection.