Objective To evaluate the effect of minocycline on the long-term cognitive function after partial hepatectomy in mice.Methods Sixty-four male C57BL/6 mice,aged 3 months,weighing about 20 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =16 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),partial hepatectomy group (group O),PBS group,and minocycline group (Mino group).At 3 days after partial hepatectomy,the rats underwent Morris water maze test.The animals were sacrificed and their hippocampi were immediately removed for determination of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA (using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression in the nuclcar protein of the cells (using Western blot).After the mice regained consciousness after operation,minocycline 50 mg· kg-1 · d-1 was injected intraperitoneally for 30 consecutive days in Mino group,while the equal volume of PBS was given instead of minocycline in group PBS.The parameters mentioned above were then recorded.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly prolonged,and the expression of TNF-α mRNA,IL-6 mRNA and NF-κB was up-regulated in group O (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group PBS,the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly shortened,and the expression of TNF-α mRNA,IL-6 mRNA and NF-κB was down-regulated in group Mino (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Minocycline can improve the long-term cognitive function after partial hepatectomy in mice and inhibition of inflammatory responses in hippocampi is involved in the mechanism.

Objective To reveal the role of PDK1 in vascular endothelial cells. Methods PDK1 was knocked out in endothelial cells by recombinase-mediated Cre to observe it′s effects on vascular endothelial cells. Results Abnormality of vascular development in rats could be found as a result of endothelial PDK1 deletion. Meanwhile, vascular leakage and bleeding phenotype were observed, and tissue analysis showed vascular endothelial cells abnormalities. Conclusions PDK1 plays an important role in the functioning and integrity of vascular endothelial cells, which made tentative explanation for PDK1-Akt signal path and laid basis for further research.

Objective To discuss the nursing effect and application value of refinement process of nursing management mode in hospital infection control in the operating room.Methods 620 patients who will carry out surgi-cal treatment were selected as the research subjects.310 cases without detailed process of nursing management were included in the control group,and 310 patients with refinement process of nursing management were selected as obser-vation group.The clinical nursing effects of two groups were recorded.Results Observation group surface 88.94%, medical staff hand 92.54%,disinfectant 95.65%,100.00% sterile items.The control surface 81.38%,80.00% of medical personnel hand,disinfectant 75.93%,90.00% sterile items,the monitoring qualified rate between two groups had statistically significant differences (χ2 =5.021,4.596,7.581,6.725,all P <0.05).The sores of nursing safety, operating room management,form filling,ward nursing in the observation group were (95.37 ±4.66 )points, (94.27 ±5.21 )points,(96.13 ±3.29)points,(95.03 ±4.87)points.Those in control group were (90.12 ± 2.03)points,(89.13 ±2.26)points,(90.03 ±1.88)points,(88.17 ±2.25)points,the differences between two groups were statistically significant (t =18.185,15.935,28.343,22.514,all P <0.05).The scores of nurses and patients communication,nursing procedures,ward environment,care attitude in the observation group were (24.19 ± 0.87)points,(24.03 ±0.64)points,(24.51 ±0.45)points,(24.28 ±0.36)points.Those in the control group were (21.54 ±1.65 )points,(20.88 ±1.72)points,(20.95 ±1.66)points,(21.09 ±0.89)points,the differences between two groups were statistically significant (t =25.013,30.220,36.443,58.502,all P <0.05).Conclusion Refinement process of nursing management mode application helps to control nosocomial infection in operating room of hospital infection control,improve the quality of clinical nursing services,improve the clinical nursing satisfaction, which is worthy of popularization and application in clinic.

Objective To evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes and survivorship of fixed bearing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and the risk factor for failure.Methods Between June 1993 and April 2002,285 Chinese patients accepted TKA with cemented fixed bearing platform in our center,and 226 patients (246 knees) were successfully followed up.The age was (62.2±9.4) years at index operation.The survivorship of TKA and the related impact factor were analyzed.The hospital for special surgery (HSS) knee score,range of motion (ROM) and radiological results were studied at the final follow-up.Results One hundred and sixty patients (177 knees) were followed up longer than 10 years.Survival rate was 93.6％±1.7％ at 10years,92.8％±1.8％ at 15 years,with reoperation of the implant as the endpoint.Main reasons for failure were infection and aseptic loosening.There were no statistically difference in survival rate between posterior cruciate ligament retaining and posterior stabilizing group,patellar resurfacing and non-resurfacing,rheumatic arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients.Meanwhile,RA patients had lower longterm survivorship compared with OA patients.HSS knee score of 96 of the knees increased from 56.58±11.05 preoperatively to 92.29±10.95 postoperatively,and ROM increased from 84.8°±24.0° preoperatively to 99.7°±17.6° postoperatively.Totally,15 knees underwent revision surgery with the relating reason of infection for 10 knees,aseptic loosening for 3,and stiffness for 1 knee.Conclusion Fixed bearing TKA can fulfill satisfactory long-term clinical results,with more than 90％ of 10-year survival rate.The strategy for posterior cruciate ligament,patellar and preoperative diagnosis has no statistically impact on the long-term survivorship.

Objective: To study the infectious state of 3 kinds of viruses (CVB, CMV and EBV) in respiratory tract infection and its significance. Methods: Among 290 patients studied, there were 158 boys and 132 girls, aged from 6 months to 12 years. The antigen of coxsackievirus B (CVB-Ag) and antibody of coxsackievirus B (CVB-IgM), antibody of cytomegalovirus (CMV-IgM) and antibody of EB virus (EBV- IgM) were detected by ELISA method. Results: (1) The positive incidence of upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, pneumonia was higher than that of noninfectious disease group (P<0.01). The positive incidence of CVB was higher than that of CMV and EBV(P＜0.01). (2)There were cross viruses positive, especially in pneumonia group (P<0.05), usually CVB cross other virus infection. (3) The course of pneumonia was long in single CVB (P<0.01) and longer in cross infection of viruses (P<0.01). Conclusion: CVB infection is the most common one in the 3 viruses. Attention should be paid to multiple viruses infections in pneumonia children.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may be associated with serious complications that adversely affect outcomes and increase the likelihood of disability. However, few studies with sufficient sample size have reported postoperative complications following TKAamong Chinese patients. This study aimed to evaluate complications of TKA within 30 postoperative days and to identify the related risk factors. Methods: A retrospective complication?based analysis of TKA using the arthroplasty registry between 2008 and 2013 was performed by summarizing complications of TKA within 30 postoperative days. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the predicting factors for complications 30 days after operation. Results: A total of 1542 patients underwent 2254 primary TKA between January 2008 and December 2013. A total of 137 complications occurred within 30 days after operation with an incidence rate of 6.1%.The incidence rate of major systemic complications within postoperative 30 days was 2.3%, with cardiovascular and respiratory complications as the most common complications. The incidence rates of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and local complications were 2.4% and 1.0%, respectively. The 30?day postoperative mortality rate was 0.1% (3/2254). Multivariate logistic regression analyses identified body mass index (BMI) of ≥30.0 kg/m2 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.47) and age ≥80 years (OR:1.87) as significant risk factors for postoperative systemic complications. A BMI of ≥30.0 kg/m2 was a significant risk factor for DVT (OR:2.86) and other complications (OR: 2.11). The comorbidity of diabetes was a risk factor for postoperative mortality (OR: 19.20). Conclusions: This study highlighted complications with cardiac and respiratory origins as the most common complications within 30 postoperative days following primary TKA. The BMI of ≥30.0 kg/m2 and age ≥80 years were significant risk factors for 30?day postoperative complications.

Plants in Ainsliaea genus, belongs to Compositae family, are traditional Chinese medicine and widely used in folk. These plants contain various types of chemical components, and main components are sesquiterpene lactone and its glycosides. In addition, there are triterpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, phenolic acid, long chain fatty acid and volatile oils. Recently, much attention has been payed to varlous research of A. fragrans. This paper reviewed and summarized the chemical components to provide the theoretical basis for the use of Ainsliaea.
Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Molecular Structure

Aim To observe the effects of rapamycin (Rapa) and starvation-induced autophagy on the morphology of neuronal cells, tau protein aggregation and expression of phosphorylated tau protein, to explore the possible mechanism of cytoprotective effect of these two classical autophagy inducers on phosphorylated tau expressing cells.Methods N2a cells were transfected with GFP-tau plasmid, and equal amount of empty vector was used as control.Then cells were incubated with or without okadaic acid(OA) for 12 h, followed by treatment with autophagy inducers rapamycin(Rapa) and EBSS, autophagy inhibitor Bafilomycin A1(Baf A1) for 6 h.DAB was used to observe tau expression and cell morphology.Confocal microscopy was used to observe the intracellular tau aggregation.TUNEL assay and cleaved caspase-3 level were used to detect cell apoptosis.Immunoblot was used to detect the expression of phosphorylated tau and autophagy-related proteins.Results Our study showed that the N2a cells treated with OA exhibited small cell body, retracted processes and increased tau aggregation, compared with only tau-expressing cells.Rapa and EBSS treatment significantly improved cell morphology, decreased tau aggregation and reduced cell apoptosis.On the contrary, Baf A1 treatment induced aberrant cell shape and increased tau aggregation and cell apoptosis.In addition, Rapa significantly decreased the high molecular weight, phosphorylated tau whereas EBSS especially decreased the low molecular weight phosphorylated tau.Conclusions Rapa and EBSS is alleviate hyperphosphorylated tau-induced cytotoxicity through different mechanism.Rapamycin mainly decreases phosphorylated tau oligomers, while EBSS liable to decrease the soluble phosphorylated tau.

Cross-talk of intracellular signaling pathways that share common components (hubs) is organized in form of a bow-tie network topology.Signaling cross-talk is functionally pleiotropic for target genes regulation, resulting in functional redundancy, synergism and antagonism, which should be precisely controlled to prevent signaling 'leaking' or 'spillover'.Thus, the biological system has evolved multiple insulating mechanisms to achieve stimulus-specific response that maintains intracellular homeostasis.The insulation mechanism of signaling cross-talk suggests: (1) the functional duality of cross-talk molecules that determine cell fate requires selectively targeting dysregulated cross-talk molecules while protecting the normal ones from off-target or unintended effects, and we propose them as the targetable cross-talk molecules;(2) cross-talk molecules are usually carried on the macromolecular complex as their functional platforms, thus the structural plasticity of conformational changes at the interaction surface of cross-talk molecules asks for intensive work on the relationship study between drug binding and biological activity, which we propose as the accessible cross-talk molecules.Therefore, signaling cross-talk and its insulation mechanism play instructive leading roles in resolving the bottlenecks of current drug R&D and improve the clinical outcome.