?Retinal ischemia - reperfusion injury ( RlRl ) is a common clinical disease, and the producing mechanism is still in research. Experimental and clinical research in recent years have showed that the mechanism of RlRl and oxygen free radicals, gene regulation, calcium overload, inflammatory cytokines and other factors are closely related. ln this article, we summarized the current situation that the scholars at home and abroad study traditional Chinese medicine extract of prevention and treatment of RlRl.

Mice transplanted with S_(180) or Lewis lung sarcoma will result in impairment of their immunologic function with lowering of IL-2 activity and abnormal ratio of T cells (Th/Ts

According to traditional Chinese medical theory"Qi in motion can normalize blood circulation". To study the therapeutic effect of herbs regulating Qi on inhibition of tumor metastasis,their influence on blood stasis was investigated. Results showed that the herbs could slow down platelet aggregation and normalize the balance between TXA2 and PGI2. Hence,the herbs could inhibit tumor growth and metastasis.

Objective To test using musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) to observe uncovertebral joints (UJs) and to explain the ultrasound images of UJs and their adjacent tissues,especially the vertebral artery (VA).Methods MSUS was used first with human skeletons and cadavers to localize the UJs and VA on the MSUS images with the aid of implanted needles.MSUS was then used with a patient clinically diagnosed with cervical spondylosis of the vertebral artery type (CSA) to detail the image of a normal UJ and its relationship with the adjacent tissues,especially the VA.Whether there was a lateral spur from the uncinate process (UP) was assessed to try to establish a method for measuring osteophytes.Results During the examination the patient was in supine,the neck was elevated 15cm with a pillow and was at 45 degrees of rotation to the contralateral side.The probe was placed at the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.When the longitudinal section of the common carotid artery was shown,the probe was slowly moved laterally until the VA first appeared,and then was moved up along the VA.Once the VA entered the transverse foramen,moving the probe slightly allowed the UJ behind the VA to be seen between two transverse processes.The UJ thus lies between two transverse processes,that is,between the lateral margins of two vertebral bodies and outside the intervertebral disc.The echo of the lateral border of the UP is on a straight line with the echo of the lateral margin of the vertebral body,with the VA in front of the line.It was noticed that the image of a UP with lateral osteophyte formation crossed the line and reached closer to the VA.The transverse diameter of the UJ was measured as the distance from a line cutting the lateral cortical margin of the cervical vertebra to the outer cortical margin of the lateral UP.Conclusion MSUS can clearly show the UJ and its adjacent tissues,especially the VA.It can be used to assess and measure UJs with lateral osteophyte formation.

Objective To study the application effect of feedback training mode on new neonatal recovery technology.Methods 101 midwives,obstetric doctors and pediatricians who participated the training were tested about the professional knowledge and skills of new neonatal recovery technology according to the teaching material of neonatal asphyxia recovery and neonatal resuscitation guidelines (2007 revision in Beijing).The results showed no statistical significance.And they were randomly divided into the control group (51 cases) and the observation group(50 cases).The control group adopted traditional method,that was,the teacher taught first and then the students took practice.The observation group used feedback training method.Results The theoretical and technical results of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group.The learning motivation,learning initiative,cooperation degree,ability of observation and solving problem and operation proficiency were also significantly higher than those of the control group.Conclusions Feedback training methods can significantly increase the learning effect of perinatal personnel,and make popularized the new neonatal recovery technology.

OBJECTIVETo determine the recognition of healthy medical students on deqi after acupuncture, reveal the qualitative and quantitative rules of deqi and understand whether these rules are the factors of the clinical application of acupuncture therapy.

METHODSThe class questionnaires were used for the investigation study on the understanding of deqi after acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) or Zusanli (ST 36) in 86 healthy students in the clinical medicine class.

RESULTS(1) Deqi was a kind of complicated compound feelings, with many sensation qualities such as distending pain, distension and pain. (2) Deqi was a kind of mild and moderate sensations. In 10-score credit sys tem of Massachusetts General Hospital acupuncture sensation scale (MASS), the scores of distending pain (4.69 +/- 2.83), distension (4.39 +/- 2.91) and soreness and distension (3.93 +/- 2.93) were around 5 (moderate degree), the scores of stabbing pain (1.89 +/- 2.02) were around 2 (mild degree). (3) The differences in the quantitative scores were significant for stabbing pain, distending pain, distention, soreness and distention and the others before and after treatment (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONDeqi of acupuncture is the mild and moderate complicated sensations manifested as distension, soreness, pain and numbness. As the invasive therapy, the filiform needle puncture will bring a certain psychological impacts on the receptors. The subjective sensation is possibly the factor for the patients' selection of acupuncture treatment.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Needles ; Qi ; Schools, Medical ; Sensation ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of port catheter system(PCS)placement in pulmonary artery via percutaneous subclavicle vein treatment for multiple metastatic tumor in the two lungs and discuss the PCS technique.Methods Fifteen multiple metastatic tumor patients(13 hepatocellular carcinomas,one mandible grand adenocarcinoma,one oral bottom squamous carcinoma)were carried out with pulmonary artery PCS placement by way of percutaneous subclavicle vein.FPA/FPM/GP chemotherapy scheme were introduced every 4～6 weeks.Results The success rate of PCS placement technique was 93.3%(14/15).One case failed.Percutaneous subclavicle veins were performed 14 cases in right side and 1 in left one.Following up 2～43 months,2～7 chemotherapy cycles(mean 5 cycles)were accomplished,and the clinical CR and PR were achieved in 1 and 3 cases respectively with clinical efficacy rate 28.6%(4/14).Major side reaction was late wound healing in 1 case.Conclusion PCS placement in pulmonary artery treatment for multiple metastatic tumor in the two lungs is effective,and mastering operation technique is the key for increasing operation suc- cess rate.

Objective To analyze the prevalence of passive smoking among inland residents in China from 2000 to 2009 and to analyze the differences between sex, urban/rural geographic distribution, different levels of economic development etc.. Methods Electronic search strategy was carried out, using WanFang database, China Journal Full-text database, VIP database, CBM and PubMed database to collect data on smoking, and passive smoking status, among residents in China.Fixed effects model or random effects model was employed according to statistical tests for homogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by rank correlation test. All statistical analysis was conducted with R 2.8.0. Results Nineteen studies were selected with a total of 195 349 non-smokers and 70 781 passive smokers involved. The overall prevalence of passive smoking was 47.04%(95%CI: 38.88%-55.27%). The prevalence of passive smoking was stratified by factors as sex, urban/rural, year and areas of the study, and areas where passive smoking was studied. The pooled prevalence rates of passive smoking were as follows: 44.80% (95%CI: 34.07%-55.79%) and 49.09%(95%CI:39.62%-58.59%) ,P＜0.05 for male and female;46.10%(95%CI:28.88%-63.82%),47.55%(95% CI: 17.85%-78.25% ), P＜0.05 for urban and rural, respectively. The pooled prevalence rates of passive smoking were 47.59% (95% CI: 38.31%-56.95% ) in the study year of 2000-2004 and 46.90% (95%CI: 33.19%-60.87% ) in 2005-2009 (P＜0.05). The pooled prevalence rates of passive smoking for eastern and western areas were 41.38%(28.88%-54.47%) and 74.38%(95%CI: 59.08% -87.10% ) (P＜0.05), and 73.03% (95%CI: 60.41% - 84.00% ), 14.72% (95%CI: 8.83%-21.82% )and 25.90% (95% CI: 5.65% - 54.24% ) for family, workplace and public place, respectively (P＜0.05). Conclusion The pooled prevalence of passive smoking was higher in females than males, in rural than in urban and in the western area than in the eastern areas. The prevalence of passive smoking in the study year of 2005-2009 was lower than of 2000-2004. The pooled passive smoking rate in the family was higher than in the workplace or in public.

Objective To evaluate the changes of urodynamics in female patients with diabetic cystopathy.Methods Fifty six female patients with diabetic cystopathy were enrolled in the study , including 31 cases with diabetic course <15 years ( groupⅠ) and 25 cases with diabetic course ≥15 years ( group Ⅱ) .Urodynamic examination was performed in all patients and the urodynamic parameters were compared between two groups.Results The average residual urine volume , the volume of first bladder sensation and the max bladder capacity in groups ⅠandⅡwere (35 ±16)ml and (65 ±24) ml,(220 ± 76)ml and (330 ±88) ml, (380 ±92) ml and (580 ±122) ml, respectively; 3 out 31 and 16 out of 25 patients in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ showed low compliance .The above indexes between two groups were statistically significant ( P<0.01).Conclusion Urodynamics can indicate the severity of functional damage of urinary bladder in patients with diabetic cystopathy .

Objective Maternal dietary modifications determine the susceptibility to metabolic diseases in adult life.However, whether maternal high-fat diet can induce early-onset aberrant glucose and lipid metabolism in offspring mice is less understood .Materials and Methods We examined the effects of feeding the pregnant mice with either a high fat diet or nornal chow diet throughout pregnancy and lactation on the glucose and lipid metabolism in their offsprings . Some glucose and lipid metabolism biomarkers and hepatic histology were analyzed .Results At weaning, for males of dams fed high-fat diet , they had heavier body weight , the blood glucose levels were significantly higher at 30 min ( P<0.001) and 60 min (P<0.01) after intraperitoneal glucose administration , and the AUC was also significantly larger (P=0.0016) and HOMA-IR was higher(P<0.05).For females of dams fed high-fat diet, they had higher blood glucose levels at 30 min ( P<0.01 ) after intraperitoneal glucose administration .No significant differences were observed of AUC and HOMA-IR.Both males and females of dams fed high-fat diet had elevated total cholesterol levels ( P<0.0001 and P=0.0004, respectively).Triglyceride levels showed no significant differences between the two groups of males and females . The offsprings of high-fat diet group indicated hepatic steatosis and there were no differences between males and females . Conclusions Maternal high fat diet during pregnancy and lactation can induce early -onset aberrant glucose and lipid me-tabolism in offspring mice , and the male offsprings are more prone to metabolic changes , such as obesity , glucose intoler-ance and insulin resistance .