Benzodiazepines ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Chromatography, Gas ; Humans

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Ethanol ; blood ; Humans ; Methanol ; blood

Aged ; CDX2 Transcription Factor ; Cysts ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Homeodomain Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Keratin-20 ; metabolism ; Mucous Membrane ; pathology ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Rupture ; Splenic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To explore the application of Duff in treatment for patients with early stage threat ened abortion.Method 1000 patients with early stage threatened abortion admitted from Jan.2015 to Jun.2016 were selected,and were divided into two groups.All patients were treated by conventional therapy and Duff therapy.Treatment effects of the two groups were observed and compared.Results The differences of clinical characteristics between the two groups had no statistical significance (all P＞0.05).No serious adverse reactions oc curred to either group.There was no significant difference in remission and disappearance time of clinical symptoms between the two groups (t=0.334,0.367,all P＞0.05).The total treatment efficiency was higher in the observation group than in the control group,but the differences had no statistical significance (x2=0.058,/P＞0.05).Conclusion There is a certain application value of Duff treatment for early stage threatened abortion,which is safe,efficient,and convenient,worthy of promotion.

Objective To investigate the method for the measurement of chlorpyrifos in serum by gas chromatography,and to provide a basis for emergency treatment of poisoning in clinical practice.Methods Venous blood (3.0 ml) was collected from patients.After coagulation,the blood samples were centrifuged at 4 000 r/min for 5 minutes,and 0.5 ml of serum was placed in a glass test tube with a cork;4.0 ml of ethyl acetate was then added and mixed rapidly,and this solution was subjected to extraction for 5 minutes and centrifuged at 4 000 r/min for 10 minutes.The ethyl acetate layer was placed in a conical tube and extracted twice with the same method.The extract was mixed and blow-dried with nitrogen,and the residue was dissolved with 50.0 μl ethanol.Gas chromatography was used for measurement,with a sample size of 1 μl and a retention time of 9.609 minutes.Results The linear range of this method was 0.2～20.0 μg/ml,and the regression equation was y =2 372.6x+357.2 (r=0.999 6).The detection limit of chlorpyrifos in serum was 0.05 μg/ml,and the recovery rate was 84.6％～102.4％.The relative standard deviation was 3.6％～4.8％,and the intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations were 3.62％～5.10％ and 3.77％～4.98％,respectively.Conclusion This detection method is accurate,simple,and convenient,and can be used for the clinical diagnosis of chlorpyrifos poisoning.

Objective To investigate the method for the measurement of chlorpyrifos in serum by gas chromatography,and to provide a basis for emergency treatment of poisoning in clinical practice.Methods Venous blood (3.0 ml) was collected from patients.After coagulation,the blood samples were centrifuged at 4 000 r/min for 5 minutes,and 0.5 ml of serum was placed in a glass test tube with a cork;4.0 ml of ethyl acetate was then added and mixed rapidly,and this solution was subjected to extraction for 5 minutes and centrifuged at 4 000 r/min for 10 minutes.The ethyl acetate layer was placed in a conical tube and extracted twice with the same method.The extract was mixed and blow-dried with nitrogen,and the residue was dissolved with 50.0 μl ethanol.Gas chromatography was used for measurement,with a sample size of 1 μl and a retention time of 9.609 minutes.Results The linear range of this method was 0.2～20.0 μg/ml,and the regression equation was y =2 372.6x+357.2 (r=0.999 6).The detection limit of chlorpyrifos in serum was 0.05 μg/ml,and the recovery rate was 84.6％～102.4％.The relative standard deviation was 3.6％～4.8％,and the intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations were 3.62％～5.10％ and 3.77％～4.98％,respectively.Conclusion This detection method is accurate,simple,and convenient,and can be used for the clinical diagnosis of chlorpyrifos poisoning.

A 54-year-old female patient with congenital heart disease had a persistent complete left bundle branch block three months after closure by an Amplatzer ventricular septal defect occluder. Nine months later, the patient suffered from chest distress, palpitation, and sweating at daily activities, and her 6-min walk distance decreased significantly (155 m). Her echocardiography showed increased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter with left ventricular ejection fraction of 37%. Her symptoms reduced significantly one week after received cardiac resynchronization therapy. She had no symptoms at daily activities, and her echo showed left ventricular ejection fraction of 46%and 53%. Moreover, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased 6 and 10 months after cardiac resynchronization therapy, and 6-min walk dis-tance remarkably increased. This case demonstrated that persistent complete left bundle branch block for nine months after transcatheter closure with ventricular septal defect Amplatzer occluder could lead to left ventricular enlargement and a significant decrease in left ventricular systolic function. Cardiac resynchronization therapy decreased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and increased left ventricular ejection fraction, thereby improving the patient’s heart functions.

OBJECTIVENeonatal sepsis is a common disease and the sepsis-related mortality rate is still high. Until now, there has no ideal diagnostic marker to early identify neonatal sepsis. Expression of neutrophil adhesion molecule CD(11b) was showed as the earlier reaction to the infection/inflammation, and may be applied as an early diagnostic marker for sepsis. This study was to investigate this antigen for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis related to bacterial infection.

METHODSAccording to clinical symptoms, signs and four indices (WBC, PLT, plasma CRP and ratio of I/T), fifty-one neonates with established or suspected sepsis were allocated retrospectively into two groups of sepsis [n = 23, gestational age of (38.3 +/- 2.4) weeks, postnatal age of (12.7 +/- 8.8) days, body weight: (3.1 +/- 0.8) kg] and suspected sepsis [n = 28, gestational age of (38.8 +/- 1.6) weeks, postnatal age of (11.7 +/- 7.3) days, body weight: (3.3 +/- 0.6) kg]. Fifteen healthy neonates were served as controls [gestational age: (38.5 +/- 1.4) weeks, postnatal age: (8.2 +/- 5.5) days, body weight: (3.3 +/- 0.3) kg]. CD(11b) was quantified with the whole blood flow cytometry and direct immunofluorescence technique.

RESULTSThe expressions of neutrophil CD(11b) in neonates with sepsis and suspected sepsis were (320 +/- 189) MFI and (456 +/- 213) MFI, respectively, which was lower than that of controls [(1,090 +/- 338) MFI, t = -9.01 and -7.56, respectively; P < 0.001]. The expression of CD(11b) was lower in neonates with sepsis than that with suspected sepsis (t = -2.39, P < 0.05). The expression of CD(11b) in neonates with CRP >or= 30 mg/L was (211 +/- 164) MFI, which was lower than those with CRP < 30 mg/L [(505 +/- 265) MFI, t = 2.64, P < 0.05]. The detection of CD(11b) (

CONCLUSIONThe expression of CD(11b) in neonatal sepsis presented with a down-regulation and, the decreased CD(11b) expression might be related to the severity of infections. For the neonatal sepsis the serial measurements of neutrophil CD(11b) expression with the whole blood flow cytometry seemed feasible and reliable in the early diagnosis, evaluation of infection severity and observation of therapy reactions.

Bacteremia ; blood ; diagnosis ; Biomarkers ; blood ; CD11b Antigen ; blood ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

Objective:Tacrolimus prolonged-release(PR) formulation is a new once-daily formulation of the calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus,which is currently used in adult liver or kidney transplant patients,and is also gradually widely used in children with nephrotic syndrome.The present study was undertaken to preliminarily investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of tacrolimus PR in pediatric nephrotic syndrome recipients.Methods:This single-center open-label prospective study was performed in pediatric nephrotic syndrome recipients.Pharmacokinetic samples were collected from eight pediatric subjects with nephrotic syndrome from Department of Pediatric Nephrology in Peking University First Hospital between June and August 2011.They followed administration of single oral doses of tacrolimus PR formulation at 0.02 mg/kg (n =2),0.05 mg/kg (n =2) and 0.10 mg/kg (n =4).Blood samples were taken before the dose and 1,2,4,6,8,10,12 and 24 h after drug intake.No other medicines or interacting food or drinks were taken during the study period.Blood concentrations were measured using an enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique.Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using WinNolin Phoenix software Version 6.0 (Pharsight,Cary,NC,USA).Results:The pharmacokinetic data were best described by a non-compartment model.Pharmacokinetic parameters of tacrolimus PR formulation in the 3 ascending doses groups (0.02 mg/kg,0.05 mg/kg and 0.10 mg/kg) were as follows:the maxi mum drug concentrations (Cm=/D) were (1.7 ± 1.0) μg/L,(3.1 ± 1.9) μg/L,(8.0 ± 3.5) μg/L,respectively;Areas under the drug concentration-time curve (AUCo-∞/D) were (47.2 ± 47.1) h · μg/ L,(84.0 ± 13.1) h · μg/L,(175.6 ± 107.1) h · μg/L,respectively;Oral clearance rates were (0.8±0.9) L/(h·kg),(0.4±0.1) L/(h · kg),(1.9 ±1.3) L/(h · kg),respectively;Body weight normalized distribution volumes were (7.0 ± 3.4) L/kg,(12.4 ± 8.4) L/kg and (73.6 ± 68.6) L/kg,respectively.Both mean Cmax normalized level for the administered dose (Cmax/D) and mean AUC0-∞ normalized level for the administered dose (AUC0-∞/D) were higher in the 0.05 mg/kg dosage group than in the 0.02 and 0.10 mg/kg dosage group.There were two peaks in the drug concentrations in every dose group;a primary peak appeared at the end of about 2 h followed by a small secondary peak at h 12,which was more noticeable in the 0.10 mg/kg dose group than in the two lower dosages.Conclusion:The pharmacokinetic characteristics of tacrolimus PR formulation were initially explored in pediatric patients with nephritic syndrome.The data presented form a basis for subsequent larger scale studies on pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus PR formulation in nephritic syndrome children.

Objective To investigate the underlying mechanisms of Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) and Bickerstaff' s brainstem encephalitis (BBE) by studying their clinical and electrophysiological characteristics.Methods The clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of 13 MFS and 7 BBE cases in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2000 and 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.The electrophysiological parameters included sensory and motor nerve conduction,electromyography,F wave,sympathetic skin response and brainstem auditory evoked potential and blink reflex.Results MFS and BBE had similar clinical characteristics:respiratory symptoms were the most common infectious symptoms before disease onset; Ophthalmoplegia,facial palsy and bulbar symptoms were common; They both had cerebrospinal fluid albuminocytological dissociation and positive serum anti-GQ1b antibody.However,BBE had more central nervous system lesion signs clinically such as conscious disturbance,positive Babinski' s sign and central facial palsy.Electrophysiologically,MFS and BBE also had similar electrophysiological features:sensory nerve abnormality ratios were 6/13,2/7 respectively,with prominently reduced sensory nerve active potential amplitude,normal or slightly slowed sensory conduction velocity; Motor nerves abnormality ratios were 2/13,1/7 respectively,with slightly prolonged distal motor latency and normal compound muscle action potential; Electromyography abnormality ratios were 1/7,0/4 respectively; F wave frequency abnormality ratios were 3/13,5/7 respectively,and in some cases,F wave frequency would restore; Sympathetic skin response abnormality ratios were 1/2,1/3 respectively; Blink reflex abnormalityratios were 1/2,1/1 respectively,with central involvement in BBE; Brainstem auditory evoked potential abnormality ratios were 3/5,1/4 respectively,with wave Ⅰ latency or amplitude abnormality.Conclusion The similarities of clinical and electrophysiological features suggest that MFS and BBE have the same mechanism and they form a continuous spectrum with variable central nervous system and peripheral nervous system involvement.