In recent years,the occurence of oral cancer has been increasing in all over the world.It is vital to understand inside and outside pathogenic factors,therapy methods,and prevention,in order to prevent the development and improve prognosis of oral cancer.This article will summarize the research progress of oral cancer in the three aspects above.The survival rate of oral cancer can be increased only by changes in unhealthy life styles,regularing examinations,as well as early detection and early treatment.

Objective To investigate the image profiles and pathological manifestations of lung damages induced by Bleomycin(BLM) or pneumococcus,and to further elucidate the characteristic image profiles and its pathologic basis of pulmonary fibrosis.Methods 90 SD ratswere divided randomly into BLM group,pneumonia group and control group,the models were made by intratracheal instilling of BLM,pneumococcus and saline respectively.At the different time,HRCT scans were performed in all rats.The pulmonary specimens of rats were observed on pathology.Results Images of concentrated density in lung was observed in both BLM and pneumonia groups in early stage.In BLM groups,the areas of concentrated density image mainly surrounding main bronchus,were larger than that of pneumococcal pneumonia groups.And the images of fibre were seen in lungs of BLM-treated rats in 7 days.The correlation-observation of pathology showed,a lot of neutrophil and macrophages infiltrating in lungs of both groups,with a lot of exudates in the alveolus in pneumococcal pneumonia groups.Otherwise,the hyperplasia of fibroblasts was observed in the lung interstitium in the 5-7 day groups treated by BLM.Conclusion The imaging findings of alveolitis caused by BLM is of some different characteristic in comparison with that caused by pneumococcus.

Sepsis is a common condition in the intensive care unit and is associated with high mortality.Vitamin D deficiency in septic patients is more common than in their healthy peers,indicating that it may be identified as a predictor of sepsis in the critically ill and that Vitamin D deficiency may also be associated with adverse prognosis in septic patients.The immunomodulatory role of Vitamin D,the interaction between Vitamin D and infectious diseases,the status of Vitamin D deficiency in sepsis cases and the relationship between Vitamin D levels and prognosis of septic patients are reviewed in this article.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molar ; Root Canal Therapy ; methods

Objective:To explore the predictive role of learning burnout on positive and negative mental in college students.Methods:By convenience sampling method,786 college students were selected.They were as-sessed with the Learning Burnout Scale of Undergraduates (LBUS;including three factors:dejection,improper be-havior and reduced personal accomplishment)to investigate the learning burnout,the Mental Health Continuum Short Form (adult version)(MHC-SF;reflecting positive mental health states:languishing,moderately mentally healthy and flourishing)to investigate positive mental health,and the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28;dividing negative mental health levels:pathological one or not)to investigate negative mental health.Results:The total scores and three factors scores of LBUS were negatively correlated with MHC-SF scores (r = -0.48 --0.14,Ps <0.01).The total scores and sub-scores of dejection and improper behavior were positively correlated with GHQ-28 scores (r =0.14 -0.41,Ps <0.01 ).The results of discriminate analysis showed that the learning burnout could predict the positive mental health,the correct prediction rates of three mental health symptoms,lan- guishing,moderately mentally healthy and flourishing were 63.2%,51.2%,and 64.1%,respectively.The total forecast was at a rate of 56.4%,and three factors of learning burnout had the contribution to predict positive psy-chological health.Logistic regression analysis showed that learning burnout of undergraduates could positively pre-dict negative psychological health,the pathological and non-pathological rate of correct prediction were 67.5% and 55.9%,and the total correct prediction rate was 62.0%.Depression could positively predict negative mental health (OR =1.11).Conclusion:Learning burnout could effectively predict both positive and negative mental health in college students.

Stem cells are a group of undifferentiated cells with indefinite self-renewal and pluripotent differentiation ability.They are able to differentiate into precursor/progenitor cells and a variety of cell types and further regenerate new cells to be involved in the repair and rebuilding of injured tissue.Therefore,stem cells are becoming the major research objects in the study on tissue engineering therapy and regenerative medicine.As a sense organ composed of several kinds of neurons and other cells,eyes possesse the dominant superiority in stem cell transplantation therapy because of its good operation controllability and visuality,less demand for seed cells and low rejection after transplantation.These advantages have aroused growing interesting of the fundamental research and clinical trail in stem cell transplantation for irreversible eye diseases.Some exciting advances in the field of stem cell fundamental research,several phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ clinical trials are in progress.The patients with degenerative eye diseases for phase Ⅰ clinical trials are in recruiting in China to evaluate future curative effect and security of stem cell-based therapies.Currently,several issues in stem cell-based eye disease therapies are still pending.We discuss the updated development of stem cell-based transplantation in ophthalmology and future researching direction in order to help ophthalmological researchers to understand the concepts and research strategies.

Objective To evaluate the reliability of transcranial doppler (TCD) in detection spasm of middle cerebral artery (MCA),vertebral artery (VA ) and basilar artery (BA).Methods TCD and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examination were undertaken in 50 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.Results Arterial spasm was diagnosed in 26 MCA by DSA,21 of which were detected by TCD at same time.4 MCA were showed by TCD but not confirmed by DSA. The sensitivity and specificity of TCD in diagnosing MCA spasm were 80.8% and 84.0% respectively. Higher sensitivity was revealed in those with severe MCA spasm. DSA also found out asterial spasm of BA in 18 BA,among which 13 arteries were detected by TCD simutaneously.4 BA were diagnosed by TCD but not proved by DSA. The sensitivity and the specificity of TCD in diagnosing BA spasm were 72.2% and 76.5% respectively.28 VA were diagnosed by DSA,among which 20 arteries were proved by TCD.6 VA were detected by TCD but not proved by DSA. The sensitivity and specificity of TCD in diagnosing VA spasm were 71.4% and 76.9% respectively.Conclusion TCD is reliable in diagnosing the spasm of MCA,BA and VA.

BACKGROUND:Alpha-calcium sulfate hemiydrate/biphasic bioceramics (α-CSH/BCP) as a bone repair material has been widely used in the clinic, but there are stil some deficiencies. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of α-CSH/BCP on the repair of bone defects of the radius in rabbits. METHODS:The unilateral radius of 18 adult New Zealand white rabbits was selected to establish bone defect models, and then these rabbit models were randomized into three groups that were treated with α-CSH,α-CSH/BCP, BCP materials, respectively. At 4, 8, 12 weeks after implantation, bone samples were taken for gross and X-ray observations. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Gross observation: At 12 weeks of implantation, the bone defect was completely repaired in the α-CSH/BCP group, and the defected radius recovered basicaly; in the α-CSH group, bone defects were visible; and in the BCP group, there was stil some material for filing and coverage. (2) X-ray observation: In the α-CSH group, the degradation of implanted materials was faster than new bone formation, and bone defects were visible; in the α-CSH/BCP group, bone defects were healed, cortical bone remodeling was good, and the bone marrow cavity was re-canalized; in the BCP group, the implanted materials were stil visible, and bone defects were not repaired. These findings indicate that the α-CSH/BCP bone repair material can significantly promote the repair of bone defects of rabbit radius, with a better repair effect than α-CSH or BCP alone.

Objective: To optimize the formula and preparation process of docetaxel-loaded pluronic P123 micelles. Methods:Docetaxel-loaded pluronic P123 micelles were prepared by a thin-film hydration method and optimized by central composite design and response surface methodology. The influencing factors including the quantity of docetaxel, volume of organic phase, volume of hydra-tion and temperature of hydration were investigated with the entrapment efficiency as the index. The morphology of micelles was ob-served under a transmission electron microscope. The particle diameter and zeta potential were determined. The in vitro release property was measured by a dialysis method. Results:The relationship between the influencing factors and the evaluation parameter was fitted by multi-linear equation, quadratic polynomial equation and cubic polynomial equation, respectively. The results showed that the cubic polynomial equation was superior to the others according to the correlation coefficient. Docetaxel-loaded pluronic P123 micelles were spherical with the mean diameter, zeta potential, polydispersity index, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of 108. 3 nm,-3. 99 mV, 0. 265, (97. 91 ± 0. 28)% and (3. 72 ± 0. 12)%, respectively. The cumulative release in vitro reached 95. 03% in 120 h, and docetaxel-loaded pluronic P123 micelles had notable sustained-release property. Conclusion: The technical process for do-cetaxel-loaded pluronic P123 micelles is simple and usable, and docetaxel-loaded pluronic P123 micelles show high encapsulation effi-ciency and notable sustained-release property.

Purpose　To study the effect of heparin on expression of type collagen Ⅰ,ⅢmRNA in cultured fetal rat lung fibroblast (LFb). Methods　By using Northern blot method and immage analysis,the expression of collagenⅠ, Ⅲ mRNA were quantitatively analysed in the fibroblasts treated with different concentration heparin (0.1 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 100 mg/L)separately. Results　Heparin treatment at 0.1 mg/L,1 mg/L, 10 mg/L and did not influence the expression of collagen Ⅰ,Ⅲ mRNA，but the expression of collagen Ⅰ,Ⅲ mRNA were inhibited at 100 mg/L. Conclusion　Expression of collagen Ⅰ, ⅢmRNA is related to the concentration of heparin.