Oxidative stress play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Reactive oxidative species(ROS), derived from hyperglycemia through abnormal mitochondrial electron chain and NADPH oxidase et al, may damage lipids, DNA, and proteins by oxidation.ROS can also promote other classical mechanisms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and further cause apoptosis of neurons and Schwann cells, or inflammation of nerve tissue, and finally lead to nerve injury.The relationship between oxidative stress and mechanisms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy was reviewed in this article, in order to get a clue for more effective treatment strategies.

Reference for clinical medical education reform is provided through discussion on the research status quo of competency model,the basic information of clinical teachers in medical colleges in China,and the importance and significance of constructing competency model for clinical teachers.

Coptis chinensis, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been found to have multiple pharmacological effects recently. Some research showed that C. chinensis has antioxidant effects, including scavenging oxygen free radicals, alleviating lipid peroxidation, enhancing activity of antioxidant enzymes, et al. C. chinensis may inhibit several classical pathological pathways in diabetes. C. chinensis is a potential medicine to prevent and treat diabetes mellitus and its complications. This review focuses on the recent research progress in the study of antioxidant effects of C. chinensis and its major contributions to diabetes treatment/therapy.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; administration & dosage ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Diabetes Mellitus ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects

Retroviral vector pLXSN was employed to introduce human r-Interferon (IFN-?) gene into four human hepa-tocellular carcinoma cell lines (HCC). The G418-resistant colonies were isolated and cloned. PCR and RT-PCR analysis indicated that the integration and expression of IFN-? gene was shown only in the transduced cells. Using a bioassay method, we found that all genetically modified HCC cells can secrete varied amount of IFN-?. The results of flow cytome-try showed that the cell surface expression of HLA class I molecules significandy increased following transduction. Moreover , we firsdy indicated that the increase in the expression of one specific HLA class I antigen, HLA-A2, was almost in the same magnitude as that of the total HLA class I molecules after transduction with IFN-r gene.

Objective:To investigate the expression of special marker for activation on peripheral blood T lymphocytes in patients with condyloma acuminatum(CA) and its significance.Methods:Immunofluorescent three color flow cytometry was used to study the expression of CD69 and HLA DR on T lymphocytes in 30 patients with CA and 31 normal controls. Results:Expression of CD69 on CD3 + T cells were significantly higher in patients (6 63%?3 13%) than that in controls (5 12%?1 64%, P

Objective To explore the health effect of traffic exhausts on children's behavioral problems by using the Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist.Methods Three primary schools were chosen based on the counts of passed by automobiles and the monitoring data of ambient air pollutants.Air pollutants including NO_x,SO_2,PM 2.5 and CO were analzed around the schools.There were 1 821 students in total from Grade 2 to Grade 5 were chosen as the target population and were investigated with the self-designed questionnaire as well as Achenbach's Child List.Finally,1 363 cases were analyzed,of whom have been local resident for more than 2 years and were in condition during investigation.Results A total of 141 children,with the rate of 10.34%,were reported to be with behavioral problem.The reported rates of behavioral problem were 9.04% in School A1, 9.77% in School A2,and 11.99% in School A3 respectively,however,there was no significant difference was seen(x~2=2.556,P= 0.279).The reported rate of behavioral problem of boys' was higher than that of girls' in all schools.Analysis of 11 behavioral problem factors showed that,highest rates of factor depression,social withdrawn,hyperactivity,sexual problem,cruelty,forcing were found in School A3.Single-factor analysis showed that fever experience,eye sight condition,drinking experience of children, experience of being beaten and scold,second hand smoking,drinking habit of father,occupation of parents,education level of parents,born of full-term,medical history in neonatal period,history of unhealthy pregnancy of mother,history of touching adverse factors and drinking experience of mother during pregnancy had significant influence on the reported rate of behavioral problem. Conclusion Traditional factors are still the main influencing factors of children's behavioral problems,long term-low level exposure to traffic exhausts has weak effect on children's behavioral problems.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of intra-abdominal pressure measure in patients with liver transplantation by summarizing the data of 143 cases.Methods Intra-abdominal pressure was indirectly measured by urinary bladder pressure.Intra-abdominal pressure over 10 cm H2O (1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa) was regarded as intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH),and 10

Objective:To explore and evaluate the application of flipped classroom in the integrated curriculum of pathology and pathophysiology overview.Methods:This study included in 172 students from the 8-year program of clinical medicine of Batch 2016 (observation group), and 142 students of Batch 2014 (control group). The observation group adopted traditional classroom teaching combined with flipped classroom teaching, and the control group used only traditional classroom teaching. In the observation group, the teaching contents were redesigned in the form of flipped classroom. The relevant knowledge points were provided before class. Group discussions and in-class presentations were used in the teaching. And the cultivation of students' learning autonomy, interaction and innovation were emphasized. The teaching evaluation was obtained from the questionnaire survey and final exam performance of the two groups of students. SPSS 21.0 was used for t test. Results:Students in the observation group had high satisfaction with flipped classroom which was helpful to improve students' independent learning ability, oral expression ability and innovative thinking ability. However, there was no significant difference in the final exam scores between the two groups ( P=0.306). Conclusion:Flipped classroom teaching can improve students' interest in learning and stimulate their independent learning and innovation. However, the teaching effect evaluated only by the final performance can't reflect the superiority of flipped classroom, which should be assessed by more evaluation indexes.

ObjectiveTo retrospectively analysis the role of intercostal artery reconstruction in spinal cord protection for patients with extent thoracoabdominal aotic aneurysm (TAAA) repair.MethodsFrom August 2003 to August 2010,extent Crawford Ⅱ TAAA repair were performed in 81 consecutive patients with mean age (39.4 ± 10.3) years and 61 (75.3％)were males.All the procedures were performed under profound hypothermia with interval cardiac arrest.Patientswere opened with a thoracoabdominal incision.Extracorporeal circulation was instituted with two arterial cannulae and a single venous cannula in the right atrium.T6 to T12 intercostal arteries and L1,2 lumbar arteries were formed to a neo-intercostal artery in place and were connected to an 8mm branch for keeping spinal cord blood perfusion.Visceral arteries were joined into a patch and anastomosed to the end of the main graft.Left renal artery was anastomosed to an 8mm branch or joined to the patch.The other 10mm branches were anastomosed to iliac arteries.ResultsWith 100％ follow-up,early mortality was 7.4％ (6/81),one patient was dead result from cerebral hemorrhage,three from renal failure,one from heart failure because of myocardial infarction and one from rupture of cliac artery dissection.Postoperative spinal cord deficits was 3.7％ (3/81),temporary paraplegia were observed in 2 patients and paraparesis occurred in 1 patient,but all of them were without bladder or rectum deficits.Neo- intercostal arteries were clogged in 12 patients within follow-up,and two of those patients with Marfan syndrome underwent pseudoaneurysm after intercostal arteries reconstruction.The mean survival time in this group is (54.22 ± 3.03 )months (95％ CI:44.37 months,59.90 months)with survival rate 92.37％ after 1 year,89.02％ after 2 years,85.54％ after 5 years.Three patient were dead with long term follow-up,one were resulted from cerebral hemorrhage at 20th month,one from rupture of ascending aorta at 23rd month and the last from rupture of aorta ulcer.ConclusionIntercostal artery reconstruction is a reliable method in spinal cord protection for patients with TAAA repair.It is a feasible method with acceptable surgical risks and satisfactory results.It can achieve long term result with less risk of spinal cord deficits and good quality of daily life.

Objective Retrospectively analyze the mid-term clinical results of single-stage repair of extensive aortic aneurysms with total or subtotal aortic replacement(T/STAR).This study describes our experience in this operation in single center of aortic disease at Fuwai Hospital.Methods From February 2004 to February 2011,21 patients with hypertension or Marfan syndrome underwent one-stage total or subtotal aortic replacement for aortic dissection or aortic aneurysms.16 male and 5 female,aged (34 ±9) years.Operations wore performed under circulatory arrest with profound hypothermia.Patients were opened with a mid-sternotomy and a thoracoabdominal incision.Extracorporeal circulation was instituted with two arterial cannulae and a single venous cannula in the right atrium.During cooling,the ascending aorta or aortic root was replaced.At the nasopharyngeal temperature of 20 ℃,the aortic arch was replaced with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion.Staged aortic occlusions allowed for replacement of descending thoracic and abdominal aorta.T6 to T12 intercostal arteries and L1,2 lumbar arteries were formed to a neo-intercostal artery in place and were connected to an 8 mm branch for keeping spinal cord blood perfusion.Visceral arteries were joined into a patch and anastomosed to the end of the main graft.Left renal artery was anastomosed to an 8mm branch or joined to the patch.The other 10 mm branches were anastomosed to iliac arteries.Results Early mortality was4.8％ ( 1/21 eases),the only one patient was dead result from renal failure and multiple organ failure.There were no postoperative spinal cord deficits occurred,two patients were stroked at day 5th and 7th respectively.Three patients were operated with tracheotomy because of respiratory insufficiency.Operation was undertaken on one patient with splenenctomy result of spleen rupture during first aortic aneurysms repair.All patients were follow-up,ranging from 18 to 84 months postoperatively,all 20 survivors were alive and had good functional status.One patient was reoperated with aortic valve replacement because of massive valve insufficiency after two years.Neo- intercostal arteries were clogged in 3 patients within follow-up,and two of those patients with Marfan syndrome underwent pseudoaneurysm after intercostal arteries reconstruction.Conclusion Single-stage repair of extensive aortic aneurysms with total or subtotal aortic replacement is safely and effectively.It is feasible with acceptable surgical risks and satisfactory results.It can eliminate the risk of remnant aortic aneurysm rupture in staged total aortic replacement and has satisfactory mid-term results.