Objective To study the immunosuppressive mechanism of alkaloid sinomenine (SIN) by observing the effects of SIN on the proliferation and intracellular protein expression levels of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in CD4+ T lymphocytes of human periphery blood. Methods CD4+ T lymphocytes were isolated from PBMC suspensions with immunomagnetic beads and divided into five groups to culture. (1) Negative control group: no medicine was added to cell culture medium; (2) Positive control group: CsA solution (final concentration: 50ng/ml) was added to cell culture media; (3) Low-concentration SIN group (L-SIN): low-concentration SIN solution (final concentration: 10 μmol/L) was added to cell culture media; (4) Middle-concentration SIN group (M-SIN): middle-concentration SIN solution (final concentration: 200 μmol/L) was added to cell culture media; (5) High-concentration SIN group (H-SIN): high-concentration SIN solution (final concentration: 1000 tmol/L) was added to cell culture media. The proliferations of CD4+ T lymphocytes were observed. Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expression levels of NF-AT. FCM was used to determine the levels of IFN-γ. Results Compared with negative control group, the cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in H- and M-SIN groups (P＜0. 01 ). SIN concentration-dependently inhibited the protein expression levels of NF-AT and IFN-γ in CD4+ T lymphocytes of human periphery blood (P＜0.01). The protein expression levels of NF-AT and IFN-γ were lowest in positive control group. There was a close negative correlation between intracellular levels of NF-AT and cell proliferation inhibition ratio in CD4+ T lymphocytes of human periphery blood (rs = - 0. 969, P = 0. 000). Conclusion SIN can inhibit the protein expression of NF-AT and IFN-γ in CD4+ T lymphocytes of human periphery blood probably by decreasing protein levels of NF-AT to inhibit the activity and proliferation of CD4+ T lymphocytes.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Oral Medicine ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; diagnosis

Objective To assess the frequency of different subtype of spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) in Chinese Han population. Methods The nueleotide repeat mutations of SCA1, SCA2, SCA3/ MJD, SCA6, SCAT, SCA8, SCA10, SCA12, SCA17 and dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) were detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), Southern blot, recombinant DNA technology by T-vector cloning and direct sequencing technique in a cohort of 559 Mainland Chinese patients affected by spinocerebellar ataxia, including 363 families with autosomal dominant SCA (AD-SCA) and 196 sporadic cases. Results Among the 363 AD-SCA families, 15 families (4. 13%) were positive for SCA1, 26 (7. 16%) for SCA2, 187 (51.52%) for SCA3/MJD, 6 (1.65%) for SCA6, 7 (1.93%) for SCA7, 1 (0. 28%) for SCA12 and 1 (0. 28%) positive for SCA17; 120(33. 06%) were negative for all the tested SCAs. There were 2 (1.02%) SCAI, 3 (1.53%) SCA2, 15 (7. 65%) SCA3/MJD, 3 (1.53%) SCA6 and 173 (88.27%) not identified in the 196 sporadic SCA patients. None of the SCA8, SCA10 and DRPLA mutation was found. Conclusions SCA3/MJD is a substantially common subtype of AD-SCAs and sporadic SCA in Chinese Han patients with SCAs, subsequently followed by SCA2, SCA1, SCAT and SCA6; SCA12 and SCA17 are uncommon subtypes, while SCA8, SCA10, and DRPLA are rare, if not absent. SCA17 subtype was initially identified in mailand China. Some other genes might be causative in those unidentified AD-SCA pedigrees, and other etiological factors besides genetic cause might contribute for those sporadic cases.

Objective: To explore the safety and strategy of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) combining coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) as one-stop performance in treating the patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and thoracic aorta disease. Methods: A total of 20 patients received one-stop treatment of TEVAR combining CABG in our hospital from 2009-04 to 2016-01 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 18 male and the mean age of patients was (65.2±8.5, 51-82) years. The performance strategy and peri-operative management were studied. Results: There were 1/20 patient received 2 stents implantation in thoracic aorta and 19 received 1 stent in thoracic aorta those including 1 case with endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm, 1 with right iliac artery stent implantation and 1 with carotid endarterectomy at meanwhile. The average number of coronary artery bypass branch was (2.4±0.94, 1-4) and 10 (50%) patients received internal mammary artery grafting. The average in-hospital time in all 20 patients was (22.4±11.6, 8-58) days. There were 6 (30%) patients received blood transfusion; 1 (5%) having low cardiac output syndrome received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), then received the second thoracotomy for hemostasis due to excessive pleural effusion; 2 (10%) patients died at 30 days post-operation. 1 patient lost contact and 17 received clinical or telephone follow-up visit at the average of (13.4+13.6, 1-49) months; 2 patients died for cerebral hemorrhage at 12 and 49 months post-operation, the rest 15 had disappeared symptoms and improved quality of life, no operation related death occurred. Conclusion: TEVAR combining CABG as one-stop performance presented good mid-term effect in treating the patients with CAD and thoracic aorta disease; in otherwise, the operative time and risk might be increased by two step performance.

Objective To investigate whether EGFR gene mutations are correlated with the gene expression of ERCC1 and TYMS in non-small-cell lung cancer .Methods Collected February to December 2013 of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) pa-tients eligible for enrolled 97 patients ,tumor tissue specimens obtained by intraoperative cut or puncture ,Gene expression of ERCC1 and TYMS were determined by branched-DNA liquid chip ,while somatic mutations in EGFR(E18 ,E19 ,E20 ,E21) gene were detec-ted by xTAG-liquid chip;And analysis of EGFR gene mutation associated with ERCC1 ,TYMS mRNA expression .Results Totally 29 cases of EGFR mutation were detected in all 97 specimens ,with a mutation rate of 30% (29/97) ,and a relatively high detection rate was observed in female ,adenocarcinoma and non-smoking patients(P<0 .05) .EGFR mutation was relevant to the expression of ERCC1(χ2 =4 .088 ,P<0 .05) ,EGFR mutation was irrelevant to the expression of TYMS(χ2 =0 .265 ,P>0 .05) .Conclusion In NSCLC tissues ,EGFR mutation is relevant to the expression of ERCC1 but irrelevant to the expression of TYMS .

Objective To evaluate the long-term safety, efficacy and complications of placement vena cava filter in prevention of pulmonary embolism. Methods Seventy-three patients with proven diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and (or) pulmonary embolism (PE) by Doppler ultrasonography, DSA, CT or MRI, received percutaneous inferior vena cava filters (IVCF) from January 1994 to June 2005. The clinical data and imaging findings were evaluated retrospectively. The patients underwent telephone interview or questionnaire, abdominal X-rays, Doppler ultrasonography, computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) or indirect CT venography (CTV) after a follow-up duration of 5 months to 11 years. Results Seventy-eight vena cava filters were used. There was 1 case of incomplete filter opening when placing filter. In follow-up, thrombi were trapped in the filter in 2 cases, filter tilting happened in 1 case, and there were no filter migration, filter disruption, filter perforation. Five of 73 cases were lost in follow-up visit, 14 patients died after implantation (5 days to 41 months, average 14.5 months). Among the 54 living patients, the identified recurrent PE was not noted. Three cases of recurrent DVT, 1 case of inferior vena caval thrombosis and 1 case of thrombosed filters were seen in follow- up. Conclusion Inferior veua cava filter is safe and effective for the long-term prevention pulmonary embolism, and the long-term major complications after filter placement are not frequent.

Objective To undertake an updated genetic spectrum analysis in patients with hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) in mainland China. Methods SCA 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 17 and dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) nucleotide repeat mutations were detected in 430 families with autosomal dominant SCA (ADCA) and 237 patients with sporadic ataxias by PCR and DNA sequencing. Subsequently, point and Indel (Insertion/deletion) mutation analyses of SCA5, SCA11, SCA13, SCA14, SCA15/16/29, SCA27, SCA31 and SCA35 were detected in 91 families with ADCA and 196 patients with sporadic ataxias excluded from SCA1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 17 and DRPLA genotypes via PCR and Denaturing High Performance Liquid Chromatography (PCR-DHPLC), Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and DNA direct sequencing analysis. Results Among the 430 ADCA families, there were 25 SCA1 (5.81%), 27 SCA2 (6.28%), 267 SCA3/MJD (62.09%), 8 SCA6 (1.86%), 8 SCA7 (1.86%), 1 SCA12 (0.23%), 1 SCA17 (0.23%) and 2 SCA35 (0.47%), and the remaining 91 families (21.16%) were genetically unidentified. Among the 237 sporadic SCA patients, there were 6 SCA1 (2.53%), 9 SCA2 (3.80%), 23 SCA3/MJD (9.70%) and 3 SCA6 (1.27%), and the remaining 196 (82.7%) were genetically unidentified. No pathogenic point mutation causing SCA5, SCA11, SCA13, SCA14, SCA27 or SCA31 subtypes was found. Conclusion SCA3/MJD is substantially the most common subtype in patients with ADCA and sporadic forms in mainland China, followed by SCA2, SCA1, SCA6 and SCA7. While SCA12, SCA17 and SCA35 are seldom found, SCA5, SCA8, SCA10, SCA11, SCA13, SCA27, SCA31 and DRPLA are very rare. The high proportion of genetically unidentified cases further verify that SCAs are of highly genetic heterogeneity, suggesting that other disease-causing genes might be involved in the negative ADCA pedigrees, and other etiological factors may involve in those sporadic cases other than genetics.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) types 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 12, and 17 from Chinese Han.

METHODSThe pathological CAG triplet repeat expansions of the SCA1, SCA2, SCA3/Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), SCA6, SCA7, SCA12 and SCA17 genes were analyzed in a cohort of 559 Mainland Chinese patients affected by spinocerebellar ataxia, including 363 probands from families with autosomal dominant SCA and 196 sporadic cases. Polymerase chain reaction, agarose gel electrophoresis, recombinant DNA technology by T-vector cloning and direct sequencing were performed to detect the CAG-repeat number of abnormal allele.

RESULTSAmong the 559 SCA patients, twenty-three were positive for SCA1, the ranges of expanded CAG repeats were from 39 to 60 (mean:51.09+/-4.88); thirty-two were positive for SCA2, the ranges of expanded CAG repeats were from 36 to 51 (mean:40.34+/-4.40); three hundred and five were positive for SCA3/MJD, the ranges of expanded CAG repeats were from 49 to 86 (mean:73.84+/-5.07); nine were positive for SCA6, the ranges of expanded CAG repeats were from 23 to 29 (mean:25.56+/-1.94); twenty-seven were positive for SCA7, the ranges of expanded CAG repeats were from 38 to 71(mean:58.22+/-10.90); three were positive for SCA12, the ranges of expanded CAG repeats were from 51 to 52 (mean:51.33+/-0.58); and finally, two were positive for SCA17, the range of expanded CAG repeats were from 53 to 55 (mean:54.00+/-1.41).

CONCLUSIONThe 39 CAG repeats of SCA1, 49 CAG repeats of SCA3 and 51 CAG repeats of SCA12 are all the shortest known causative expanded alleles, while the 86 CAG repeats of SCA3/MJD is the largest full expanded allele that has never been reported. Furthermore, it is the first report of SCA17 subtype in Mainland Chinese and first research that established the abnormal reference standard of CAG repeat number of different subtypes of SCA in Chinese Han.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; genetics ; Ataxin-7 ; Ataxins ; Base Sequence ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; Protein Phosphatase 2 ; genetics ; Spinocerebellar Ataxias ; ethnology ; genetics ; Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical efficacy of the treatment of comminuted patellar fractures with internal NiTi-Patellar concentrator and tension bind wire fixation.

METHODSFrom March 2004 to June 2007, 38 cases of fresh comminuted patellar fractures were treated with internal NiTi-Patellar concentrator and tension bind wire fixation. There were 25 males and 13 females,ranging from 21 to 64 years (mean 42.5 years). All were comminuted fractures with displacement, 16 cases were 3 fragments, 14 cases were 4 fragments, 8 cases were 5 fragments. There were other fractures in 8 cases. During followed-up, knee function and complications were evaluated.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 8 to 24 months (mean 15 months) and obtained complete bone union. No case of implant was loosening and fragment displacement, traumatic arthritis occured in 2 cases. Under Lysholm & Gillquist score, the results were excellent in 17 cases, good in 19, fair in 2.

CONCLUSIONInternal Ni-Ti-Patellar concentrator and tension bind wire fixation is one of the ideal methods for the treatment of comminuted patellar fracture, which could provide satisfied reduction, reliable fixation and good functional recovery.

Adult ; Bone Wires ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Fractures, Comminuted ; surgery ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nickel ; Patella ; injuries ; surgery ; Titanium ; Young Adult

Child ; China ; Humans ; Living Donors ; Lung Injury ; therapy ; Lung Transplantation ; methods ; Male