Objective To investigate whether EGFR gene mutations are correlated with the gene expression of ERCC1 and TYMS in non-small-cell lung cancer .Methods Collected February to December 2013 of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) pa-tients eligible for enrolled 97 patients ,tumor tissue specimens obtained by intraoperative cut or puncture ,Gene expression of ERCC1 and TYMS were determined by branched-DNA liquid chip ,while somatic mutations in EGFR(E18 ,E19 ,E20 ,E21) gene were detec-ted by xTAG-liquid chip;And analysis of EGFR gene mutation associated with ERCC1 ,TYMS mRNA expression .Results Totally 29 cases of EGFR mutation were detected in all 97 specimens ,with a mutation rate of 30% (29/97) ,and a relatively high detection rate was observed in female ,adenocarcinoma and non-smoking patients(P<0 .05) .EGFR mutation was relevant to the expression of ERCC1(χ2 =4 .088 ,P<0 .05) ,EGFR mutation was irrelevant to the expression of TYMS(χ2 =0 .265 ,P>0 .05) .Conclusion In NSCLC tissues ,EGFR mutation is relevant to the expression of ERCC1 but irrelevant to the expression of TYMS .

Objective To develop a sinusoidal alternating magnetic field therapy system in order to overcome the disadvantages of the single output frequency and the low effective value of the output magnetic field strength of the alternating magnetic field therapy system in the market,of which the frequency and magnetic density both were continuously adjustable. Methods Multi winding Helmholtz coil was used as the magnetic field generator.On the basis of inverter technology,bipolar equivalent area method considering dead zone and variable speed integral incremental PID control algorithm were used to achieve the accuracy control of magnetic frequency and density in the coil.The accuracy of the resulting waveform and the accuracy of the magnetic field strength was verified by simulation calculation and system current and magnetic field strength test.Results The magnetic field treatment system gained high performance,total harmonic distortion (THD)of sine wave met the requirements of international standards.The obtained magnetic density was as expected of the simulation and calculation. Conclusion The device provides continuously adjustable magnetic field,which has a positive effect on the research for the medical staff, and technical references are provided to the research of magnetic field therapy system.

OBJECTIVETo explore the characteristics of the whole genome of the influenza H1N1 virus of the mild and severe cases in Beijing.

METHODSA total of 21 samples of throat swabs were collected from surveillance-designated hospitals between June and December in 2009, including 10 severe cases (4 death cases) and 11 mild cases. RNA of the virus were extracted,and the amplified primers of the whole genome were designed.Reverse transcription and PCR were performed to the RNA and then the PCR product was sequenced by software to analyze the evolution of the viral genes and the variation of the amino acids.

RESULTSCompared with the reference vaccine strain A/California/07/2009 (H1N1), the genetic nucleotide homology in the eight segments of the pandemic H1N1 virus in Beijing in 2009 was higher than 99%, without significant variation. Among them,the genetic distance of hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA) and nucleoprotein (NP) was comparatively far, separately 0.0050, 0.0040 and 0.0040.The gene of HA, P83S, the gene of NA, N248D, the gene of polymerase (PA), P224S and the gene of NP, V100I and L122Q were found to mutate in all the samples. Genes of HA, NA, NP, PA, PB 2 and nonstructural protein (NS1) in severe cases showed obviously clustered evolution. The mutation of gene S128P and S203T of HA, gene R269R and D547E of PA, gene T588I of PB 2 and gene I123V of NS mainly happened in severe cases, separately counting 6, 9, 6, 7, 9 and 6 cases. The relevance between the mutation happened in S203T of HA, R269K and D547E of PA and the severeness of the cases showed statistical significance (P < 0.05). The mutations of HA gene were mainly on the Ca and Cb antigene domains. No drug resistant mutation was found on NA gene but happened on matrix protein 2 (M2 gene). None of the mutations were found on the virulence related genes.

CONCLUSIONA high homology was found between the pandemic H1N1 virus in Beijing in 2009 and the reference vaccine strain A/California/07/2009(H1N1). Mutational sites related with the severe and fatal cases were found, but not the virulence related mutation.

Base Sequence ; China ; epidemiology ; Genes, Viral ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Viral ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; genetics ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; virology ; Neuraminidase ; genetics ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Viral Core Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of a Chinese medicine compound, Naoerkang (NEK), on amyloid-beta peptide (1-42; Aβ(1-42)) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expressions in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease (AD) model rats.

METHODSA total of 48 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control, untreated, and piracetam groups, and low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose NEK groups, with 8 rats in each group. The 5-μL aggregated Aβ(1-42) (2 μg/μL) were injected into both CA1 areas of the hippocampus in the rats to establish an AD model, whereas the normal control was treated with the same dose of normal saline. The rats in the NEK groups were treated with a high, medium, or low dose of NEK [60 g/(kg·d), 30 g/(kg·d), and 15 g/(kg·d)], respectively, intragastrically for 28 days; piracetam (0.375 g/kg, intragastrically) was consecutively administered in the piracetam group; and normal saline was applied in the normal control and untreated groups. A Y-maze test was used for behavioral study to test the learning and memory abilities. Aβ(1-42) and MMP-9 expressions in the hippocampus was determined immunohistochemically, and the results were analyzed by image acquisition and an analysis system.

RESULTSAggregated Aβ(1-42) induced obvious learning and memory dysfunction, as well as up-regulation of Aβ(1-42) expression in the hippocampus. Compared with those in the normal control group, the learning and memory abilities of rats in the untreated group significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the expression of Aβ(1-42) was significantly increased (P<0.01). Twenty-eight days after different treatments, compared with those in the untreated group, the learning and memory abilities of AD model rats in the piracetam, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose NEK groups were significantly improved (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and the expression of Aβ(1-42) in the hippocampus decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and MMP-9 increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05), especially in the high-dose NEK group.

CONCLUSIONNEK might play a role of anti-dementia by increasing the expression of MMP-9 in the hippocampus of AD model rats, resulting in the reduction of the quantity of Aβ(1-42) and improvement in learning and memory ability in AD model rats.

Alzheimer Disease ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; metabolism ; Animals ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Memory ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To obtain pressure-volume relatioship for the rabbit eye in vivo. Method Physiological salt solution was injected with the rate of 20 μL/min through the limbus to the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye for 100 min and the intraocular pressure (IOP) was recorded. Results The relationship between IOP and injection time could be fitted to a segmented function with a characteristic point called IOPg. The ocular rigidity coefficients before and after this IOPg were (4.02±0.86) mmH2O/μL and (2.43±0.94) mmH2O/μL, respectively (1 mmH2O=9.8 Pa), showing significant difference. Conclusions IOPg existed in all curves of IOP and injection time and the ocular rigidity coefficients were dependent on the injection rate and position of IOPg. Parameters of the fit function between IOP and injection time have definite physiological significance.

Objective To establish a three-dimensional (3D) visualization model for the vessel system of rabbit eyes using X-ray phase contrast imaging（XPCI）technique, and observe the morphological characteristics of iris vessels of the rabbit eyes. Methods Angiography on vessels of the New Zealand rabbit eyes was conducted using Barium sulfate as the contrast medium. The projected images of in vitro rabbit eye samples with high precision were obtained by XPCI technique, and then converted to tomography images by filter back projection. The 3D reconstruction of the rabbit eyes was completed by commercial visualization software Amira 5.2.2. Results The main blood vessels of the rabbit eyes were clear and coherent in the projection images, and the distribution and trend of some small vessels could be observed, with the smallest distinguishable blood vessel diameter being about 10 μm. The 3D model for vessel network of the rabbit eyes was built after 3D reconstruction of CT scan images. The major arterial circle of the iris could be observed at level 4 branch structure of vessels in the fundus, and the minimum diameter of vessels that could be identified was 40 μm. Conclusions The vessels of the rabbit eyes can be clearly observed and 3D visualization of vessel network can be constructed by using XPCI technique, which would provide basis for the analysis on hemodynamics of blood vessels in the eye and reference for the clinical study of glaucoma.

OBJECTIVETo explore the value of different types of samples, including throat swabs, stools, bloods in pandemic A (H1N1) influenza diagnosis and virus shedding patterns.

METHODSFrom May to June in 2009, 135 samples were collected from 23 confirmed cases of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infection, including 99 throat swabs, 14 stools, 11 bloods, 1 respiratory tract washing from 13 confirmed cases and 10 blood samples from other confirmed cases. The virus was detected by real-time RT-PCR, the antibody was detected by haemagglutination inhibition assay.

RESULTSFor 99 throat swabs of 13 patients, the median time of the first positive real-time RT-PCR was 1 day (ranged from 0 to 7 days) after the onset of the symptoms of illness; the median length of time duration of positive real-time RT-PCR results from throat swabs was 3 days (ranged from 1 to 15 days). Four cases intermittently released virus. One respiratory tract washing sample was positive. In 14 stools, 8 stools were real-time RT-PCR positive, the positive rate was 57.14%. The median time of the positive real-time RT-PCR was 3 days (ranged from 1 to 4 days) after the onset of the symptoms of illness. In 21 blood samples collected at 2 to 9 days of onset, 1 blood sample was real-time RT-PCR positive, the positive rate was 4.76%. All these 21 blood samples were antibody negative.

CONCLUSIONThroat swabs and stools samples can be used as A (H1N1) influenza early diagnosis. The length of time duration of positive real-time RT-PCR in throat swabs was longer than stool samples and intermittently releasing of virus were found in throat swabs. Influenza A H1N1 cases showed the presence of small amount of viremia and antibody was negative in early blood samples (< 9 days).

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; analysis ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; immunology ; Influenza, Human ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Virus Shedding ; Young Adult

Objective To quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures against pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in Beijing, 2009 and to provide evidence for developing and adjusting strategies for prevention and control of the disease. Methods Considering the seasonality and the number of vaccination on pandemic influenza A (H1N1) , data regarding pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in Beijing were collected and analyzed. Based on the dynamics of infectious disease transmission, a quantitative model for evaluation of prevention and control measures was developed. Results Both latency and infectious periods of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) were estimated to be 1.82 days and 2.08 days, respectively. The effective reproduction numbers of the three periods were 1.13,1.65 and 0.96, respectively. Thanks to the implementation of a series of measures to prevent and control pandemic influenza A (H1N1), the cumulative number of laboratory-confirmed cases of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) was reduced, making it much smaller than what would have been under the natural situation. Specifically, the program on pandemic (H1N1) 2009 vaccination reduced the cumulative number of laboratory-confirmed cases by 24.08% and postponed the peak time. Conclusion Measures that had been taken during this period, had greatly contributed to the successful prevention and control of pandemic influenza A (H1N1). The 2009 Pandemic (H1N1)vaccination was confirmed to have contributed to the decrease of cumulative number of laboratoryconfirmed cases and postponed the peak arrival time.

Objective To analyze the results of detection on influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus in Beijing from May 2009 to December 2009 and to understand the epidemiologic characteristics during the pandemic period. Methods The study was conducted from the May 1 to December 27,2009. A total of 101 852 throat swab samples were detected with the real-time RT-PCR assay by the Beijing Network Laboratory. Data was statistically analyzed. Results 9843 samples showed influenza A (H1N1) 2009 positive, with an overall positive rate as 9.66%. In terms of the positive rates, they were 2.85% from May to June, 3.32% from July to August and 8.35% from September to October. The peak month fell in November (29.67%) and December (24.33%). The positive rates among the following subpopulations were: 8.40% among the suspected cases, 4.75% among close contact cases, 11.46% among the influenza-like illness cases and 7.33% among the cluster cases with fever. Positive cases mainly fell in age groups 5-14 and 15-24. The ratio of male to female was 1.5:1.Conclusion During the pandemic period of influenza A (H1N1) 2009, positive cases gradually increased during May to November but slowly decreasing in December.

OBJECTIVETo observe the change of behavior, pathological change of the spinal cord,and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (NGF) on rats with spinal cord injury in order to explore the optimal time of BMSCs transplantation.

METHODSEighty health SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups (group A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H), 10 rats in each group. According to the modified Allen method,the rat model of spinal cord injury was built. Group A as non-injured group only exposed the spinal cord but not result in blast injury. BMSCs of vitro culture were respectively infunded the region of spinal cord injury in group C, D, E, F, G, H (as transplantation groups) at the 0 h, 6 h, 24 h,3 d,5 d,7 d after model made. Group B as single model group was infunded the equal cell culture fluid. BBB score was used to evaluate the function of spinal cord at the 1st,2nd and 4th weeks after injury. The morphological changes of the tissue of spinal cord injury were observed by HE stain and the expression of BDNF and NGF were detected by Elisa method at the 4th weeks after BMSCs transplantation.

RESULTSIn non-injured group,BBB score was highest than that of other 7 groups at the 1st, 2nd and 4th weeks after injury (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in BBB score between single model group and transplantation groups at the 1st week after BMSCs transplantation (P>0.05). BBB score in transplantation groups were higher than that of single model group at the 2nd and 4th weeks after BMSCs transplantation (P<0.05). At the 2nd week after injury, BBB score from high to low was group F,E,G,D,H,C,but there was no significant difference among the groups (P>0.05). At the 4th week after injury,there was significant differences in BBB score between group F and other transplantation groups (group C,D,E,G,H)(P0.05). The levels of BDNF and NGF in group F was highest at the 4th week after BMSCs transplantation (P<0.05). In non-injured group,HE staining showed the struction of spinal cord was clear and complete,no neutrophil was found. But in other 7 groups,HE staining showed obviously oedema at local tissue,juncture of gray and white matter was undefined,and different gliocyte proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltrate cound be found.

CONCLUSIONAllogeneic BMSCs transplantation is effective to stimulate the recovery of spinal cord function in rats with spinal cord injury,and the optimal time of BMSCs transplantation maybe at the 3 d after injury.

Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; genetics ; Female ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Nerve Growth Factor ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Transplantation, Homologous