Objective:In order to study the morphological diversification in heterotopic liver auxiliary transplantation(HLAT). Methods:HLAT model in rats was established, the status of rats survival and graft function was evaluated postoperatively by rheometer, SPECT electrical microscope etc. Results:Rat HLAT model was feasible, the operative success rate was 93.3%, one week postoperative survival rate was 80%,the survival time without complications was more than 3 months. The function of the native liver was not affected, as the time goes by, the graft become atrophic after 45 days postoperatively. Conclusion:In HLAT model, the function of the native liver was not affected, 45-days-after the transplantation, the graft become atrophic.

Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6)/chemokine ligand 20(CCL20) axis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods From March 2003 to December 2005,48 patients with HCC were selected,and one specimen of HCC tissue and one of corresponding adjacent tissue were taken from every patient.Another eight patients with benign liver lesions were selected,and one specimen of surgical sectioned normal liver tissue of each was taken.The relative expression quantity of CCR6 and CCL20 at mRNA level was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).And the expression of CCR6 and CCL20 at protein level was determined by immunohistochemisty methods.One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for comparison among groups of measurement data.Chi-square test was used for rate comparison.The correlation coefficient was calculated by Spearman's method.Survival curves were plotted by Kaplan-Meier method and the survival rate was compared by Log-rank test.Results The relative expression quantity of CCR6/CCL20 at mRNA level in HCC tissues (0.99±0.21 and 0.46± 0.11) were significantly higher than those of para carcinoma tissues (0.33 ± 0.09 and 0.31 ± 0.07) and normal liver tissues (0.22±0.06 and 0.28±0.05),and the differences were statistically significant (F=127.43 and 21.10,both P＜0.05).The positive percentage of CCR6 protein expression in HCC tissues (54.17％,26/48) was significantly higher than that in para carcinoma tissues (16.67％,8/48) and normal liver tissues (0/8),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =19.55,P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the positive percentage of CCL20 protein expression among HCC tissues (50.00％,24/48),paracarcinoma tissues (33.33％,16/48),normal liver tissues (2/8) (all P＜0.05).There was correlation between the positive percentage of CCR6 protein expression and that of CCL20 protein expression in HCC tissues (r=0.42,P＜0.05).The positive percentage of CCR6 protein expression was correlated with the pTNM stage of HCC,vascular tumor thrombosis,intrahepatic metastasis and lung metastasis (x2 =5.48,4.02,5.07 and 5.19,all P＜0.05).The positive percentage of CCL20 expression was significantly correlated to tumor maximum diameter and pTNM stage (x2 =4.09 and 4.00,both P＜0.05).Both the disease-free survival (DFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate of CCR6-positive group were significantly lower than those of negative group (x2 =4.57 and 6.57,both P＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in DFS rate and OS rate between CCL20-positive group and negative group (both P＞0.05).Conclusion CCR6/CCL20 axis may be related with the malignant behavior and the prognosis of HCC.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, prevention and control strategies, measures and the effects achieved of malaria in Huangshi City from 1951 to 2021, and to offer a reference for further strengthening malaria eradication and control successes. Methods　Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to assess the prevalence, measurements, and impacts of malaria in different time periods based on data for malaria control in Huangshi City from 1951 to 2021, and we created "semi-log" line graphs and charts to display the prevalence of disease and the effort done in prior years in terms of prevention and control. Results　Between 1951 and 2021, 527 780 cases of malaria were recorded in Huangshi, with an average annual incidence rate of 40.07/10 000. The prevention and control of malaria has gone through four stages, namely, the high prevalence of malaria stage (1951-1979), the basic elimination stage (1980-1999), the consolidation stage (2000-2010), and the eradication stage (2011-2021). Different strategies and measures have been adopted in different epidemic periods. During the high epidemic period, great efforts have been made to carry out general surveys and treatments, and strengthen the management of symptomatic patients; during the eradication stage, prominent and classified prevention and control strategies were adopted. When the incidence rate dropped to below 1/10 000, the main measures adopted were malaria monitoring, including timely discovery and standardization of infectious sources, disposal of epidemic points, management of migrant population malaria and vector monitoring. Through active prevention and control, remarkable results were achieved, and the incidence rate of malaria fell to below 1/10 000 in 1989, reaching the level of "basic elimination of malaria" issued by the Ministry in 1999, and passed the provincial malaria elimination acceptance in 2015. In recent years, with the increasing labor exports and foreign exchanges, imported malaria has been on the rise. African countries are the main sources of imported malaria, and the main species is P.falciparum. Conclusions　Malaria was once one of the main infectious diseases endangering the health of people in Huangshi City. The preventive and control methods and procedures adopted in different epidemic periods are effective. Currently, we have entered the consolidation phase of malaria elimination, with the focus of work being to monitor, report, and timely and effectively respond to imported malaria cases, thus reducing the risk of local transmission.

italic>Cynanchum wallichii and Cynanchum otophyllum belong to the genus Cynanchum in the family Apocynaceae, and are important medicinal plants. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the chloroplast genomes of C. wallichii and C. otophyllum, and performed a phylogenetic analysis of the structural characteristics of their chloroplast genomes and their phylogenetic positions. The results showed that the chloroplast genomes of both C. wallichii and C. otophyllum had a typical tetrad structure, with 133 genes annotated, and the total GC contents of both were similar. Codon preference analysis showed that the relative synonymous codon usage in the chloroplast genomes of C. wallichii and C. otophyllum differed slightly, but the differences were not significant, and there was a strong A or U preference at the third codon position. In both chloroplast genomes, 91 and 103 simple sequence repeats were detected respectively, and the largest proportion of A/T type repeats. Nucleotide polymorphism analysis showed that the nucleotide diversity of the intergenic sequences in the chloroplast genome of genus Cynanchum were generally higher than those of the common gene sequences. A pair of primers was designed based on the high variation region of the chloroplast genome to identify C. wallichii and C. otophyllum. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the C. wallichii and Cynanchum thesioides were the closest relatives, while the C. otophyllum, Cynanchum bungei and Cynanchum wilfordii formed a stable monophyletic clade within the genus Cynanchum, and the three species were closely related. The comparative analysis of the chloroplast genomic characteristics and phylogeny of C. wallichii and C. otophyllum will provide a theoretical basis for the species identification of the two plants and for the study of genetic diversity and phylogeny of the genus Cynanchum.

Palmatine, the main effective ingredient of Fibraurea recisa, is a typical berberine isoquinoline alkaloid with extensive anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. In this work, the studies of metabolomics and transcriptomics were utilized to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that are significantly associated with the synthesis of palmatine. In addition, eight of these DEGs were verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). A total of 106 alkaloids were detected in the metabolomics study, including 23 isoquinoline alkaloids. Palmatine ranked in the top ten of differential metabolites in the group of root vs leaf, and its relative content in root was about 47.5 times higher than that in leaf. In the transcriptomics study, a total of 188 genes were annotated to the pathway of isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis. Among them, there were 36 DEGs were significantly different. In the comparison group of root and leaf, a total of 33 DEGs were significantly different, and 30 DEGs were annotated on the biosynthetic pathway of palmatine. Finally, the results of the correlation analysis between metabolomics and transcriptomics showed that the expression patterns of four gene sequences were screened to be significantly correlated with palmatine. The results of qRT-PCR experiments showed that the expression trends of eight DEGs were consistent with the results of transcriptomic. This study not only enriched the omics data of F. recisa, but also established the foundation for the study of the synthetic biology of palmatine. It further provided a reference for the analysis of the key enzyme genes on the biosynthetic pathway of other isoquinoline alkaloids.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of traditional open thyroidectomy and modified Miccoli in the treatment of benign thyroid diseases.Methods:The data of 343 patients with benign thyroid disease in Xi′an Central Hospital and Xi′an Third Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. According to the surgical method, the patients were divided into the observation group (modified Miccoli operation, n=169) and the control group (traditional open operation, n=174). The operation effect, postoperative recovery, patient satisfaction, postoperative complications and recurrence within 1 year of follow-up were compared between the two groups.Count data were represented by n(%), measurement data consistent with normal distribution were represented by Mean± SD, and non-normal data were represented by M( P25, P75). T test or Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare the measurement data between groups according to their distribution characteristics. Comparison of statistical data between groups was made by chi-square test. Results:The intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage volume of the patients in the observation group were 26.2 (6.9, 40.8) ml and (33.4±8.6) ml, respectively, which were significantly less than those in the control group 50.6 (37.5, 63.7) ml and (35.7±9.5) ml (all P<0.05). The postoperative recovery time in the observation group was (3.9±2.8) d, which was significantly shorter than that in the control group (5.1±2.4) d ( P=0.001). Postoperative complications such as hoarseness, subcutaneous ecchymosis, scar formation and decreased parathyroid function were significantly different between the two groups ( P<0.05). The recurrence rate of 7.69% in the observation group was significantly lower than that of 19.54% in the control group 12 months after operation ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The modified Miccoli in the treatment of benign thyroid diseases not only has the advantages of less trauma, faster postoperative recovery, less pain and higher patient satisfaction, but also has lower postoperative complications and recurrence rate, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Objective To investigate proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(~1H-MRS)findings and value on dog's brain contusion and laceration.Methods Models of focal brain contusion and laceration in 10 dogs were established through hitting on the right frontal-parietal lobe with a freely drop of 200g weight at 1.3 m height.Serial examinations(1 h,24 h,72 h,5 day,8 day and 14 day after trauma)were performed with conventional MRI and ~1H-MRS.NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr and NAA/Cho rates were analyzed with GE system 1.5 T scanner and relative software.After examination,all dogs were executed to death. Pathological study was performed at local brain contusion.Results 1 h and 24 h-post trauma,NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr、NAA/Cho were significantly reduced(NAA/Cr 0.843?0.214,0.862?0.204,contralateral ones 1.069?0.284,1.048?0.232,t=-7.227,-6.718,Cho/Cr 1.181?0.224,1.243?0.134,contralateral 1.415?0.305,1.455?0.159,t=-4.332,-4.489,NAA/Cho 0.701?0.147,0.536?0.136, contralateral 0.832?0.245,0.613?0.165,t=-2.652,-2.665.P＜0.05).Microscopy showed focal petechial hemorrhage and necrosis,neuron loss,neuraxonal swelling and small glial cell slightly hyperplasia.Five day post trauma,Cho/Cr was significantly elevated in comparison with contralateral ones (1.517?0.197,contralateral 1.387?0.214,t=3.758.P＜0.05).Pathologically,inflammatory was obvious,peri-angiitis,granula tissue and fibrosis were seen.8—14 day later,NAA/Cr was not significantly reduced(0.895?0.105,0.875?0.153,contralateral 0.989?0.169,0.990?0.173,t=-2.909, -2.471.P＞0.05),Cho/Cr was significantly increased(1.457?0.168,1.572?0.374,contralaterl 1.334?0.174,1.366?0.352,t=7.312,3.201.P＜0.05)Inflammatory and gila1 hyperplasia was more significant,granuloma were seen.Lipid and Lac peak were not seen at all stages.Conclusion MRS could be a methods to monitor neuron injury and repair,and dynamically to detect the metabolic changes of brain contusion and laceration,reflecting injury severity and provide theory data for early treatment and predicting long-term outcome after trauma.

Jiangsu province is rich in intertidal marine resources,especially gastropod and bivalve shellfish.In this study,we performed shotgun proteomic analysis on shellfish from Lüsi,Jiangsu to identify protein content.In total,265 proteins were identified in nine species of shellfish using nano LC-MS/MS.The highest number of proteins were identified in the gastropod Hemifusus tuba (HF) (105 proteins),whereas the bivalve Scapharca subcrenata (SSC) produced the fewest (39 proteins).The most abundant proteins are constituents of cytoskeleton,including actin,tubulin,tropomyosin,myosin heavy chain,as well as histone proteins.Additional proteins were also identified,including ribosomal proteins,enzymes such as arginine kinase and ATP synthase,and housekeeping proteins such as elongation factor and heat shock protein.Proteins were classified based on cellular components and molecular function using the principal component analysis (PCA).Results of PCA analysis revealed that Sinonovacula constrzcta (SC),Bullacta exarata (BE) and Hemifusus tuba (HF) showed similar protein profiles,whileSolen strictus (SS),Meretrix meretrix (MM),Ruditapes philippinarum (RP),and Mactra veneriformis (MV) also showed similar protein profiles.Hierarchical clustering results of heat map studies showed that RP and Mactra antiquate (MA) were classified into one group.SC,BE,HF,MM,SSC,and MV were classified into another group.SS showed the furthest distance from this group.We established a method for analyzing and characterizing the protein composition characteristics of predominant shellfish species in Jiangsu providence's intertidal zone area,which provides basic data for the development of shellfish resources.

Objective To describe the epidemical characteristics of A (H1N1) influenza identified in the early stage (from May 11 to June 22, 2009) of the epidemic, in mainland China. Methods Epidemical characteristics of 420 confirmed A (H1N1) influenza cases reported from May 11 to June 22, 2009 were analyzed descriptively, including the distribution of age, sex, source of infection, main symptoms and incubation period. Results A total of 77.8% early cases in mainland China were imported from other countries. Three countries including America, Canada and Australia were attributed to 90% of the imported cases. Most of the cases were from 6 months to 73 years old, with 94% of them under 50 years. Most of the symptoms would include fever (81%), cough (40%) and sore throat (35%). The mean incubation period of second-generation cases was 4.3 (4.2±1.5) days. Conclusion Imported cases dominated the total cases in the early stage of the epidemic had similar gender distribution of those from exporting countries. Fever, cough and sore throat were the three main symptoms manifested in influenza cases. 2.5±1.9(1-11)days was found in imported cases between the day of off-board and the onset of symptoms. The incubation period was 4.3±1.7 (1-8) days among the secondary cases.

Objective:To establish the norm of clinical nursing teachers' competency in tertiary first-class hospitals in northwest China.Methods:From August 2019 to February 2020, 1 077 clinical nursing teachers were selected from 12 tertiary first-class hospitals in northwest China by stratified, random and proportional sampling, and were investigated with the Clinical Nursing Teacher Competency Evaluation Scale. Descriptive statistics were carried out on the sample data, and univariate variance analysis and pairwise comparison were carried out on the multi-classification variables of age, nursing age, professional title, teaching years and the number of teachers per year. The verified data were exported to SPSS 26.0 for statistical analysis, variance analysis was used for multi-group comparison, and LSD test was used for pairwise comparison between groups.Results:①The corresponding mean norm was established by grouping the total score and the first-class index; the percentile norm was made with 5% spacing; P10, P30, P70 and P90 were selected as the grading demarcation points, and the demarcation norm was constructed. ②Factor analysis showed that there were statistical differences in personality characteristics among different ages, nursing ages and professional titles ( P<0.05), and also in professional attitudes among different nursing ages and professional titles ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The establishment of norm provides references for individuals or units to evaluate teachers' competence.