Asthma,a chronic inflammatory airway disease,is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.It is a complex disease that involves the interplay among multiple physiological processes.Currently,it has been identified that 17q21 loci genes especially orosomucoid like 3 (ORMDL3) and gasdermin B (GSMDB) are strongly linked with the susceptibility and severity of childhood asthma by using of the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS).Furthermore,a better understanding of the molecular mechanism contributes to the asthma target therapeutics and precision medicine.This review summarizes the 17q21 loci genes associated with the susceptibility,severity,and race specificities of childhood asthma.

Objective To explore the cardiac function of right ventricles in children with various course of bronchial asthma. Methods The cardiac function was evaluated by using the Doppler echocardiography in 36 chil-dren with course > 1 year bronchial asthma in remission stage and 38 children with course ≤ 1 year bronchial asthma in remission stage. 40 healthy children were used as normal controls. After treatment, 10 children with course > 1 year were evaluated again. Results The injury of right ventricle systolic function was predominant in children with > 1 year bronchial asthma, The systolic function of right ventricle remained normal in children with ≤ 1 year bronchi-al asthma. Conclusion The cardiac function damage occurs in children with > 1 year bronchial asthma and will be recoveied by cure the astham. The Doppler echocardiography is noninvasive method for determination of cardiac func-tion.

Along with the rising of Chinese medicine consumption,health food with Chinese medical feature plays an increasingly role in people's life,and its market shares increase every year.This article analyzes the advantages from aspects of literature,theory,function,security,resources and market of health food,in order to develop health food and inherit the theory of Chinese medicine.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the safety of several pretreatment protocols of paclitaxel liposome as a chemotherapy for upper gastrointestinal tumor.METHODS:26 patients with upper gastrointestinal tumors receiving paclitaxel liposome in combination with other chemotherapeutics were enrolled.The patients were injected intravenously with dexamethasone 10 mg (i ) or dexamethasone 5 mg(ii ) or prednisolone 40 mg(iii ) 30 minutes prior administration of paclitaxel liposome,or treated with oral dexamethasone at a dose of 6 mg(i ),4.5 mg(ii ) or 2.25 mg(iii ) 12 hours or 2 hours prior administration of paclitaxel liposome.RESULTS:Chemotherapy- induced toxic adverse reactions manifested as gradeⅠ～Ⅱleucopenia,anemia, nausea and vomiting,but recovered after symptomatic treatment.Pretreatment- related adverse reactions manifested as insomnia, hyperglycemia,fatigue and vertigo,but no allergic shock or treatment- related death occurred.CONCLUSION:Intravenous injection of prednisolone 40 mg 30 minutes prior administration of paclitaxel liposome or oral administration of dexamethasone 2.25 mg 12 hours and 2 hours prior administration of paclitaxel liposome are preferable pretreatment methods of paclitaxel liposome.

The development and progression of atherosclerosis and thrombosis are closely related to changes of hemodynamics parameters. Ultrasonic pulse wave Doppler technique is normally used for noninvasively blood flow imaging. However, this technique only provides one-dimensional velocity and depends on the angle between the ultrasound beam and the local velocity vector. In this study, ultrasonic particle image velocimetry method was used to assess whole field hemodynamic changes in normal blood vessels. By using the polynomial fitting method, we investigated the velocity gradient and assessed the shear in different blood flow velocity of 10 healthy rats. It was found that using four polynomial fitting could result in optimal measurement results. The results obtained by ultrasonic particle image velocimetry accorded with the results obtained using Doppler technique. The statistical average of cyclical vessel wall shear stress was positively related to the locational mean velocity. It is proven that ultrasonic particle image velocimetry method could be used to assess directly the real-time whole field hemodynamic changes in blood vessels and was non-invasively, and should be a good prosperous technique for monitoring complex blood flow in stenotic ar- teries.
Algorithms ; Animals ; Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Hemodynamics ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Rats ; Rheology ; Stress, Mechanical ; Ultrasonics

Generally, P-wave is the wave of low-frequency and low-amplitude, and it could be affected by baseline drift, electromyography (EMG) interference and other noises easily. Not every heart beat contains the P-wave, and it is also a major problem to determine the P-wave exist or not in a heart beat. In order to solve the limitation of suiting the diverse morphological P-wave using wavelet-amplitude-transform algorithm and the limitation of selecting the pseudo-P-wave sample using the wavelet transform and neural network, we presented new P-wave detecting method based on wave-amplitude threshold and using the multi-feature as the input of neural networks. Firstly, we removed the noise of ECG through the wavelet transform, then determined the position of the candidate P-wave by calculating modulus maxima of the wavelet transform, and then determine the P-wave exist or not by wave-amplitude threshold method initially. Finally we determined whether the P-wave existed or not by the neural networks. The method is validated based on the QT database which is supplied with manual labels made by physicians. We compared the detection effect of ECG P-waves, which was obtained with the method developed in the study, with the algorithm of wavelet threshold value and the method based on "wavelet-amplitude-slope", and verified the feasibility of the proposed algorithm. The detected ECG signal, which is recorded in the hospital ECG division, was consistent with the doctor's labels. Furthermore, after detecting the 13 sets of ECG which were 15 min long, the detection rate for the correct P-wave is 99.911%.
Algorithms ; Databases, Factual ; Electromyography ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Wavelet Analysis

Objective To evaluate the usefuluness of the color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) in subclinical atrial septal defects(ASD).Methods We reviewed 122 cases of subclinical ASD in adult which were first detected with CDFI.Results We found most of the patients were women and elder people,and no more special clinical symptoms and signs can be found.Color Doppler flow imaging had characteristic abnomallities making the dosis of ASD possible and easily with a high degree of accuracy in patients in whom the clinical presentation was atypical different magnitudes of left-to-right shunt were revealed in all these patients.Conclusion CDFI is a good noninvasive technique in the diagnosis of subclinical atrial septal defects.

Objective To investigate the correlation between leptin receptor(LEPR)gene Gln223Arg variation with metabo-lism syndrome and its influence on ambulatory blood pressure .Methods Totally 167 patients with metabolism syndrome were se-lected and contemporaneous 216 individuals undergoing the physical examination were selected as the control group .The blood pres-sure ,ambulatory blood pressure ,biochemical indicators and insulin were detected in all the subjects .The DNA polymorphology a-nalysis was performed by adopteint PCR—restricted fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) .The Gln223Arg genotype was judged by electrophoresis and sequencing .Results Three genotypes of AA ,GG and AG were detected .The frequency of carrying A alleles in the metabolism syndrome group was significantly higher than that in the control group .The occurrence risk of metabolism syn-drome and non—dipper type blood pressure rhythm for carrying allele A was 3 .302 times(P=0 .000;95% CI:2 .432 —4 .483)and 2 .506 times of carrying allele G(P=0 .000 ;95% CI:1 .566 —4 .008) .The patients with AA genotype had higher BMI ,blood pres-sure ,blood glucose and fasting insulin levels ,more serious dyslipidemia ,greater waist circumference and higher insulin resistance in-dex .The patients with metabolism syndrome carrying A allele also had higher ambulatory blood pressure indexes .Conclusion LEPR gene Gln223Arg polymorphism A allele carrier has the great risk for metabolism syndrome occurrence ,higher ambulatory blood pressure ,moreover is more inclined to non—dipper type blood pressure rhythm .

Oligosaccharides are one of the essential physiological constituents of glycoproteins and glycolipids on mammalian cell surfaces and microbial metabolites. They have considerable potential as therapeutics but are only now slowly assuming this important role. One of the reasons for their slow development has been the considerable difficulty in synthesizing oligosaccharides on the scale necessary for their clinical evaluation. Classical chemical and enzymatic methods both have limitations in synthesizing large-scale oligosaccharides. In recent years, the rapid progress on molecular biotechnology has promoted the development of retaining glycosidases in oligosaccharides synthesis, which led to the production of a novel class of enzymatic activities termed the glycosynthases. These new enzymes are retaining glycosidase mutants in which the catalytic nucleophile has been converted to a non-nucleophilic residue,synthesizing oligosaccharides in high yields ( the highest yields reach 99%) without any hydrolysis. Furthermore thioglycoligases and thioglycosynthases have been developed subsequently in the past three years. Glycosynthases can be screened in high-throughput assay by the two-plasmid system and the yeast three-hybid system respectively. Their activity can be significantly enhanced by substituting alternative residues for nucleophile, additional random mutations and optimizing reaction conditions. Their regioselectivity can be modified through changes in receptors.

AIM:To choose the optimal processing condition for stir-frying Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae with honey.METHODS:The contents of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin and macroscopical identification were selected as indexes according to orthogonal design L9(34),four factors including the proportion of processed honey and water,soaking moistening time,drying temperature,and drying time.RESULTS:Optional processing conditions consisted of using two part processed honey to one part water as mixture,30 min soaring moistening time,oven temperature rose to 130 ?C and keeping for 20 min.CONCLUSION:The above processing can make the contents of glycyrrhizic acid liquiritin maintaining more 2.33%(RSD 0.43%) and 0.9%(RSD 1.10%),the optimal honey-fried processing technology for Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae is reasonable.