Background Hypertension is one of the chronic diseases with the highest prevalence in China, and a history of hypertension may potentially exacerbate hearing loss. Investigating the association between long-term blood pressure trends and hearing thresholds could contribute to hearing protection efforts for occupationally noise-exposed populations. Objective By investigating hearing thresholds and blood pressure levels among occupationally noise-exposed workers in an urban rail transit enterprise, and conducting a comprehensive analysis of the association between long-term blood pressure changes and hearing thresholds, to provide data references for health management strategies targeting occupationally noise-exposed workers. Methods Workers exposed to occupational noise at a rail transit enterprise were enrolled as study subjects and underwent pure-tone audiometry. Group-based trajectory modeling was employed to identify blood pressure trajectories. Categorical data were compared using chi-square tests, while normally distributed continuous variables were analyzed via t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were subsequently applied toexamine associations between these trajectory groups and high-frequency hearing thresholds. Results Among 2 002 occupationally noise-exposed workers, the median (P₂₅, P₇₅) age was 32 (28, 35) years, with a median (P₂₅, P₇₅) working tenure of 7 (3, 10) years. In 2019, the positive hypertension rate was 9.04%, with a mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) of (122.97±11.60) mmHg and a mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of (76.37±9.02) mmHg. The hearing loss prevalence was 10.1%, showing bilateral high-frequency average hearing thresholds of (17.18±8.71) dB and speech-frequency average thresholds of (13.79±3.46) dB. Three distinct trajectory groups were identified for both SBP and DBP. Compared with other trajectory groups, the high-stable DBP group exhibited significantly higher hearing loss prevalence (χ²=6.34, P=0.042) and elevated high-frequency hearing thresholds (all Ps<0.05). Specifically, within the 30-39 age subgroup, the moderate-stable DBP group demonstrated 1.96 dB lower high-frequency thresholds than the high-stable group [β(95%CI): −1.96 (−3.61, −0.32), P=0.020]. Conclusion Among occupationally noise-exposed workers in a municipal rail transit enterprise, DBP trajectories demonstrated a positive association with high-frequency hearing thresholds. Notably, in young and middle-aged occupationally noise-exposed populations, DBP may exert a more critical influence than SBP on the progression of hearing loss.

Microbial detection and control of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) decoction pieces are crucial for the quality control of TCM preparations. It is also a key area of research in the measurement technology and equipment development for TCM manufacturing. Guided by TCM manufacturing measurement methodologies, this study presented a design of a novel portable microbial detection device, using Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma decoction pieces as a demonstration. Immunomagnetic separation technology was employed for specific isolation and labeling of target microorganisms. Enzymatic signal amplification was utilized to convert weak biological signals into colorimetric signals, constructing an optical biosensor. A self-developed smartphone APP was further applied to analyze the colorimetric signals and quantify target concentrations. A portable and automated detection system based on Arduino microcontroller was developed to automatically perform target microbial separation/extraction, as well as mimetic enzyme labeling and catalytic reactions. The developed equipment specifically focuses on the rapid and quantitative microbial analysis of TCM active pharmaceutical ingredients, intermediates in TCM manufacturing, and final TCM products. Experimental results demonstrate that the equipment could detect Salmonella in samples within 2 h, with a detection limit as low as 5.1 × 10~3 CFU·mL~(-1). The equipment enables the rapid detection of microorganisms in TCM decoction pieces, providing a potential technical solution for on-site rapid screening of microbial contamination indicators in TCM. It has broad application prospects in measurement technology for TCM manufacturing and offers strong technical support for the modernization, industrialization, and intelligent development of TCM.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis* ; Atractylodes/microbiology* ; Rhizome/microbiology* ; Biosensing Techniques/methods* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Colorimetry/instrumentation* ; Quality Control

Objective To analyze the incidence of lens opacity in radiation workers. Methods A total of 46 733 radiation on-the-job workers who underwent occupational medical examinations from 2017 to 2023 were selected as the radiation group, and 19 944 non-ionizing radiation exposed workers in same period were selected as the control group using a convenient sampling method. The lens opacity of workers was compared between these two groups. Results The incidence of lens opacity in workers of the radiation group was higher than that in the control group (6.27% vs 3.95%, P<0.01). The annual incidence of lens opacity among female radiation workers was higher than that of male workers in 2017 and 2021 to 2023(9.36% vs 6.76%, 8.06% vs 6.58%, 8.12% vs 6.96%, 5.32% vs 4.37%, all P<0.05). In 2017 and 2018, the incidence of lens opacity in workers of radiation group increased with age (all P<0.01). From 2019 to 2023, the annual incidence of lens opacity in the radiation group increased with both age and length of radiation work experience (all P<0.01). In 2017, 2019, 2020, and 2022, the incidence of lens opacity was higher among the medical group compared with other groups (all P<0.05). Conclusion There is a dose-effect relationship between the incidence of lens opacity and both age and length of service in radiation among radiation workers. The incidence of lens opacity is relatively higher among female workers and those engaged in medical radiation.

Objective:To investigate the exposure level of ionizing radiation in medical radiation workers in Guangdong province, as well as their abnormality in the lens of the eye, and to analyze associated influence factors.Methods:In this study, 1 501 radiation workers from 60 hospitals were selected by using convenient sampling method for retrospecotive analysis of absorbed doses ( DL) to the lens of the eye, health examination information and the relevant influence factors. Results:The median value M and the 25 th and 75 th percentile values ( P25, P75)of the distribution of absorbed doses were 4.86, 2.99 and 7.90 mGy, respectively. The median values for male and female were 5.14 and 3.94 mGy, respectively. The median values for the Levels I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ medical institutions were 2.95, 3.51 and 5.06 mGy, respectively. The median values were radiotherapy 4.05 mGy, radiodiagnosis 4.84 mGy, interventional radiology 5.39 mGy and nuclear medicine 6.71 mGy, as well as nurses 3.48 mGy, physicians 5.03 mGy and technologists 5.03 mGy, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in dose distribution for different gender, age, length of radiation service, age at the beginning of radiation exposure, level of medical institution, occupational category and post ( Z=-6.72, H=389.64, 511.17, 70.29, 53.29, 49.06, 39.89, P<0.05). The detectable rate for increased cortical density of lens was 22.45% (337/1 501) and for lens turbidity was 8.19% (123/1 501). The detectable rate of increased cortical density showed a linear increasing trend with the increase in age, age of radiation service, age at the beginning of exposure to radiation, level of medical institution and dose ( χ2=366.36, 313.77, 15.18, 21.61, 92.13, P<0.05). The detectable rate of lens opacity increased linearly with the increase in age, length of radiation service, level of medical institution and dose( χ2=69.64, 67.65, 67.65, 37.37, P<0.05), and decreased linearly with the increase in age at the beginning of radiation exposure ( χ2=4.25, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age was the influencing factor of increased cortical density ( χ2=165.98, P<0.05), and the risk of cortical densification increased with age ( OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.27-1.39). Age, length of radiation service and occupation were the influencing factors of lens opacity ( χ2=25.78, 4.99, 6.88, P<0.05). The risk of lens opacity increased with age ( OR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.10-1.24). The risk of lens opacity increased with age of radiation service ( OR=1.06, 95% CI: 1.01-1.12). The risk of ocular opacity was higher in interventional radiology than that in diagnostic radiology, radiotherapy and nuclear medicine ( OR=2.59, 95% CI: 1.27-5.25). Conclusions:Long-term exposure to low dose ionizing radiation has a certain correlation with the abnormal lens detectable rate of medical radiation workers. Age, length of radiation service and occupation are the influencing factors of lens opacity.

Objective:To understand the capacity building needs on social organizations providing HIV prevention and treatment services for female sex workers (FSW).Methods:Questionnaires and interview were conducted with the heads of social organizations participating in China AIDS Fund for Non-Governmental Organizations (CAFNGO) project 2017-2018. Data from the CAFNGO's information system were compiled and analyzed using Excel 2016 and SPSS 25.0 software. The distribution of social organizations, availability of funds, and social organizations' needs for capacity building were analyzed.Results:Nationwide, 184 social organizations were involved in project '2017-2018 CAFNGO's FSW field work'. Out of which, 156 answers were valid. Social organizations that participated in the implementation of fund projects were mainly concentrated in the western region, accounting for 44.0% (81/184), with Sichuan, Guangxi, and Yunnan being the majority. However, the eastern part received the most financial support. Social organizations expressed the highest demand for project data collection and analysis, accounting for 68.6% (107/156). Items on risk analysis, response, and quality control project ranked the second, accounting for 64.1% (100/156). Results showed that statistically significant differences were seen on capacity building needs among social organization leaders with different levels of training on management of planning and finance of the project ( χ 2=5.78 ,P=0.016; χ 2=8.99, P=0.003). Conclusions:Currently, the number of social organizations and the related fund provision concerning HIV prevention and control among FSWs were not consistent in China. Thus, it is necessary to encourage, guide, and support the development of social organizations and satisfy social organizations' needs on capacity-building and planning.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the subjective symptoms of eyes induced by laser radiation in workers and its related influencing factors. METHODS: A total of 82 workers exposed to laser radiation were taken as exposure group, and 71 workers without laser radiation exposure as control group by judgment sampling method. The questionnaire survey and subjective symptoms of eyes were surveyed in these two groups. The work-site surveys of laser radiation job posts and laser irradiation testing were conducted to evaluate the exposure level of laser radiation on each post. The basic eye use and eye discomfort symptoms were investigated. RESULTS: The median of the laser radiation in 12 workplaces was 2.18×10~(-5) W/cm~2, and it was below occupational exposure limit(2.22×10~(-3) W/cm~2). The total detection rate of subjective discomfort of eyes in the exposed group was significantly higher than that in the control group(35.4% vs 15.5%, P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that laser exposure and smoking were the risk factors of subjective symptoms of eyes(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Laser radiation operation has the risk of causing the subjective symptoms of eyes in exposed workers.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of immunomodulating peptide(PGPIPN) on the acute al-coholic liver injury in mice. Methods Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group, model group,glutataione(GSH) group, PGPIPN low dose group, PGPIPN moderate and high dose groups. The mice were treated with different doses of PGPIPN or GSH for two weeks except control group and model group. The acute alcoholic liver injury model was in-duced by gavage with 56° alcohol for three days. The indices including the activities of AST,ALT in serum, and the contents of TNF-α, MDA, SOD and GSH-Px in liver were examined. Liver histopathological changes were examined by HE staining. Results Compared with control group,the levels of serum ALT,AST and the contents of TNF-α, MDA significantly increased, while the contents of SOD and GSH-Px significantly de-creased in model group. There was hepatocyte apopto-sis and inflammatory cell infiltration in liver tissues. Compared with model group, the activities of serum ALT, AST and the contents of TNF-α, MDA were re-markably reduced in PGPIPN high dose group. The contents of SOD and GSH-Px significantly increased in PGPIPN high dose group. PGPIPN could alleviate the injury of liver. Conclusion PGPIPN has certain pro-tective effect on acute alcoholic liver injury of mice, providing a theoretical guidance.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of delayed pre-job occupational health examination on occupational health surveillance by analyzing the results of pre-job occupational health examinations in radiation exposed workers. METHODS: A convenience sampling method was used to select 1 385 radiation workers as the research subjects in Guangdong Province in 2016 at a pre-job occupational health examination. Workers who did not engage in radiation work were selected as control group. Workers who engaged in radiation work but did not take pre-job occupational health examinations were selected as observation group. The difference of the results of occupational health examination between the two groups was analyzed. RESULTS: The proportion of the observation group was 55. 8%(773/1 385). The abnormal rates of the white blood cell( WBC) count,“double + ring”rate and lens in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(9. 3% vs 5. 7%,6. 0% vs 3. 6%,6. 2% vs 3. 6%,P < 0. 05),respectively. The WBC count in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [(6. 1 ± 1. 5) × 10~9/L vs(6. 7 ± 1. 5) × 10~9/L,P < 0. 01]. The contents of the thyroid stimulating hormone and triiodothyronine in the observation group were higher than those in the control group[(1. 3 ± 0. 4) m U/L vs(1. 2 ± 0. 3) m U/L,(1. 8 ± 0. 4) nmol/L vs(1. 7 ± 0. 5) nmol/L,P < 0. 01]. The tetraiodothyronine level in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [( 110. 8 ± 22. 4) nmol/L vs(113. 8 ± 23. 2) nmol/L,P < 0. 05]. CONCLUSION: The delay of pre-job occupational health examination of radiation exposed workers affects the examination results and the accuracy of basic health records.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the growth arrest and DNA damage gene 45( GADD45) mRNA expression in peripheral blood of radiation workers,and its relationship with exposure dose. METHODS: Using a typical sampling method,97 radiation workers from a hospital of Guangdong were selected as radiation group,48 hospital administrative staff without exposure to radiation and other occupational hazard factors were selected as control group. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect GADD45 mRNA expression of two groups. With the use of thermoluminescence dosimetry,we detected and collected personal dose data of radiation group over the past year. RESULTS: The GADD45 mRNA relative expression of the radiation group was higher than that of the control group( P < 0. 01).There was no correlation between GADD45 mRNA relative expression and factors such as personal dose,sex,age,length of service,smoking,and alcohol drinking( P > 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The ionizing radiation can lead to up-regulation of GADD45 mRNA expression in peripheral blood of radiation workers,but there was no linear relationship between GADD45 mRNA expression and its personal dose.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the dose-response curve of chromosome aberration induced by X-ray irradiation in human peripheral blood in vitro. METHODS: The median cubital vein blood of healthy male donors were collected and irradiated with X-ray at the dose of 0. 00-5. 00 Gy in vitro. The dose rate was 0. 8 mGy/s. The cells were cultured with colchicine and stained with routine Giemsa staining. The slices were blindly examined. The morphology of chromosomes were recorded as dicentric,multi-centric,dicentric plus rings or fragments( hereinafter referred to as dicentric + ring) in metaphase cells. The occurrence of dicentric + ring and the irradiation dose was used to create the dose-response curve.RESULTS: The results showed that the occurrence of dicentric + ring in abnormal cells increased with the increasing irradiation dose in the range of 0. 00-5. 00 Gy( P < 0. 01). The best fitting equation of 0. 00-1. 00 Gy is y = 23. 22 D2+4. 768 D-0. 018( P < 0. 01). The best fitting equation of 0. 50-5. 00 Gy is y = 34. 23 D-3. 072( P < 0. 01).CONCLUSION: The fitting degree of dose-response curve is good,which can be used as reference in laboratory to assess irradiation exposure dose.