Objective:To investigate the effect of free fatty acid on leptin receptor in rats.Methods:High plasma free fatty acid rat model was created by intravenous injection of free fatty acid. Western blot was used to assess the protein level of leptin-receptor in rat liver, muscle and pancreas tissues. The RNA expression level of leptin-receptor was examined by RT-PCR .The tyrosine phosphorylation of leptin-receptor was examined by immuno-precipitation. Results:The protein and RNA levels of leptin-receptor in liver,muscle and pancreas tissues of high plasma free fatty acid rats were similar to those of normal group(P>0.05).But the tyrosine phosphorylation of leptin-receptor significantly downregulated in liver and muscle tissues as compared with control group(P<0.05). Conclusions:High plasma free fatty acid may affect the tyrosine phosphorylation of leptin-receptor in rat liver and muscle.

10.3969/j.issn.1008-9691.2013.03.003

The pathogenesis of icteric hepatitis is that pathogenic dampness blocks the middle energizer or blood stasis blocks the bile duct,so that the bile is not excreted normally and moves to the skin surface,which makes the skin yellow.Traditior al Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of icteric hepatitis.This article systematically introduces the etiology and pathogenesis of icteric hepatitis and the TCM syndrome differentiation therapy for icteric hepatitis,in order to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of icteric hepatitis and the improvement in its prognosis.

Objective The effects of free fatty acid on leptin receptor in rat islet cells were investigated. Methods Islet cells of newborn sprague Dawley rats were incubated with palmitate acid (0 25mmol/L) or oleic acid (0 125mmol/L) for 12 hours, 24 hours and 36 hours respectively. Western blotting was used to assess the protein content of leptin receptor in rat islet cells. The RNA expression level of leptin receptor was assayed by RT PCR. Tyrosine phospholation of leptin receptor was determined by method of immuno precipitation. Results The protein content of leptin receptor in rat islet cells was significantly decreased after being incubated with free fatty acids for 24 and 36 hours compared with the control ( P

Objectives:To examine the effect of chloride blocker (NPPB and tamoxifen)on volume sensitive chloride channels in mouse cardiac ventricular myocytes. Methods:Isolated mouse cardiac ventricular myocytes were subjected to whole cell patch clamp to record the hypotonicity activated chloride currents. Results:When the myocytes were exposed to hypotonic solution, an obvious whole cell currents were activated. The currents were inhibited by extracellular NPPB reversibly and significantly. The specific blocker for volume sensitive chloride channel , tamoxifen (50 ?mol/L), could apparently block the activity of this channel in a voltage dependent manner. Conclusions:Mouse cardiac ventricular myocytes process volume sensitive chloride channel which is sensitive to NPPB and tamoxifen.

0.05). The protein abundance of leptin receptor in rat hepatic cells was significantly decreased compared with the control after incubated with palmitate and oleate for 36 hours( P 0.05),but significantly decreased after 24 or 36 hours( P

Objective Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an easy-to-analyze inflammation biomarker but few studies have assessed the relationship between NLR and type 2 diabetes. In order to evaluate how NLR is related to type 2 diabetes, we designed a large scale cross?sectional study in an adult population. Method A cross?sectional study (including 49 861 men and 40 376 women) was conducted on participants recruited from the Health Management Center of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital in Tianjin, China. Measurements of neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, fasting blood glucose and other potential confounding factors were performed. Type 2 diabetes was defined according to the criteria of American Diabetes Association. Adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess relationships between NLR quintiles and type 2 diabetes. Result In the final multivariate models, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for T2D across NLR quintiles were 1.00 (Reference), 1.19 (1.05, 1.35), 1.33 (1.17, 1.50), 1.28 (1.13, 1.44) and 1.34 (1.19, 1.51) (P for trend<0.000 1), in men. Similar relationships were also observed in women. Conclusion This study demonstrated that NLR was related to the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in men and women, and suggesting that NLR may be an efficient and accurate prognostic biomarker for type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate therapeutic efficacy and safety of recombinant mutant human tumor necrosis factor(rmhTNF)versus pleural perfusion of cisplatin in the treatment of malignant pleural effusions,and to provide evidence-based reference in clinic. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CJFD,Wanfang database,VIP and CBM,RCTs about rmhTNF(trial group)vs. cisplatin(control group)in the treatment of malignant pleural effusions were included. Meta-analysis was conducted by using Rev Man 5.3 statistical software after quality evaluation and data extraction with Cochrane system evaluator manual 5.3.0. RESULTS:A total of 7 RCTs were included,involving 478 patients. Meta-analysis showed that clinical total response rate of trial group [RR=1.43,95%CI(1.27,1.62),P<0.001] was significantly higher than that of control group,with statistical significance. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of gastrointestinal reaction[RR=1.15,95%CI(0.73,1.80),P=0.55],chest pain[RR=1.12,95%CI(0.73,1.73),P=0.60],fever[RR=0.62,95%CI(0.35,1.08),P=0.09] and myelosuppression[OR=0.94,95%CI(0.57,1.54),P=0.79] between trial group and control group. CONCLUSIONS:Pleural perfusion of rmhTNF is significantly better than cisplatin in the treatment of malignant pleural effusions. The incidences of gastrointestinal reaction,chest pain,fever and myelosuppression induced by rmhTNF were similar to those induced by cisplatin.

Objective To build the dataset of Chinese visible human female. Methods After undergoing macroscopical, CT and MRI examinations to exclude organic lesions, a young female cadaver of medium height was selected as the subject. After morphological measurement and vascular perfusion, the cadaver was embedded with 5% gelatin and cryopreserved in a -30 ℃ icehouse for 1 week. A digital milling machine TK 6350 (milling accuracy of 0.001 mm) was used to shave off slices of the body layer by layer from head to foot in a laboratory at -25 ℃. The successive cross sections were photographed with a high definition digital camera, and the pictures were put into a computer to establish a dataset of human body. By utilizing the image dataset derived from the successive cross sections, 3D reconstruction and stereodisplay of human structure were finished with a SGI Workstation which was equipped with an independently self developed software package for 3D reconstruction. Results The selected specimen, a 22 year old female native of Chongqing, was 1 620 mm in height, 54 kg in weight and died of non organic disease. CT scans were made in every 1.0 mm for head and neck and every 2.0 mm for rest parts, and the thickness for MRI scans was 1.5 mm for head and 3.0 mm for rest parts. For serial cross sections, the thickness was 0.25 mm for head and 0.5 mm for rest parts. Thus, a total of 3640 slices were obtained, and the photo for every slice was saved as a 36 MB file in a resolution of 6 291 456 pixels (3 072?2 048). Finally, the complete data files reached to 131.04 GB. Conclusion ① This is the first formally reported case of Chinese visible human female, suggesting that China becomes the second country owning visible human female dataset of her population. We set up a website for the purpose of exchanging ideas and information on this subject. So, the results are issued simultaneously on the Internet (http://www.chinesevisiblehuman.com).② According to US Visible Human Project(VHP), the data of the 3 junctional parts of their female cadaver were absent because the body was cut into 4 segments. Taking the age of 59 year old into account, the visible human female's body was not exactly perfect. The sections of 0.33 mm in thickness were saved to pictures at a resolution of 2 490 368 pixels (2 048?1 216). While, the first Chinese visible human female reported here is a young female without organic disease or lesion. No sectional datum is lost for being acquired from successive sections of the whole body. The resolution of cross sectional image reaches to 6 291 456 pixels (3 072?2 048).

Objective To achieve computer visualization of the first Chinese visible male and female Methods After acquisition of the dataset of the first Chinese visible male and female (2 518 cross sections were obtained from the visible male, the complete data files take up 90 468 GBs; while 3 640 cross sections from the female, the complete data files take up 131 04 GBs ), we processed 2 D images in an SGI Workstation and on P4 computer respectively Then, image registration was performed through reserved scaling point Reconstruction was achieved by two approaches: volume rendering reconstruction and surface rendering reconstruction Results We visualized the whole body and special parts of Chinese visible male and female on an SGI Workstation and a personal computer respectively Furthermore, by optimizing 3 D reconstruction and data processing technique, interactive 3 D visualization of the dataset was achieved Conclusions ①The dataset of the first Chinese visible male and female proves to be eligible for 3 D visualization research ②The platform setup of interactive 3 D visualization of Chinese visible male and female dataset provides foundation for digital human anatomy and virtual surgery ③The models of human organs and parts built through data segmentation, classification, registration and drawing lay basis for rendering complex structures of the whole human body delicately