Potential toxicities of three classes of dyes and pigments were introduced in this review. Some azo/benzidine dyes, anthraquinone dyes and triarylmethane dyes have carcinogenicity,some azo/benzidine dyes and anthraquinone dyes may cause skin irritation, some noncarcinogenic triarylmethane dyes have risk of serious damage to eyes and may exert long term adverse effects on the aquatic environment.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture incorporate with acupuncture point injection in treating cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.Methods 103 cases from Chen Jia Qiao Community Health Service Centre and other community centers during February 2011 to November 2012 were collected and randomly allocated into three group:a electroacupuncture group of 34 cases; an acupuncture point injection of another 34 cases and an observation group of 35 cases treated with electroacupuncture which incorporated with traction therapy.After the treatment,the therapeutic effects among three groups were compared.Results ① clinical efficacy comparing:total efficacy rate of observation group was 91.4％ (32/35),the electroacupuncture group was 73.5％ (24/34),the group treated with acupuncture point injection was 70.6％ (25/34).There were statistically significant differences between the observation group and the other two groups (Z=1.721,P＜0.05),while there's no statistically significant of comparison between the group treated with electroacupuncture and the group treated with acupuncture point injection (Z=2.473,P＞0.05).② NDI score comparing:NDI score of these three groups before and after treatment.Before treatment,the score of observation group was (12.32 ± 5.03) ; the electroacupuncture group was (12.96± 6.10) ; the acupuncture point injection group was (12.79±5.07),after treatment,the separate sore was (7.40±4.12),(6.08±3.60) and (6.08 ± 3.60) sequentially.There were statistically significant differences of NDI score of the three groups before and after treatment (P＜0.05).After treatment,the efficacy of observation group was better than the group treated with electroacupuncture and the group treated with acupuncture point injection(P＜0.05).③ signs or symptoms comparing:After treatment,there were statistically significant differences between the observation group and the other two groups on the aspect of relieving pain of neck and arm,numbness of arm and hand,and alleviating soreness when doing spurling test on cervical intervertebral foramen (Z-score is 2.603,2.862,2.307,P＜0.05).There's no statistically significant of comparison among three groups on the aspects of neck functional activities and segmental tenderness of cervical spondylosis (Z-score is 1.414,1.572,P＞0.05).Conclusion In treating cervical spondylotic radiculopathy,the total efficacy rate of electroacupuncture incorporate with acupuncture point injection was higher than only treat with electroacupuncture or acupuncture point injection.

Abscess ; Cysts ; Female ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Tooth Diseases ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effect of combination of cervical manipulation with cervical conditioning exercise for the treatment of cervical spondylosis of neck type or nerve root type. Methods Seventy-two patients were randomly divided into a treatment group (37 patients) or a control group (35 patients) by using a random number table. Patients in the treatment group and in the control group were treated with combination of cervical manipulation or cervical manipulation only, respectively. At the end of treatment and 3 months, treatment effects were assessed by Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results NDI scores in both of the treatment group and the control group after treatment were significantly lower han those before treatment (t=4.471 in the treatment group, t=3.599 in the control group, all P<0.05), and NDI score in the treatment group were significantly lower than that in the control group after treatment (t=-2.085,P<0.05). Follow-up at 3 months, NDI score in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t=-4.549, P<0.05). Proportions of improved patients, as assessed by NDI items, including pain intensity, personal care, lifting, reading, headaches, concentration, work, sleeping, driving and recreation in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control groups (Z=-3.521,-3.331,-3.003,-3.001,-3.265,-3.198,-3.016,-3.000,-2.102,-2.971, respectively, all P<0.05). VAS scores in both of the treatment group and the control group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (t=7.986 in the treatment group, t=6.507 in the control group, all P<0.05), and VAS score in the treatment group were significantly lower than that in the control group after treatment (t=-2.426,P<0.05). Follow-up at 3 months, the VAS score in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t=-7.065, P<0.05). Proportions of improved patients in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (91.89% vs 74.29%; χ2=4.014, P=0.045). Conclusion Combination of cervical manipulation with cervical conditioning exercise may be superior to cervical manipulation only for the treatment of cervical spondylosis of neck type or nerve root type.

Objective To explore if elemene can synergize tamoxifen through using non-cytotoxic dose of elemene and tamoxifen in combination on MCF-7cell line of breast cancer.Methods First,MCF-7 cell line was cultured in RPMI1640.Then,TAM's inhibitory effect united with elemene on MCF-7 cell line was analyzed by using CCK-8 test.Results When adding non-cytotoxic dose of elemene and curative dose of tamoxifen into the two experimental groups,the absorptivity in the two groups reduced notably,compared with that of the groups using tamoxifen alone;accordingly,the inhibition rate in two mixing groups increased obviously compared with that in single-drug groups.Conclusion Elemene of innocuous dose can remarkably enhance the inhibitory effect of tamoxifen,which indicates that elemene may synergize the effect of tamoxifen on breast cancer.

Objective To verify the application of anterior segment perfusion culture and trabecular meshwork (TM) organ culture for glaucoma study. Methods TM tissue was cultured by perfused anterior segment and TM organ culture, light microscopy was used to observe the TM cells and intercellular spaces.Results IOP of the porcine anterior segments perfused under constant flow at 0.1 mL/h could bekept in normal range(10～12 mmHg). The IOP was elevated with the increasing of perfusion rate, while the morphology and structure of the tissue were well preserved. TM cultured by TM organ culture could also reserve the tissues well, but the intercelluar spaces collapsed. Conclusion Anterior segment perfusion model could be a short-term high-pressure model and may simulate the normal physical state. Adequate perfusion was necessary for normal TM.

The axon guidance molecule Slit is a secreted glucoprotein which is conserved during evolution. Slit has been implicated in regulating a variety of life activities, such as axon guidance, neuronal migration, neuronal morphological differentiation, tumor metastasis, angiogenesis and heart morphogenesis. Slit function mainly depends on the binding of its LRR-2 domain to the Ig1 domain of Roundabout (Robo) receptor, meanwhile Slit function is also mediated by a range of signaling molecules, including the heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), tyrosine kinase Abelson, calcium ions, MicroRNA-218 and other axon guidance molecules. Several transcription factors, including Single-minded, Irx and Midline, were shown to regulate slit expression. In addition, multiple Slit isoforms exist as a consequence of alternative spliced transcripts. The research on guidance mechanism of Slit will facilitate the understanding of molecular mechanism underlying neural networks formation in the process of neural development and regeneration. Meanwhile, the studying of Slit guidance mechanism could promote the prevention and treatment of human neurological diseases and cancer metastasis.
Animals ; Axons ; metabolism ; physiology ; Cell Movement ; physiology ; Drosophila Proteins ; physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Neurons ; cytology ; Receptors, Immunologic ; metabolism

BACKGROUND:Since cannulated screw has been applied to femoral neck fracture, it is not uncommon that the screw wear penetrates or refunds. What factors affect the stability of cannulated screw for treatment of femoral neck fractures in adults remains unclear. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To explore factors related to internal fixation failure by cannulated screws in treatment of adult femoral neck fracture and improve the stability of the adult femoral neck fracture by cannulated screws. ＜br> METHODS:A total of 92 adult patients of femoral neck fracture were treated by cannulated screws in our department between June 2007 and June 2011. Their data were retrospectively analyzed. According to clinical information and fol ow-ups, we selected factors such as age, gender, Garden type of fracture, preoperative skeletal traction, timing of surgery, Garden index, standards of pedicle screws, pedicle screw shapes, partial weight bearing time and postoperative complications, which may affect the success rate of cannulated screws for ＜br> treating femoral neck fracture. The selected factors were then grouped and assigned, after unrelated factors were excluded by one-way χ2 analysis, multiariable Logistic regression analysis was performed. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The involved 92 patients were fol owed up for 18-72 months. According to Harris assessment criteria, hip function was excellent in 28 cases, good in 25 cases, fair in 17 cases, and poor in 22 cases at the final fol ow-up, the excellent and good rate was 58%. Radiographic results showed that, the patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of the displacement, GardenⅠ (n=22) and GardenⅡ (n=29) as a group, and Garden Ⅲ (n=25) and Garden Ⅳ (n=16) as the other group, the fixation failure rate was 12%and 39%, respectively. In normol and abnormal Garden Index groups, the fixation failure rate was 16%and 59%, respectively. In nail position standards and non-attainment standards groups, the fixation failure rate was 19%and 70%, respectively. In the complication and non-complication groups, the fixation failure rate was 14%and 55%, respectively. These factor groups showed significant differences (P＜0.05). Multiariable Logistic regression analysis showed that, Garden type of fracture, Garden index, standards of pedicle screws, and postoperative complications are the risk factors for internal fixation failure using cannulated screws in treatment of the adult femoral neck fracture.

AIM To construct differentiation subtractive cDNA library of human leukemia HL 60 cells induced by diallyl disfuld using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique and to clone differentiation associated genes in leukemia cells. METHODS Poly A + RNAs were isolated from HL 60 cells induced by dially disfuld and were reversely transcripted into double strand cDNAs (as tester). After the cDNAs were digested into short cDNAs with blunt ends, they were divided into two groups and were ligated to the special adaptor 1 and adaptor 2R, respectively. The tester cDNAs were then hybridized with driver cDNA from normal HL 60 cells and the products were amplified twice by nested PCR technique. The PCR products were ligated with pGEM T plasmid vectors and were transformed into E.coli JM109. The inserts of cDNAs were analyzed by restrictive enzyme EcoR I. RESULTS Subtractive cDNA library was constructed successfully and efficiently. Random analysis of 200 clones with enzyme restriction showed that about 84 5% clones contained 100～600 bp cDNA inserts. It can help clone novel genes associated with differentiation and explore the molecular mechanism of leukemia differentiation induced by diallyl disfuld. CONCLUSION DADS can induce human leukemia HL 60 cells differentiation, and suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique is an effective method to isolate those differentially expressed genes.

Aim To observe effect of DADS on the differentiation of gastric adenocarcinoma cells and acetylation of human gastric cancer tumor cell transplantable histone.Methods Human gastric adenocarcinoma heterotransplantable tumor model was constructed through subcutaneously injecting MGC803 cells to nude mice.Morphologic changes of xenograft tumor cells were observed with optical microscope,the influence of DADS on xenograft tumor cells generationcycle distribution,the expression of p21~(WAF1) protein,histone H3 and and H4 acetylion were analyzed with flow cytometry and Western blot.Results There was obvious growth inhibitory effect of xenograft tumor while abdominal injection dose were 100 and 200 mg?kg~(-1)DADS;cells density and heteromorphism decreased after treated with DADS.Flow cytometry analysis revealed that treating xenograft tumor cells with increasing quantities of DADS increased the percentage of cells in the G_2/M phase.The proportion of xenograft tumor cells in the G_2/M phase after treatment with 100 mg?kg~(-1) and 200 mg?kg~(-1) DADS was 2.22 and 3.37 times of that in NS group.Western blot analysis showed H3 acetylion increase along with G_2/M arrest of xenograft tumor cells by DADS.DADS didn′t influence the expression level of H4 acetylion;the expression of p21~(WAF1) protein in xenograft tumor increased along with the increases in the concentration of DADS.Conclusion DADS cansignificantly inhibit the growth of human gastric carcinoma xenograft in BALB/C nucle mice and induce cell differentiation,which might be related with up-regulation of histone a cetylization and p21~(WAF1) protein level.