Objective To analyze effect of oxycodone hydrochloride injection preemptive analgesia on serum cellular immune factors and analgesic effect in postoperative patients with humeral fracture surgery.Methods 52 patients treated by surgical treatment of humeral fractures in our hospital were collected.All patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,26 cases in each group.Preemptive analgesia drugs were given corresponding, before and 24h after surgery, the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), venous blood CD4 +T, CD8 +T cells and CD4 +/CD8 + T levels and analgesic effect were detected in all patients.Results After surgery, compared with control group, the serum levels of TNF-αand IL-6 were lower in experimental group (P<0.05); the venous blood CD4 +T cell and CD4 +/CD8 + T levels were higher(P<0.05), CD8 +T cell level was lower in experimental group (P<0.05);the visual analogue scale(VAS) score was significantly lower in 2,4,6,12 and 24h after surgery in experimental group (P<0.05).Conclusions The oxycodone hydrochloride injection preemptive analgesia can significantly inhibit the increase of the serum TNF-αand IL-6 levels, prevent the decrease of immune function, improve the analgesic effect.

Objective: To explore how social support in students of normal college related to their interpersonal attribution and philosophies of human nature, and whether social support varied with different subgroups. Method: Social Support Rating Scale, the Multidimentional-Multiattributional Causality Scale and Revised Philosophies of Human Nature Scale were used in 414 students of a normal university. Result: The social support of students differed significantly among different departments, students of science had lower social support than students of art or sport had. There was no significant difference of social support between sexes, different grades, of urban or rural area. Social support was significantly correlated with "effort" attribution of interpersonal relationship, but not with "ability, background or luck". Social support was positively related to trustworthiness, while negatively to cynicism. Conclusion: This result fits for the common sense of Chinese and people elsewhere.

Objective To investigate the CT diagnostic value and CT findings of fungal sinusitis.Methods CT findings of fungal sinusitis in 25 cases proved pathologically were retrospectively analysed.Results Heterogeneous density of sinusal cavity with small calcification appeared as spots or floccose(9 cases) and sand-like or patchy(16 cases) shadows,and local bone destruction.Conclusion The fungal sinusitis has characteristic findings on CT.CT is a valuable method for diagnosing the disease.

Objective To observe the effect of rapid reduction of physical activity on bone mass (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD)and bone metabolism in growing rats. Methods 48 male SD rats were divided into the high-intensity exercise group (T1, n=12), high tolow-intensity exercise group (T2, n=12), low-intensity exercise group (T3, n=12) and control group (Con, n=12). During the first 6 weeks,the rats in T1 and T2 group ran on treadmill with high intensity, while rats in T3 group took low-intensity treadmill exercise. 6 rats were sacrificedfrom each group at the end of 6th week. BMC, BMD of femur were measured with DEXA. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin(BGP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) were detected with ELISA. The exercise intensity of T2 group was reduced rapidly to alow level as in T3 group, but remained in the other 2 groups. At the end of the second 6 weeks, the other rats were investigated again. ResultsCompared with the first measurements, ALP and BGP of the T2 group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and TRACP increased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in BMC and BMD of femur (P>0.05). Conclusion Rapid reduction of physical activity can suppressbone formation and stimulate bone resorption of long bone among growing rats.

Neurodegenerative disease is characterized by progressive loss of neurons in specific brain regions that results in neuronal dysfunction of the central nervous system. Although the pathological mechanism is not fully established, the activation of glial cells mediated neuroinflammation appears to be involved. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is originally described as intracellular chaperone, which plays an important role in protein quality control in cells. However, recent study showed that up-regulation of HSP70 had anti-inflammatory effects in the brain. HSP70 protected neurons from damage and improved neurological function by decreasing inflammatory response as indicated by inactivation of glial cells and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine release. So it is of great significance to find new compounds targeting at HSP70 as neuroprotective agents to delay the progress of neurodegenerative disease. This review will focus on the role of HSP70 in neuroinflammation and the recent advances in using HSP70 as a target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease.
Brain ; physiopathology ; Cytokines ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; physiology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; pathology ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; physiopathology ; Neurons ; pathology ; Neuroprotection ; Up-Regulation

Objective To investigate the expression of aquaporin-3 (AQP3) in tongue tissues of rats with experimental severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and regulating effects of emodin. Methods Rat models with SAP were established by injecting 5% sodium taurocholate retrogradely into gallbladder and pancreas. SD male rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group, and emodin group. After model establishment, rats in the emodin group received gavage with emodin 20 mg/kg each day, while rats in the model group and sham-operation group received gavage with normal saline. The mental state, thick greasy tongue fur and mortality of rats were observed every day after model establishment, and 5 days later, protein and genetic expression of AQP3 were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR. Results Compared with the model group, the mortality and the thick greasy tongue fur significantly decreased, the protein and genetic expression of AQP3 significantly decreased in the emodin group (P<0.05). On the 5th day, 11 rats in the model group survived, and 5 rats had thick greasy tongue fur. Compared with the sham-operation group, the protein and genetic expression of AQP3 in the model group were higher (P<0.05). Conclusion Emodin can improve the severity of SAP and decrease the incidence of thick greasy tongue fur significantly by reducing the protein and genetic expression of AQP3.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics and adverse reactions among different dosage forms of mycophenolate applied to early kidney transplant recipients. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-one early kidney transplant recipients were divided into four groups, and received oral administration of mycophenolate mofetil capsules (Xiaoxi, MMF) (500, 750 and 1 000 mg, respectively), mycophenolate mofetil dispersible tablets (Saikeping, MMF-T) (500, 750 and 1 000 mg, respectively), mycophenolate mofetil dispersible tablets (Guoyaochuankang, MMF-DT) (500 and 750 mg, respectively), and mycophenolate sodium enteric-coated tablets (Mifu, EC-MPS) (360, 540, 720 and 900 mg, respectively) twice per day, respectively. The blood samples were collected on postoperative day 7 before and 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h after oral administration of different dosage forms of mycophenolate, respectively. Ultra high-performance liquid chromatography equipped diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD) was employed to determine the plasma concentration of MPA. Pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of MPA were estimated by non-compartmental method using WinNoLin 6.3 software. RESULTS: There were no significant differences of mean ρ0 values (1 to 3 μg•mL-1) among four dose groups. The ρmax values were between 4 and 12 μg•mL-1, and their respective tmax values ranged from 1.0 to 3.0 h. Their t1/2 values were between 4 and 9 h. In addition, the AUC0-12 h values for MMF-T group were less than 30 μg•h•mL-1, while AUC0-12 h values for other three groups fall in the therapeutic window of MPA (30 to 60 μg•h•mL-1). Furthermore, power regression results indicated that dose proportionality of AUC0-12 h was nonlinear, and the correlation of AUC0-12 h and ρ0, ρmax were not conclusively linear (r=0.591 to 0.817, P<0.01) for MMF, MMF-T, MMF-DT and EC-MPS groups within 500-1 000 mg (bid), 500-1 000 mg (bid), 500-750 mg (bid) and 360-900 mg (bid), respectively. Moreover, moderate anemia, abnormal blood pressure and diarrhea mainly occurred in early kidney transplant recipients. When AUC0-12 h values of MPA were less than 30 μg•h•mL-1 or over 60 μg•h•mL-1, the patients were more likely to have various adverse reactions. CONCLUSION: PK parameters of MPA show marked individual difference among Chinese early kidney transplant recipients. There is a nonlinear relationship between drug dose and AUC0-12 h for MMF group (500-1 000 mg, bid), MMF-T (500-1 000 mg, bid), MMF-DT (500-750 mg, bid) and EC-MPS group (360-900 mg, bid), and their AUC0-12 h values are similar for different groups. There is inconclusively linear correlation between AUC0-12 h and ρ0, ρmax. There are few cases of adverse reactions in therapeutic window of MPA.

BACKGROUND:In 2004, a new biomarker sCD14-subtypes (presepsin) was found and its value was shown in the diagnosis and evaluation of sepsis. This article is a brief overview of the new biomarker. DATA SOURCES:A literature search using multiple databases was performed for articles, especially meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trials. RESULTS:Compared with other markers, presepsin seems to have a better sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of sepsis. Presepsin as a biom1arker is not only suitable for the early diagnosis of sepsis, but also for the assessment of its severity and prognosis. CONCLUSIONS:Presepsin has a higher sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of sepsis as a new biomarker, and is a predictor for the prognosis of sepsis. More importantly, preseptin seems to play a crucial role as a supplemental method in the early diagnosis of sepsis. Since there is no multicenter study on the relationship between presepsin and sepsis, further studies on the clinical values of presepsin are needed.

Biphasic dissolution test, consisting of immiscible aqueous and organic phase, is an in vitro dissolution method that simultaneously measures the dissolution and partition of drugs. Due to the advantages of simulating in vivo absorption and overcoming the influence of surfactants on dissolution, it has been widely used to evaluate the poorly soluble drugs in vitro dissolution. Based on the relevant research in this field in recent years, this review summarizes the history, dissolution device, theoretical model and application of the biphasic dissolution test. Finally, the prospects in the development of biphasic dissolution test are also outlined.

AIM: To explore the effect of hypertonic sugar eyes drops with local to the oxygen therapy for severe corneal edema after cataract surgery.METHODS: Totally 68 patients (68 eyes) with severe corneal edema after phacoemulsification were selected from January 2014 to December 2015 in our hospital, who were aged 53-80(64.45±4.24), including 30 males and 38 females.According to different treatment, they were divided into treatment group (34 cases) given conventional therapy + hypertonic sugar eyes drops with local to the oxygen therapy, the control group (34 cases) given conventional treatment + hypertonic sugar eyes drops.Visual acuity and corneal situation were observed during the treatment.RESULTS: Corneal edema fade time of treatment group was 11.62+0.53d, that of control group was 15.23±0.62d, the difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.05).Preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and corneal endothelial cell count had no significantly difference between the two groups while the corneal endothelial cell count were significantly different compared with postoperative of the two groups (P<0.05).At 7d after treatment, the BCVA and corneal endothelial cell count had significantly difference between the two groups (P<0.05), which did not have significant difference at 1mo after treatment (P>0.05).The effective rates of the two groups was significantly different (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Hypertonic sugar eyes drops with local to the oxygen therapy is effective for severe corneal edema after cataract surgery.