Objective To study the constituents in Melastoma dodecandrum.Methods The constituents were isolated by chromatographic methods,and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic evidences.Results Five compounds were purified and their structures were identified as: daucosterol(Ⅰ),oleanolic acid(Ⅱ),avicularin(Ⅲ),3,7,4′-trimethoxyquercetin(Ⅳ),and atractylenolidone(Ⅴ).Conclusion Compound Ⅴ is a new chemical constituent named atractylenolidone.Compound Ⅳ is isolated from M.dodecandrum for the first time.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of two kinds homogenous assays for direct determination of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) based on the principle of polyanion polymer/detergent (PPD method) and polyethylene glycol-modified enzyme (PEGME) method.

METHODSThe two homogenous methods were compared with the precipitation method (PTA-Mg2+ method), their precision, accuracy, specificity and interference were also analyzed.

RESULTSBoth homogenous HDL-C assays were precise, having a within-run CV < 3%, day-to-day CV < 3% and total CV < 4%. The HDL-C values measured by the two homogenous methods correlated well with those by PTA-Mg2+ method (X): Y = 0.9316 X + 0.1063, r = 0.9762 for PPD method (Y); and Y = 0.9106 X + 0.1368, r = 0.9894 for PEGME method (Y). The linearity studies showed the two homogenous methods to be linear up to 4.14 mmol/L. The lowest detectable concentration of the two methods was apparently 0.08 mmol/L. Recoveries of the two methods were 94.1%-106.2%. Hemoglobin did not interfere with the HDL-C results in the two homogenous methods, whereas icteric samples with total bilirubin > 200 mg/L showed discrepancies. Lipemia up to triglyceride concentration of 17.0 mmol/L did not interfere with the two homogenous HDL-C assays.

CONCLUSIONSThe two new homogenous HDL-C assays meet the requirements for accuracy, precision, ease of handling with massive sample, allow full automation, and are clinically useful.

Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The application of adhesive root canal filling materials is the tendency in root canal obturation. The orientation is to develop the adhesive core material and sealer making a whole structure. In this review, we summarized the researches on the resin-dentin adhesion in the root canal obturation.
Dentin ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Humans ; Root Canal Filling Materials ; Root Canal Obturation

OBJECTIVETo screen the polypeptides specifically binding to human large intestinal cancer LoVo cells from a phage-displayed peptide library for potential use as targeting vectors for large intestinal cancer therapy.

METHODSWith the LoVo cells as the target cells and human normal large intestinal mucosal epithelial cells as the absorber cells for subtraction biopanning from a c7c phage-display peptide library, the positive phage clones were identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence detection. The amino acid sequences of the identified peptides were deduced by DNA sequencing.

RESULTSAfter 3 rounds of screening, 5 positive phage clones showing specific binding to LoVo cells and containing conserved motif RPMP were obtained from the 20 randomly selected clones.

CONCLUSIONSpecific peptide against large intestinal cancer cells can be obtained from a phage-display peptide library for use as potential vectors for targeting therapy of large intestinal cancer.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Binding, Competitive ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Library ; Peptides ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Protein Binding

BACKGROUNDRecently, new anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) have been more frequently selected to treat epilepsy. In the present study, we evaluated the dynamic changes of efficacy and safety of three newer AEDs for treating partial epilepsy in China.

METHODSPatients were collected sequentially and were divided into three groups which accepted oxcarbazepine (OXC), lamotrigine (LTG) or topiramate (TPM) therapy. Each group included monotherapy and add-on therapy subgroups. We followed all patients for one year and recorded the indexes of efficacy and safety in detail.

RESULTSA total of 909 patients finished the follow-up observation. No significant difference was found in proportion of patients with > or = 50% reduction, > or = 75% reduction and 100% seizure reduction in the LTG and OXC groups between the first and the second six months. In the TPM group there was a statistical difference between the first and the second six months in proportion of patients with > or = 50% reduction (P = 0.002), > or = 75% reduction (P < 0.0001) and 100% seizure reduction (P = 0.009) in the monotherapy subgroup, and about > or = 75% reduction and 100% seizure reduction in the add-on therapy subgroup (P < 0.0001). The efficacy between the add-on and monotherapy subgroups showed a statistical difference. The safety of the three newer AEDs was good.

CONCLUSIONSThe three newer AEDs all showed good efficacy and tolerability for partial epilepsy. And the efficacy can be maintained for at least one year.

Anticonvulsants ; therapeutic use ; Carbamazepine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; China ; Epilepsies, Partial ; drug therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fructose ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome ; Triazines ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism underlying the effect of combined use of cyclonpamine and hydroxycamptothecin in inducing the apoptosis of human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line (OSCC) HSQ-89.

METHODSCCK8 assay was used to investigate the inhibitory effect of cyclopamine on HSQ-89 cells. Flow cytometry (FCM) was employed to examine the cell apoptosis following combined treatment with cyclonpamine and hydroxycamptothecin. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to detect the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and Bid in HSQ-89 cells after the treatments.

RESULTSCombined treatment with cyclonpamine and hydroxycamptothecin significantly inhibited the cell proliferation compared with hydroxycamptothecin treatment alone, also resulting in a significantly higher apoptosis rate of the cells (P<0.05). The mRNA level of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased after the treatments, especially after the combined treatment. Cyclopamine produced no significant effect on the mRNA levels of Bcl-xl and Bid in the cells.

CONCLUSIONThe combined use of cyclopamine and hydroxycamptothecin significantly down-regulates the expression on of bcl-2 to induce the apoptosis of human OSCC cell line HSQ-89.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Camptothecin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Synergism ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Veratrum Alkaloids ; pharmacology

Objective To determine the effect of local mild hypothermia on patients with acute cerebral infarction and ascertain its optimal therapeutic window. Methods According to the time receiving treatment, 114 patients with acute cerebral infarction were divided into group A (≤6 h), group B (6-24 h) and group C (≥ 24 h). Then, each group was subdivided into 2 groups at random: treatment group (A1, B1, C1) and control group (A2, B2, C2). Patients in the control group were subjected to such conventional therapy as anti-platelet aggregation. Patients in the treatment group were treated with local mild hypothermia (33-35 ℃ body-core temperature) for 48 h besides conventional therapy. Clinical outcomes were assessed by the National institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) on admission and 7, 14,30 d after treatment. Furthermore, we detected the serum level of nitrogen monoxidum (NO) and superoxide dismutasc (SOD) on admission, and 7 and 14 d after treatment. Results Compared with the control group, treatment group enjoyed significantly decreased scores of NIHSS 7, 14 and 30 d after treatment and significantly decreased level of NO 7 and 14 d after treatment (P＜0.05), but obviously increased SOD vitality 7 and 14 d after treatment (P＜0.05). No significant differences in terms of NIHSS scores, level of NO and SOD vitality were noted between group C1 and group C2 at each time point (P＞0.05). Group Al and group B1 had obviously lower scores of NIHSS than group C1 on the 7th, 14th and 30th d of treatment, and had significantly lower level of NO and obviously increased SOD vitality as compared with group C1 on the 7th and 14th d of treatment (P＜ 0.05), and group A1 enjoyed its advantage.Conclusion Early local mild hypothermia therapy can improve neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction. The mild hypothermia induced within 6 h may be optimal therapeutic window;mild hypothermia induced at 6-24 h is less effective and that above 24 h is non-effective.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effects on allografts and the possible mechanism of adeno-associated heme-oxygenase-1 (AdHO-1) gene therapy against chronic rejection injury.

METHODSEx vivo AdHO-1 gene therapy was performed in vascular and renal transplantation models. The structure and function, the expression of therapeutic genes and proteins, and the immune modulation were analyzed.

RESULTSAdHO-1 gene therapy protected renal transplant against chronic rejection, but the effect was not as remarkable as that in vascular transplant. The transfected empty vehicle aggravated chronic rejection damage in renal transplantation. AdHO-1 decreased the infiltration of macrophages and CD4(+) T cells.

CONCLUSIONSAdHO-1 gene therapy can lessen damage of chronic rejection in allografts. It plays roles by protecting transplants, down-regulating immune response and inducing immune deviation.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Blood Vessels ; transplantation ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Chronic Disease ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Genetic Vectors ; Graft Rejection ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Graft Survival ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; genetics ; Kidney Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Macrophages ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Transfection ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVETo assess the value of PET in the identification of cervical nodal metastases of tongue cancer in comparison with CT/MRI and clinical palpation.

METHODSThirty-eight patients with tongue cancer underwent PET and CT/MRI within 2 weeks before surgery. The results of PET, CT/MRI, and clinical palpation were interpreted separately to assess the regional lymph node status, using histopathological analysis as the golden standard. The differences in the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy among the imaging modalities and clinical palpation were analyzed.

RESULTSThe sensitivity of PET for nodal metastasis identification was 11.1% higher than that of CT/MRI (83.3% vs 72.2%, P=0.423) and 16.6% higher than that of clinical palpation (83.3% vs 66.7%, P=0.248). The specificity of PET was 5% higher than that of CT/MRI (80% vs 75%, P=0.703) and 15% higher than that of clinical palpation (80% vs 65%, P=0.288). The accuracy of PET, CT/MRI, and clinical palpation in identifying cervical nodal metastases was 81.6%, 73.7% and 65.8%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of PET for detecting cervical nodal metastases are greater than those of CT/MRI and clinical palpation. Although the results failed to show statistically significant differences, we still recommend that PET be used as a supplementary modality for identifying nodal metastases of tongue cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tongue Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology

Objective To determine the safety and efficacy of intra-arterial urokinase in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) patients with computed tomography perfusion-based selection within a 6-9 h window.Methods Fifty-two ACI patients,with computed tomography perfusion imaging (CTPI) identifying thresholds for salvageable penumbra,were randomly assigned to intra-arterial thrombolysis with urokinase (group A) and conventional anti-platelet aggregation (group B) within a 6-9 h window.Whole brain digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was done at pre-and post-treatment to observe the recanalization of occlusive vessels in group A.The National Institutes of Health Stroke scale (NIHSS) 24 h and 7 d after treatment,and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Barthel Index (BI) 90 d after treatment were used to evaluate the efficacy.Results In group A,15 patients showed successful recanalization (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction [TIMI] index:grade Ⅲ in 9 and grade Ⅱ in 6) and 12 patients showed unsuccessful recanalization (TIMI index:grade Ⅰ in 6 and grade 0 in 6) with a successful recanalization rate of 55.56％.More obvious NIHSS improvement 24 h and 7 d after treatment in group A was observed than that in group B (P＜0.05),and more patients with favorable outcomes based on mRS and BI in group A were noted than those in group B (P＜0.05).In addition,the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage within 24 h of treatment between the two groups was similar (P＞ 0.05).Conclusions Intra-arterial thrombolysis with urokinase is safe and effective for ACI patients within a 6-9 hour window under the guidance of CTPI.