Air Pollutants ; analysis ; Dust ; analysis ; Environment Design ; Environmental Monitoring ; instrumentation

Objective To investigate the CT diagnostic value and CT findings of fungal sinusitis.Methods CT findings of fungal sinusitis in 25 cases proved pathologically were retrospectively analysed.Results Heterogeneous density of sinusal cavity with small calcification appeared as spots or floccose(9 cases) and sand-like or patchy(16 cases) shadows,and local bone destruction.Conclusion The fungal sinusitis has characteristic findings on CT.CT is a valuable method for diagnosing the disease.

Objective To evaluate the value of 64-slice spiral computed tomography angiography(CTA) in diagnosis of acute severe chest pain caused by vascular diseases.Methods 34 cases with acute severe chest pain caused by vascular lesions confirmed clinically underwent CTA examinations.The images were processed with multi-planar reconstruction,maximal intensity projection,curved planar reconstruction and volume rendering,then the imaging features were analysed.Results CTA showed acute aortic dissection in 13 cases,acute pulmonary embolism in 9 cases and acute coronary syndrome in 12 cases,all cases were confirmed by clinic.Conclusion 64-slice CTA has very important practical value in diagnosis of acute severe chest pain.

Objective To evaluate the influence of up-regulation of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP 78)induced by 2-deoxyglucose(2DG)on fetal rat cerebral neuron apoptosis following intrauterine distress and the unification of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrium.Methods (1) Fetal rat intrauterine distress model was established and rats were divided into normal group(n=10),ischemiareperfusion(IR) group( n = 40) and treatment group ( n = 40, injection of 2DG into pregnant rats' abdomen after operation ). (2) Neuron apoptosis and the influence of 2DG on apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The expression of GRP78, caspase-9,-12,and cytoron C protein were detected by western blot technique. Results (1) The number of TUNEL positive neuron in normal group was 4. 3±1. 8 /mm2. The expression of GRP78,caspase-9,-12, cytoron C in cytoplasm were 0.012±0.003, 0.004±0.003, 0.006±0.002, 0.012±0. 005, respectively. (2) The number of TUNEL positive neuron in the IR group were 43.6±11.4/mm2( reperfusion 3 h), 64. 4±9. 3/mm2 (repeffusion 6 h), 74. 2±12. 1/mm2 ( repeffusion 12 h), 97. 3±8. 9 /mm2 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly more than that in normal group(P ＜0. 05).The expression of GRP78 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 092±0. 008 ( reperfusion 3 h), 0. 078±0.006 (reperfusion 6 h), 0.054±0.009 (reperfusion 12 h), 0.038±0.007 (reperfusion 24 h),respectively. The expression of cytoren C in cytoplasm at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 040±0. 006 (repeffusion 3 h), 0. 076±0. 009 (reperfusion 6 h), 0. 108±0. 005 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 089±0. 008 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. The expression of caspase-9 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 042±0. 003 ( reperfusion 3 h), 0. 086±0. 007 ( reperfusion 6 h ), 0. 142±0. 006 ( reperfusion 12 h), 0. 112±0. 009 ( reperfusion 24 h), respectively. The expression of caspase-12 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 076±0. 006 (reperfusion 3 h), 0. 113±0. 010 (reperfusion 6 h), 0. 125±0. 005 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 057±0. 008 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly higher than that in normal group(P＜0. 05). (3) The number of TUNEL positive neuron in the treatment group were 19.4±10. 6/mm2 ( reperfusion 3 h), 26. 4±12. 3/mm2 ( repeffusion 6 h), 39. 3±13.3/mm2 ( reperfusion 12 h), 49. 3±13. 6/mm2 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly lower than that in IR group, but more than that in normal group(P＜0. 05). The expression of GRP78 at corresponding times in the treatment group were 0. 158±0.012 (repeffusion 3 h), 0. 175±0. 005 (reperfusion 6 h), 0. 125±0. 013 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 079±0. 004 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly higher than that in IR group and normal group (P＜0. 05 ). The expression of cytoron C in cytoplasm at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 026±0. 002 (reperfusion 3 h), 0. 042±0. 008 (repeffusion 6 h),0. 062±0. 007 ( reperfusion 12 h), 0. 045±0. 004 ( reperfusion 24 h), respectively. The expression of caspase-9 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 033±0. 002 ( reperfusion 3 h), 0. 063±0. 005(reperfusion 6 h), 0. 092±0. 005 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 068±0. 008 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively.The expression of caspase-12 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 061±0. 004 ( reperfusion 3 h),0. 068±0. 009 ( reperfusion 6 h), 0. 072±0. 007 ( reperfusion 12 h), 0. 054±0. 005 ( repedusion 24 h),respectively. They were significantly lower than that in IR group, but higher than that in normal group(P＜0. 05). Conclusions Fetal rat cerebral neuron apoptosis following intrauterine distress is associated with the action of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrium. Up-regulation of GRP78 induced by 2DG counteracts primary cellular damage caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress. 2DG plays a protective role for fetal rat cerebral neuron following intrauterine distress.

Objective To explore the relationship between the classification and imageology,the dynamic changes of bronchoscopy and CT features of endobronchial tuberculosis(EBTB).Methods CT findings and bronchoscopic findings in 48 cases with EBTB proved by sputum culture , bronchoscopic biopsy and surgical pathology were analyzed.The classification,dynamic changes and CT characteristics were also evaluated.Results Bronchoscopic results showed 13 of edematous-hyperemic type, 8 of caseous nocrosis type, 5 of fibrostenotic type, 2 of tumorous type, 6 of granular type, 7 of ulcerative type and 7 of mixed type. CT manifestations in different types were intersected,including thickened bronchial wall (64.6%) , bronchial stenosis (41.7%) , aerated bronchus sign ( 37.5% ) ,intra-luminal nodules ( 25% ), bronchial structure with obstructive atelectasis ( 37.5% ) and pneumonia (25% ) .The corresponding rate between bronchoscopy and CT was 83.3% in detecting diseases.19 cases were followed-up by bronchoscopy during the initial 1~5 months of treatment,and 12 cases (3 edematous-hyperemic,4 caseation,3 ulcerative,2 mixed type) were resolved or healed without sequelae,6 cases changed into the other type,4 cases changed into the fibrostenotic type, 2 cases remained in a fibrostenotic state in spite of drug therapy.28 cases were followed-up by CT during the initial 1~5 months of treatment, and 20 cases (6 edematous-hyperemic,4 caseation,3 ulcerative, 1 granular,2 fibrostegnotic 1 tumorous,3 mixed type) were improved,6 cases changed into the other type,2 cases turned into the fibrostenotic type, 2 cases did not improve despite antituberculosis chemotherapy.CT correlated well with fibrobronchoscope(88.5%) in predicting the therapeutic outcome of EBTB.Conclusion CT as a non-invasive method has high clinical value in observing the evolution , predicting the complications and evaluating the therapeutic effect of EBTB.

Objective To analyze the MR features of atypical meningiomas,so that to improve the diagnostic accuracy of this tumor pre-surgery.Methods There were 12 cases of atypical meningiomas proved by surgery and pathology.All of these patients underwent plain and contrast-enhanced MR examinations.Results Totally 12 cases,included 2 cases of multiple meningiomas,2 cases of lateral ventriclar meningiomas,2 cases of completely calcific meningiomas,3 cases of cystic meningiomas and 3 cases of malignant meningiomas.Conclusion The external cerebral signs of the tumors are the important basis for the localizing diagnosis of atypical meningiomas.Atypical MR signs of meningiomas are of complimentary value in qualitative diagnosis.

Objective To report the surgical methods and results of pure laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotopic U-shape ileal neobladder.Methods From August 2010 to April 2014,19 patients with locally advanced bladder cancer (cT2-3 N0-2 M0) underwent pure laparoscopic radical cystectomy and Endo-GIA assisted orthotopic U-shape ileal neobladder reconstruction.Perioperative and follow-up data were collected.Results The surgeries were successful in all 19 cases with the operating time ranging from 261 to 380 min,blood loss of 100 to 350 ml.Postoperative hospital stay was 21±4 (15-26) days,postoperative intestinal function recovery time at 1.9±0.4 (1.5-2.3) days.Surgical margins were all negative.Lymph node positive rate was 32％ (6/19).Complications were including 1 case of lymphatic leakage; 3 cases of new bladder and urethra anastomotic fistula.There were 17 cases of urinary incontinence,all these cases were improved after 3 months,but there were still 8 cases of night-time incontinence.Three cases had unilateral ureteral reflux,ureter mild hydrocephalus,1 of the cases had recurrent infections within 1 month after surgery.After the anti-inflammatory and catheterization treatment,the symptoms were improved.Two cases had unilateral ureteral anastomotic stricture,one underwent percutaneous nephrostomy and cystoscope-assisted double J tube placement,another underwent laparoscopic ureteral neobladder reimplantation.One case had bilateral ureteral stenosis due to recurrent infections,and underwent bilateral laparoscopic ureteral-new bladder reimplantation.Patients were followed up for 8-42 months,no recurrence or distant metastasis was found.Conclusion Pure laparoscopic radical cystectomy with endo-GIA assisted orthotopic U-shape ileal neobladder can reduce surgical trauma and help patient's postoperative recovery.

Objective To research the pyrazinamide drug susceptibility of Mycohacterium tuberculosis,and provide reference for clinical medication and prevention.Methods Bactec MGIT 960 system was used to test the resistance of isoniazid,rifam picin,ethambutol,streptomycin and pyrazinamide for 153 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Results Of 153 Mycobacterium tuberculosis,34 were resistant to PZA,and the resistant rate was 22.2 ％.There was no PZA single drug resistance.A mong patients with and without INH resistance,RFP resistance,EMB resistance and Sm resistance,the proportions of PZA resistance were respectively 40.5 ％ (34/84) vs 0％(0/69),47.5％(29/61) vs 5.4％(5/92),75％(6/8) vs 19.3％(28/145),53.1％ (26/49) vs 7.7％ (8/104).Among the 54 multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains 53.7％ were resistant to PZA,which was significantly higher than 5.1 ％ (5/99) among the nonMDR-TB strains (x2 =47.854,P＜0.05).In multivariate logistic analysis,resistance to Sm (OR=0.270,95％CI:0.091～0.802) and MDR-TB (OR=0.281,95％CI:0.087～0.911) were risk factors to PZA resistance.Conclusion The PZA resistance rate among MDR-TB isolates was high.PZA resistance would be associated with SM resistance and MDR-TB.The drug susceptibility test for PZA is very important to MDR-TB patients.

Objective:To explore the expression of Ezrin and CD44v6 in gastric carcinoma and their correlations to clinicopathologic features. Methods:The expression of Ezrin and CD44v6 were detected by immunohistochemistry in gastric carcinoma(n=53) and normal gastric mucosa(n=20).Results:①The positive expression rates of Ezrin in gastric carcinoma and normal gastric mucosa were 56.6% and 30.0%.While the positive expression rates of CD44v6 in gastric carcinoma was 58.5% and no expression in normal gastric mucosa.②The expression of Ezrin was correlated to the differentiation(P0.05).③The expression of Ezrin was positively correlated with that of CD44v6 in gastric carcinoma(rs=0.740,P

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the risk factors of broad-spectrum antibiotic usage more than for two weeks and primary pulmonary disease as a risk factor of nosocomial infections. METHODS A retrieval report which used retrospective case control study to analyze the two risk factors of fungi nosocomial infection was reviewed. Fixed effect model or stochastic effect model were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Three retrospective case control studyies were investigated. The primary pulmonary disease exposure rate was significantly higher than control group. Broad-spectrum antibiotic usage exposure rate had not significant difference. CONCLUSIONS Broad-spectrum antibiotic more than two weeks isn′t a risk factor but primary pulmonary disease is the risk factor for fungi nosocomial infection.