The concentration of airborne microbes in summer tourism season in Huangshan Scenic Spot was measured by fallen plate method at l4 collection sites. The study on the community structure and distribution characteristics of outdoor airborne microbes was carried out. The results showed that the average concentra- tion of the bacteria, fungi and total microbes in the outdoor environment were 0.41?104 CFU/m3, 0.34? 104 CFU/m3 and 0.75?104 CFU/m3 respectively, and the average percentage of fungi of the total was 45.9%. These indicated that the outdoor air had been polluted by airborne microbes. The preliminary identification was made on the bacteria and fungi at different sampling sites and the results showed that the dominant bac- teria mainly belonged to Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus and Pseudomonas, and the average per- centage of the total amount of the bacteria was 37.7%, 17.2%, 10.1% and 9.8% respectively; the dominant fungi belonged to Cladosporium, Mycelia sterilia, Penicillium and Alternaria, and the average percentage of the total amount of the fungi were 40.4%, 35.0%, 5.6% and 4.3% respectively. The results indicated that thedistribution characteristics of air microbes are affected not only by topographical and climatic characteristics, but also by factors such as tourist activities, animals and plants.

Objective To understand the air microorganisms pollution and the community structure and distribution characteristics of outdoor airborne microbes in Hefei. Methods Airborne microbes were sampled by fallen plate method at 10 collection sites in the Hefei city. Results The results showed that the average concentration of the bacteria,fungi and total microbes in the outdoor environment were 5.04?104,3.75?103 and 5.41?104 cfu/m3 respectively and the fungi accounted for 6.92%of the total. The preliminary identification showed that the dominant bacteria mainly were Micrococcus, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus and the average percentage were 37.3%, 21.0%, 10.3% and 9.5% respectively. Of the five fungi the dominant ones were Aspergillum, Penicillium, Mucor and Rhizopu. The average percentage were 42.0%,36.0%,4.4% and 4.2% respectively. Conclusion The outdoor air of Hefei has been polluted by airborne microbes. The distribution of the airborne microbes has the characteristics of time and space.It is affected not only by the environment and pollution,but also by such factors as human activities,animals and plants.

By means of correlative analysis of critical care air transportation management between China Air Force and United State Air Force,five areas of importance are discussed in this paper,such as the management model of strategies for air transportation,critical care team personnel composition,professional training mechanism,normalization and standardi-zation of operation process,and intensive application of new technology and equipment.

Objective:To design the teaching method of problem-based learning(PBL) and verify as well as evaluate its effectiveness in the teaching practice of clinical nuclear medicine.Methods:A new teaching method-PBL was introduced on the basis of summarizing the problems and shortcomings in the teaching of clinical nuclear medicine.The students raised questions centering on the typical cases and discussed under the guidance of the teacher by team.Afterward the teaching effectiveness was judged by the results of test and the evaluation of students and teachers.Results:PBL received favorable feed-backs from students and teachers.The results of test had obviously improved in the PBL groups(P

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinate acid(DMSA) renal cortical scintigraphy for the identification of distinguishing between upper urinary infection(UUTI) and lower upper urinary infection(LUTI).Methods Two hundred and seventy-five children (111 males,164 females)ranging from 44 days to 15 years old,presented with urinary tract infection underwent 99mTc-DMSA renal cortical scintigraphy.The images were scored as normal (indicating LUTI) and abnormal (indicating acute pyelonephritis or renal scarring).Results Of 275 children with UTI,95 cases had normal images diagnosed as LUTI,41 males,54 females;and 180 cases had abnormal images,70 males,110 females.One hundred and seventy-four cases were diagnosed as acute pyelonephritis,6 cases were diagnosed as renal cortical scars,56 cases were single renal involved and 118 cases were both renal involved,and 22 cases repeatedly underwent renal cortical scanning after therapy.Sixteen of 18 cases with acute pyelonephritis completely recovered normal or obviously ameliorated after 0.5 to 2.0 years,2 cases did not show any improvement after 0.5 to 1.5 years,4 cases with renal scarring,and showed little change on repeated images after 1.0 to 1.5 years.Conclusions The 99mTc-DMSA renal scintigraphy is very useful in differentiating the children with urinary tract infection.It also can be used to determine the extension,degree and nature of UUTI,and might play an important role in the treatment and follow-up observation in children with UUTI.

Objective In order to investigate the interactions between the activities of daily living of children with post poliomyelitis and depression of their parents.Method 40 cases whose children were with post poliomyelitis were tested by SDSCR.Children's activity of daily living were tested with Barthel's index.Result 65％ of parents whose children with post polimyelitis were depression.Their symptoms of depression were mainly moderate level.There are marked difference comparing with the domestic normal analyzing model.The activities of daily living of the post poliomyelitis's children was worse,the older their parent's age was the higher the incidence of depression occurred was.Conclusion We should pay attention to their parents emotion changes when we carry out the community rehabilitation of post poliomyelitis's children,and strive them for positive coperating our rehabilitation training.

The tuberous roots of Aconitum carmichaeli are largely used in traditional Chinese medicine and widely grown in Jiangyou, Sichuan, China. During the growth process, this medicinal plant releases a large amount of allelochemicals into soil, which retard the growth and development of near and late crops. Therefore, a pure culture experiment was thus carried out by seed soaking to study the allelopathic effects of extracts from tuberous roots of A. carmichaeli (ETR) on the seed germination and young seedling growth of Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens, and Medicago sativa, the late pasture grasses after cultivation of A. carmichaeli. The results showed that three pasture grasses varied significantly in seed germination and young seedling growth in response to ETR concentrations. Seed germination of M. sativa was stimulated by low ERT concentration (0.01 x g(-1)), while all of pasture grass seeds germinated poorly in solution with 1.00 g x L(-1). Seed soaking with 1.00 g x L(-1) also inhibited significantly the growth of pasture young seedlings, with M. sativa showing the highest seedling height reduction of 42.05% in seeding height, followed by T. repens (40.21%) and L. perenne with about 11%. Cultivation of L. perenne could thus be beneficial to increase whole land productivity in A. carmichaeli-pasture grass cropping systems. In addition, hydrolysis of protein, starch, and inositol phosphates was blocked and free amino acids, soluble sugars and phosphorus were decreased in seeds by seed soaking with ETR, which could be one of the reason for the inhibition of seed germination. There was a significant reduction in root vigor, nitrate reductase, and chlorophyll after the seed treatment with ETR, indicating the suppression of nutrient uptake, nitrate assimilation, and photosynthesis by allelopathic chemicals in ETR, which could lead to the slow growth rate of pasture grass seedlings.
Aconitum ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Allelopathy ; China ; Pheromones ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Plant Extracts ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Poaceae ; drug effects ; growth & development

SUMOylation is a post - translational modification consisting of covalent conjugation of ubiquitin - like proteins called small ubiquitin related modifier ( SUMO ) . SUMO modification has been shown to significantly alter protein activity, which can modulate protein stability, affect protein-protein interactions, and modify protein localization and trafficking. This process adds another layer of control in eukaryote gene expression, and it regulates both transcriptional activation and repression. This article reviews the current situation and future development of SUMOylation in ophthalmology.

Objective To explore the causes of congenital hypothyroidism by single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) thyroid imaging.Methods Nineteen cases with congenital hypothyroidism were collected,and SPECT thyroid imaging was performed 15 minutes late after injected 99m TcO_ 4- 18.5-37.0 MBq.Results Five cases were found with normal glands,1 case with enlarged thyroid, 2 cases with enlarged thyroid and increased radiation,4 cases with ectopic thyroid,4 with a hypogenetic thyroid,and the last 3 cases showed no thyroid imaging.Conclusions The causes of congenital hypothyroidism can be found by SPECT thyroid imaging,which is important to the diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism combined with detection of T_3,T_4,TSH.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the formation of pigmented biliary calculus and biliary H.pylori infection.Methods Bile from 35 patients with pigmented biliary calculus and 10 healthy controls was cultured for aerobic,anaerobic and H.pylori.The expression of H.pylori- DNA in bile,bile duct mucosa and pigmented calculus were determined by PCR.The expression of H. pylori associated protein in bile duct mucosa was determined by Western-blot and Warthin-Starry staining.Results H.pylori culture was negative in all bile samples.In 35 patients with biliary pigmen- ted calculus,H.pylori was detected by PCR in the center of calculus,bile and bile duct mucosa of 14.29%,31.43% and 56.67% patients,respectively.Among H.pylori-DNA positive bile samples,7 contained anti-CagA antibodies,and 6 contained Vac A.in addition to Vacuolating cytotoxin(35000), glycoprotein(30000),Urase Band Urase A.Bacteria resembling H.pylori by Warthin-Starry stainning were found in 7 of 30(23.33%)bile duct mueosal samples from patients with biliary pigmented calculus. H.pylori-DNA and its associated protein were not detected in all bile and bile duct mucosae samples from the healthy controls.Conclusions The evidence of H.pylori-DNA and its associated protein in biliary system might indicate the role of H.pylori in the formation of biliary pigmented calculus.