To obtain the key genes for chlorogenic acid biosynthesis of Lonicera hypoglauca, four new genes ware obtained from the our dataset of L. hypoglauca. And we also predicted the structure and function of LHPAL4, LHHCT1 , LHHCT2 and LHHCT3 proteins. The phylogenetic tree showed that LHPAL4 was closely related with LHPAL1, LHHCT1 was closely related with LHHCT3, LHHCT2 clustered into a single group. By Real-time PCR to detect the gene expressed level in different organs of L. hypoglauca, we found that the transcripted level of LHPAL4, LHHCT1 and LHHCT3 was the highest in defeat flowers, and the transcripted level of LHHCT2 was the highest in leaves. These result provided a basis to further analysis the mechanism of active ingredients in different organs, as well as the element for in vitro biosynthesis of active ingredients.
Chlorogenic Acid ; metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Computational Biology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Structure, Secondary

OBJECTIVETo provide quantitative foundation for the diagnosis of atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation by analyzing the various imaging features of normal atlanto-axial joints in neutral position and rotary functional position on the MSCT images.

METHODSForty-one normal volunteers were examined by CT on the atlanto-axial joint in neutral position and rotary functional position. By the observation and measurement of atlanto-dental interval (ADI), lateral atlanta-dental space (LADS), VBLADS and rotating angle of atlas on dentate (RAAD), the imaging manifestations and anatomical characteristics were analyzed and compared. In order to compare VBLADS and RAAD and make a correlation analysis between different age groups, 51 normal volunteers were divided into two groups: age younger than 45 years old group and age older than or equal to 45 years old group.

RESULTSThe dens in neutral position deviated in an angle range of (3.22±0.89)°. The articular facets of lateral atlantoaxial joint in rotary functional position had rotatory displacement and the range of the relative rotation angle was (33.85± 2.79)°. Through the correlation analysis of matching data, it could be concluded that there was no correlation between atlantoaxial relative rotation angle and VBLADS within a certain range. There were statistically differences of atlantoaxial relative rotation angle in rotary functional position between two groups.

CONCLUSIONMSCT imaging in rotary functional position can clearly show the anatomical structure and rotation function of a normal atlanto-axial joint, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis of atlanto axial rotatory subluxation.

Adult ; Aged ; Atlanto-Axial Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; methods ; Rotation

BACKGROUND: Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), the seed cells of all mature cells in vivo, are useful tools for nerve transplantation and developmental gene function research. Notch1 signaling pathway is the key pathway to control the ordered neural development and differentiation of many kinds of neural cells, however, there is no report on the dynamic expression of Notch1 signal during the ESC differentiation to date. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of Notch1 protein, transmembrane signal transduction molecule, during directional differentiation of embryonic stem cells into neural cells. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Cell research was carried out between October 2003 and October 2004 at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, SUN Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. MATERIALS: BALB/C mouse embryonic stem cell line Ⅵ (passage 11)was obtained from experimental animal center of SUN Yat-sen University, provided by professor Huang Bing. ESC culture medium was high-glucose DMEM medium with 20% bovine serum and 106 IU/L mouse leukemia inhibitory factor. Induced differentiation medium was high-glucose DMEM medium with 20% fetal bovine.serum and 5×107 mol/L retinoid acid(RA). METHODS: Passage 11 ESCs were resuscitated and incubated by ESC culture medium in incubator at 37℃ with 5% CO2. Passage 11 ESCs were subcultured after 2 or 3 days and RA was added into medium to induce differentiation. Three time points for observation were established: induced for 1, 5 and 9 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Morphological changes were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, MAP-2 antigen expressed in differentiated cells was detected by immunofluorescence method. Immunocytochemistry, Western Blot, flow cytometry assay were used to investigate the Notch1 protein expression. RESULTS: ESCs presented clone-like growth. After induced by RA for 9 days, single neural network was achieved around most of the cell clusters. With the prolongation of induction, MAP-2 positive neural cells increased gradually. Almost all ESC clones expressed Notch1 protein strongly or positively, but Notehl protein expression decreased gradually after induced differentiation (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Notch1 signal shuts off progressively during induction of ESCs into neural cells, which suggests Notch1 may play an important role in the differentiation of ESCs into neural cells.

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of Chinese medicine Jinan injection(JA) on Lewis lung cancer (LLC) in mice. METHODS: The C 57 BL/6J mice with Lewis lung cancer(LLC) were divided into normal saline(NS), Jinan high dose (JAH), Jinan middle dose (JAM), Jinan low dose (JAL) and cyclophosphamide(CTX) groups. The body weight changes and inhibitory rate of LLC in each group were observed. In addition, flow cytometry and TUNEL were used to detect the anticancer mechanism of Jinan. RESULTS: The body weights were increased significantly in JA-treated groups vs CTX and the resistant rate was 45.79%, 40.90%, 32.48% and 98.96%, respectively. The apoptotic rate was 24.19%, 14.95% and 13.93% in JAH, JAM and JAL, respectively, and the Jinan induced apoptosis of LIC in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION: Jinan injection inhibites the growth of LLC, and the apoptosis induction may be one of mechanisms that Jinan treates LLC in mice.

Objective To establish a method for fingerprint analysis of amino acids from honey by high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC). Methods Amino acids of honey were concentrated by 732 cation exchange resin, and then were treated by pre-column derivatization with phenyl isothiocyanate, with praline as control peak. The chromatography was performed on a Waters Symmetry C18 ( 250 mm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm) column, with acetonitrile ∶ water (4∶1) as mobile phase A and 30 mmol/L sodium acetate ∶ acetonitrile (355∶15, acetic acid adjusting pH value to be 6.5) as mobile phase B by gradient elution. The detection wave length was set at 254 nm. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 40℃, and the injection volume was 5μL. Results Sixteen common peaks were shown in the fingerprint of 15 batches of honey samples. The similarity for 15 batches of honey samples was in the range of 0.910 ~ 0.996 . Conclusion The fingerprint detection method is simple, practical, reproducible and specific, and can provide certain reference for quality control of honey.

? AIM: To explore the curative effect of dacryocystorhinostomy under endoscopy with mitomycin for the treatment of chronic dacryocystitis.?METHODS: Totally 73 cases ( 78 eyes ) with chronic dacryocystitis were treated with dacryocystorhinostomy under endoscopy with mitomycin and followed up for 6-12mo.?RESULTS: In the 73 patients, 66 cases with 70 eyes (90%) were cured, 2 cases with 3 eyes (4%) improved, 5 cases with 5 eyes ( 6%) not changed. In the recurrent 5 eyes, 2 eyes were treated under endoscopy to remove granulation, enlarge the opening, then anesthetic tube was placed after cotton sheet with 0. 4g/L mitomycin was put on the incision for 5min. The rest 3 eyes were treated in superior hospital with laser, and all were successful. There was no severe complication observed.?CONCLUSION:Dacryocystorhinostomy under endoscopy with mitomycin for chronic dacryocystitis is effective.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the pathogenic causes of lower respiratory tract infections(LRTIs) in the elderly in Guangzhou area.METHODS Pathogens obtained from 107 patients with LRTIs were performed by multiple diagnostic tools that including bacterial culture,PCR and specific immunological assays.RESULTS A bacterial cause was established in 42(68.5%) and an atypical pathogen cause in 25(31.6%) of the 107 patients.Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae remained the most important pathogens for LRTIs.CONCLUSIONS In the prescription of antibiotics in the elderly with LRTIs,not only bacteria but also atypical pathogens should be taken into account.

Fructus Bruceae, the dry and ripe fruits of Brucea ja-vanica( L. ) Merr. ( Simaroubaceae) , has been used for dysenter-y, tumor, malaria and furunculosis treatment, and topical appli-cation for warts and corns. Quassinoids are the main chemical constituents of Fructus Bruceae, which have been proved to have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, anti-viral, anti-bac-terial and hypoglycemic activities, and so on. In view of the ex-tensive pharmacological activities of Fructus Bruceae, and better development and utilization of its medicinal value, the advances of quassinoids in Fructus Bruceae and their pharmacological ac-tivities are reviewed in this paper.

Objective To investigate the expression and function of SH2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP 2 of thymocytes in ? ray irradiation induced leukemia in mice. Methods BALB/c mice were divided into canceration group, non canceration group, and control group. The expression, level of tyrosine phosphorylation, and enzyme catalytic activity of SHP 2 in thymocytes were detected by Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and biochemical method. Results There was obvious correlation among the expression, level of tyrosine phosphorylation, and enzyme catalytic activity of SHP 2, which were significantly higher in the canceration group than those in the non canceration group and the control group ( P

A total of 12 775 SSRs were identified from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi genomic database, accounting for 2.56% of the total genomic sequences. The result showed that S. baicalensis SSRs were based on 68.32% dinucleotide and 18.63% trinucleotide repeats; CT/GA and TTC/GAA were predominant in the dinucleotide motifs and the trinucleotide motifs respectively. Nine primers were selected to produce highly reproducible SSR bands and were used in studying the genetic diversity of S. baicalensis, 50 individuals from ten populations. 68 SSR polymorphic loci were detected, these loci were polymorphic and displayed 4 to 12 alleles per locus with a mean number of 7; the effect number of alleles was 3. Expected heterozygosities were 0.6 and were far more greater than the average in dicotyledonous plants. PIC (polymorphism information content) was 0.72, Shannon's information index was 1.32, these all proved that S. baicalensis had a high genetic diversity in general. Genetic differentiation among population Gst was 0.131, genetic variation among population accounted for 13.1% and genetic variation within population accounted for 86.9%. The cluster analysis showed that 10 populations S. Baicalensis were classified into 2 groups, but it was not associated with geographical distribution.
Alleles ; Cluster Analysis ; Genetic Variation ; Genomics ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; genetics ; Trinucleotide Repeats