Objective To research the best extracting technology of simiaoyongan decoction.Methods As the total contents of chlorogenic acid and harpagoside to be evaluation indicator, adopted L9 (34 ) orthogonal design to select out the best extraction.The main determination was by HPLC method.Results Accounted by the total contents of the two composi-tions, the influential effects of the experimental results were extraction solvent >reflux times >the volume of extraction>the circumfluence time.Conclusion The best extracting technology is adding 10-fold times of 50% alcohol, percolating 1 hours, and three times.

Background and purpose: Adenocarcinoma is the main type of lung cancer and the ages of most patients with adenocarcinoma are over-40 years, the young patients with the disease are rare, and the 5-year survival rate of the young male with lung adenocarcinorna is poor. This study was done to explore the survival and prognosis of young male with lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: A total of 110 surgically treated patients with lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed retrospectively to study the relationship between the prognostic factors and survival. Results: The analysis showed that the overall 5-year survival rate of the young male with lung adenocarcinoma was 34.5%, it was 29.0% for smokers and 42.6% for non-smokers(P<0.05). The 5-year survival rates of staging Ⅰ, lI ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 68.8%,35.7%, 14.3% and 0, respectively(P<0.01),the survival rates of the patients with the number of involved lymph nodes>3 compared to ≤3 were 28.5% and 48.1%(P<0.01). Conclusion: Smoking, p-TNM, the number of involved lymph nodes was correlated with the survival, effective smoking control efforts and total lymphadenectomy are important to the survival of lung adenocarcinoma among young males.

Objective To summarize the clinical efficacy of suture anchors in repairing the delayed Achilles tendon rupture.Methods From January 2010 to December 2013,23 patients with delayed Achilles tendon rupture were treated using the suture anchors.There were 19 males and 4 females,at mean age of 43 years (range,35-53 years).Injury on the left side occurred in 5 patients and right side in 18 patients.Mean time from injury to operation was 26.3 days (range,21-40 days).Ten patients were diaguosed by ultrasound and the other by MRI.All patients underwent suture anchor fixation without external support.Functional training started at the early stage.Incision complications were detected.Ankle flextiou-extension range,American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score,maximum bilateral leg circumference,tendon rerupture and walking posture were recorded at postoperative 6,12,18 and 24 months.Achilles tendon muscular strength was measured with the Lunsford-Perry heelrise test.Results Follow-up was 24 months.All incisions healed by first intention without sural nerve injury,adherence with skin and deep infection.Six months after operation,the ankle range of motion was dorsiflexion 10.8° (range,9-15°) and plantar flexion 43.8° (range,40-48°),with no significant difference in comparison to the health side (P ＞ 0.05).AOFAS score differed significantly before and after operation (P ＜ 0.01).Maximal leg circumference was 38.2 cm in the health side versus 35.8 cm in the injury side (P ＜ 0.05),but the difference was no more than 3 cm.All patients completed 25 times heel raising without difficulty.Four patients walked with a slight limp and recovered from the limp 12 months after operation.No Achilles tendon ruptured again during the follow-up time.Conclusions Repairing the old Achilles tendon rupture with suture anchors can supply strongly strain between broken ends of the tendon,and the outer cast is not needed after operation.Complications are less and functional practice can be commenced in the early postoperative period for better function restoration.

Objective To monitor and compare the breathing mechanics on PC,VC and PRVC during pneumoperitoneum,and to discuss the significance of the clinic use of PRVC.Method Ninety laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients were equally divided into 3 groups (PC,VC,PRVC).Levels of PES,PAWM,PAP,PaCO2,ETCO2,TV MAP and HR were detected before pneumoperitoneum,and at 5,10,15 and 20 minutes postpneumoperitoneum.Results Pneumoperitoneum made three respiratory patterns with different levels of PAWM,PAP,and PES.PES post-pneumoperitoneum in the VC model was obviously higher than that in the PC and PRVC group.At 10 min post-pneumoperitoneum,levels of PaCO2 and ETCO2 increased obviously in the PC and VC group(P ＜ 0.05).Levels of PaCO2 and ETCO2 were increased in the PC group,but TV level post-pneumoperitoneum was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Level of PaCO2 and ETCO2 were increased in the PC and VC group post-pneumoperitoneum,along with increases of MAP and HR (P ＜ 0.05).Levels of MAP and HR in the PRVC group post-pneumoperitoneum were significantly lower than those in the PC and VC group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PRVC mode can effectively reduce the increases of pneumoperitoneum-induced PAWM,PAP,PES,without the unusual increase of PaCO2 and ETCO2 during surgeries,contributing to the stability of vital signs of perioperative patients.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of dexamethasone on stress response induced by intraute-rine balloon aortic valvuloplasty (IUBAV) in a fetal lamb model. Methods Twenty-four near term twin pregnant goats were randomly assigned to control group (n=12) and dexamethasone group (intracardiac injection of dexamethasone) (n=12). Ultrasound guided IUBAV model was established. According to the combination of treatment and operation, 48 fetal lambs were divided into four groups. The following parameters were dynamically monitored by ultrasound, which were fetal and neonatal heart rate (HR), cardiac rhythm, aortic resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI). On established IUBAV model, blood samples and liver tissue specimens were taken from fetal/neonatal goats for detection of blood glucose (Glu), lactate acid (LA), plasma epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), cortisol (Cort), hepatic glycogen staining. Results IUBAV resulted in increased values of Glu, LA, E, NE and Cort levels, and decreased pH value, there were significant differences between pre-and 3h-post procedure (P<0.05), and significant differences were also existed in these values between pre-and 3d-post procedure (P<0.05). After administrating dexamethasone, the changes of Glu, LA, E, NE, Cort and pH levels were suppressed effectively. Fetal hepatic glycogen was consumed in large amounts due to IUBAV while recovered 3 days after IUBAV by glycogen staining. After administrating dexamethasone, hepatic glycogen consumption related to IUBAV was obviously inhibited. After IUBAV, fetal aortic RI was increased, and there was significant differences compared with pre-procedure (P<0.05). Up to 3d-post procedure, the values of RI recovered to some extent, but statistical difference was exist-ed compared with pre-procedure (P<0.05). After administrating of dexamethasone, increased aortic RI was effectively sup-pressed. Conclusions IUBAV could lead to reversible stress response and increased aortic RI in a fetal lamb model which could be alleviated by dexamethasone.

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of verapamil and nicardipine on human scar fibroblast in serum-free culture and to compare the effectness of the two drugs.Methods We used MTT method to detect the effect of two drugs on human scar fibroblast proliferation:adding verapamil and nicardipine with different concentrations in the culture of fibroblasts which were in logarithmic growth phase (150,100,50,10,0μmol/L).After 24,72,and 120 h,we used MTT method to detect the cell proliferation,and converted the absorbance into growth inhibitory ratio.Results Verapamil and nicardipine showed the definite inhibition on the hypertrophic scar fibroblast (HSFB) and keloid fibroblast (KDFB) which were cultured in vitro.There was some difference in the action feature.In the earlier period,the effect of verapamil was powerful than that of nicardipine.With time,the effect did not reinforce.When fibroblast had been cultured for three to five days,the inhibition became weak.But nicardipine showed lasting inhibition on fibroblast proliferation.Conclusion Combination of verapamil with nicardipine may be a valuable method in the treatment of scar.

Objective To investigate the effect of high viscosity bone cement in percutaneous vertebroplasty to treat osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF) and veterbral metastasis tumor(VMT) .Methods 102 cases of OVCF(OVCF group) and 16 cases of VMT(VMT group) in our hospital from March 2010 to December 2012 were performed percutaneous vertebroplasty under local anesthesia ,through the vertebral pedicle approach by conducting puncture at bilateral vertebral pedicle into the vertebra , 3-6 mL high viscosity bone cement was injected to each vertebra .The pain intensity was detected by the McGill pain questionnaire score before operation ,on postoperative 3 d ,1 month and 6 -18 months last follow-up .The preoperative and postoperative MPQ scores were statistically analyzed .Results Postoperative patients′s back pain was significantly alleviated or disappeared .Compared with before operation ,the MPQ scores on postoperative 3 d ,in 1 month and 6 -18 months last follow-up in the OVCF group and the VMT group were significantly decreased(P<0 .05) .The postoperative CT scanning revealed that the cement leakage rates in the OVCF group and the VM T group were 11 .76% and 6 .25% respectively .But no complications of bone cement toxicity ,pulmo-nary embolism ,infection and nerve damage occurred .Conclusion High viscosity bone cement injection has the advantages of strongly controllable injection due to high viscosity ,low bone cement leakage and high surgical safety ,which is suitable for the treatment of OVCF and VM T .

OBJECTIVETo study difference among populations which belong to Astragalus membranaceus and A. membranaceus var. mongholicus on morphology, habit, characteristics of physiology and resistance to powdery mildew, and classify them in order to provide theoretical basis for breeding and improving varieties.

METHODMorphology, habits, isozyme and soluble protein electrophoretograms were compared among the populations. They were categorized by cluster analysis based on those electrophoretograms. Different ability of resistance to powdery mildew was also studied through comparing disease indices among six populations.

RESULTThe results showed A. membranaceus var. mongholicus was distinctly different from A. membranaceus. There was a special type in colonies of A. membranaceus, which showed hairy upper epidermis of leaflets and later florescence.

CONCLUSIONAstragalus for medicine could be categorized in three types A. membranaceus var. mongholicus, A. membranaceus early florescence type and A. membranaceus late florescence type. Among them A. membranaceus var. mongholicus is most resistant to powdery mildew, while A. membranaceus is easily infected, and the early florescence type is even more easily infected.

Ascomycota ; pathogenicity ; Astragalus Plant ; classification ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Astragalus membranaceus ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Phylogeny ; Plant Diseases ; microbiology ; Plant Proteins ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology

In our studies, we have applied a novel tool, microelectrode arrays (MEA), to investigate the electrophysiological properties of murine embryonic hearts in vitro. The electrical signals were recorded from the areas of the heart adhering to the 60 MEA electrodes, being called field potentials (FPs). As an extracelluar recording, the waveform of the FP appeared similar to a reversed action potential obtained from single cell by whole cell current clamp and the FP duration was comparable with the action potential duration. To study propagation of spontaneous electrical activity, we have compared the occurrence time of FPs recorded from different electrodes. It is shown that there was already an apparent A-V delay [(50.21+/-9.7) ms] at day 9.5 post coitum (E9.5) when heart was still tubular-like and atrium and ventricle were not separated anatomically, while occurence of FP at different electrodes of ventricular area were almost synchronous. Further, we looked into the modulation of spontaneous electrical activity during cardiac development: at E9.5 of embryonic development, 1 mumol/L of isoproterenol (Iso) increased beating frequency by (34.04+/-7.31)%, shortened the A-V delay by (20.00+/-6.44) % and prolonged FP duration. In contrast, 1 mumol/L of carbachol (CCh) slowed down beating frequency by (42.32+/-5.36) %, A-V conduction by (26.00+/-4.81) % and shortened FP duration; however at late stage (E16.5), the regulatory effect of Iso and CCh was strengthened. Therefore we conclude that cardiac conduction system is already established at E9.5 when the four-chambered heart is not formed yet and the regulation of spontaneous activity by sympathetic and para-sympathetic system is gradually matured during cardiac development.
Action Potentials ; physiology ; Animals ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Fetal Heart ; physiology ; Heart Conduction System ; embryology ; physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Microelectrodes

Objective To investigate the effects of hemiarthroplasty with different hip prostheses on the prognosis of unstable osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted on the clinical data of 556 elderly patients with unstable osteoporotic femoral intertrochanteric fractures treated with hemiarthroplasty from January 2008 to December 2014.There were 142 males and 414 females,aged (83.1 ± 6.9) years (range,75-103 years).The T value of bone mineral density was-3.5--2.5 SD [(-2.8 ± 0.2) SD].There were 306 cases of type A2.2 and 250 cases of type A2.3 according to AO classification.There were 296 cases of cement type and 260 biological type according to prosthesis type.Operation time,blood loss,time for ambulation,Harris hip score,and incidence of perioperative major complications were used to compare the therapeutic outcomes between the two types of prostheses.Results The operation time [(75.5 ±9.2) minutes],blood loss [(992.9 ± 94.2)ml],and time for ambulation[(7.1 ± 1.8) days] in cement type group were all less than those [(86.1 ± 9.3) minutes,(1 139.5 ± 96.0) ml,and (8.6 ± 2.1) days]in biological type group,but the lung infection rate (19.9％),incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular complications (15.9％) and total death rate (7.1％) in cement type group were significantly greater than the those (13.5％,8.8％ and 1.9％) in biological type group (P ＜ 0.05).There was nosignificant difference in Harris score (73.6％ vs.82.7％) between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions In the treatment of unstable osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients by hemiarthroplasty,the use of cement type prosthesis can reduce operation time,blood loss and bed rest time,but it will lead to significant increases of cardio-cerebrovascular complication and overall mortality.The prosthesis type has no significant effect on the improvement of hip function.