Objective To investigate the efficacy of clinical case-based PBL in clinical practice in department of urology.Methods Medical students admitted by our clinical medical school in 2006 and 2007 were involved.Fifty-six students of 2007 grade were chosen as study group while 49students of 2006 grade as control group.Students in study group were taught by clinical case-based PBL method while those in control group by traditional method.All results were analyzed by SPSS 11.0.Results The scores in study group were higher than those in control group with statistical differences (82.84 ± 12.35 vs.72.95 ± 11.13 ; t =4.29,P ＜ 0.01).Students in study group showed more interests in practice lessons.Teachers were more satisfied with the overall performance of students in study group.Conclusions Clinical case-based PBL can increase students' overall performance such as better coordination,better clinical skills and better open-minded clinical case solution.

Objective To express and purify recombinant Tp0136 epitope fragment, and study the immunity activity. Methods The Tp0136 selective fragment(Tp0136B) gene was devised by the surface property analysis, solvent-accessible suface calculateions, secondary structure function region analysis, and was inserted between the sites of Nde Ⅰ and Not Ⅰ in pET22b ( + ) . The recombinant plasmid was expressed in E. coli BI21. After nickel ion metal affinity chromatography, the antigenic and immune reactivity of rTp0136B was confirmed. Then indirect ELISA with the rTp0136B as coating antigen was performed to detect the anti-Tp0136 antibody in sera from 100 normal human controls and 131 primary syphilis patients. Results The rTp0136B was soluble expressed with a molecular weight of about 28 000 and was obtained with a purity of ＞98% by chromatography. Western blot proved that the rTp0136B could specifically react with anti-Tp0136 polyclonal antibody. Specific humoral response was elicited by the recombinant protein in Japan negative. The positive detection rate in sera from primary syphilis patients was 85.5%. Conclusion This result suggested that the recombinant Tp0136 epitope fragments have a satisfactory immunocompetence,which may have applications in the serodiagnosis of primary syphilis.

Female ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; therapy

Objective To investigate the correlation between deep vein thrombosis(DVT) and clinical laboratory tests in the regulation of hemostasis. Methods Endothelin-1 (ET-1), thrombomodulin (TM), P-selectin, prothrombin fragment _ 1+2 (F_ 1+2 ), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), thrombus precursor protein (TpP) and D-Dimer (D-D) were measured in DVT patients (n=72) and normal individuals (n=20) with ELISA method. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV) and accuracy were evaluated for each of the items, and the area of the underlying receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC ROC ) was used to appraise diagnostic efficiency. Results Except ET-1, there were significant differences between the DVT group and normal control group in the other items. The AUC ROC of P-selectin, F_ 1+2 , TpP and D-D was bigger than that of ET-1, TM and TAT (P0.05). The TpP had the highest sensitivity, NPV and accuracy, and the D-D had the highest specificity and PPV. Conclusion The increase of D-D and TpP could reflect the occurrence of continuous coagulation and fibrolysis respectively. Thus the combination of measuring TpP and D-D could provide better laboratory evidence for the diagnosis of patients with DVT.

Objective To investigate the effect of obesity on physical stamina of college students.Methods The physical stamina and obese status of 7353 college students were measured. The relationship between obese degrees and the scores of step trial, vital capacity, grip, standing long jump was analyzed.Results The male's and female's vital capacity score was obesity students > pre-obesity students > normal students > thin students ( P<0.01). The male's step trail score was the normal body weight students and pre-obesity students > obese students ( P<0.05). The male and female's standing long jump score was normal students > pre-obesity students > obesity students ( P<0.05). The male and female's grip score was obesity students > pre-obesity students > normal students > thin students ( P< 0.05 ).Conclusion The lung function and the arm power of college students are increasing with the rise of obese degrees. The heart function and breakout force are decreasing with the rise of obese degrees.

ObjectiveTo assess the effects of constraint-induced movement therapy(CIMT) on sub-acute stroke patients with upper extremity motor dysfunction.Methods63 patients with hemiplegia after stroke were divided into two groups: control group(31 cases) and CIMT group(32 casese). The two groups received the regular rehabilitation training for 14 d. Then the control group went on the the regular rehabilitation training, while the CIMT group received CIMT for 14 d. All patients were assessed by the Action Research Arm Test(ARAT) and Fugl-Meyer(FMA) on the first day, the 15th day and the 30th day after the treatment.ResultsARAT score and FMA scores were higher in CIMT group than in the control group 30 d after the treatment and in CIMT group 15 days after the treatment(P<0.001).ConclusionCIMT is more effective to improve the upper limb motor function of the sub-acute stroke patients than the regular rehabilitation training.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of the coil-and-glue method for the reduction of lung volume in rabbit emphysema model.Methods Sixteen rabbits of emphysema model were divided into the occlusion group(n=10),in which both anterior bronchi were occluded using the coil-and- glue method,and the control group(n=6).The maximal static pressure of airway(P_(max)),peak expiratory flow(PEF),end-expiratory volume(EEV)and pressure of oxygen(PO_2)were measured at ante- emphysema,post-emphysema,1 week and 4 week after occlusion respectively.The expectoration(or migration)of coil and collapse of lung were also investigated.Results P_(max)was(20.0?1.3)and(17.1? 1.4)cm H_2O(1 cm H_2O=0.098 kPa)in the occlusion group at ante-emphysema and post-emphysema respectively.P_(max)was(19.2?1.4)cm H_2O in the occlusion group in the 1 week after the occlusion,while (17.1?1.5)cm H_2O in the control group(F=6.68,P

Objective To explore the expression and regulatory mechanism of hypoxia inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?)during fracture healing. Methods Mouse models of tibia fracture healing were established,and callus samples were collected 1,3,7,14,21 and 28 days after fracture.The development of callus and new bone formation were evaluated with roentgenology,Micro-CT and tetracycline double labeling method,and the expression of HIF-1?,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),Runx2 and ALP in callus were detected with RT-PCR,Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.The relationship between HIF-1? and fracture healing was analysed. Results The expression of HIF-1? was detected in cells in the fracture sites as well as in evolved osteoblasts,chondrocytes and osteocytes in early callus under hypoxia.The highest expression rate of HIF-1? achieved on the 7th day after fracture,lasted for about 7 days,then decreased gradually,and returned to intact level on the 28th day after fracture.The expression tendency of VEGF resembled that of HIF-1?.Bone formation activity was more active in early callus,and the callus volume peaked on the 14th day after fracture and decreased gradually.The mineralization of callus mainly took place in the late healing period(14th to 28th day after fracture).Conclusion Cells involved in fracture healing are hypoxia-responsive cells,which express HIF-1?.HIF-1? can regulate cell state and function,and can promote angiogenesis so as to play a crucial role in fracture healing.

Objective To assess the clinical factors impacting on the effective time of endocrine therapy for patients with prostate cancer.Methods The chnical data of 432 patients with prostate cancer who accepted endocrine therapy were analyzed retrospectively.The endpoint of the study was failure of endocrine therapy which was defined as continuous elevation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) from nadir for 2 times and more than 0.2 μg/L.The clinical data such as age,clinical stage,lymph node metastasis,bone metastasis,Gleason score,initial PSA,and PSA nadir were collected and their rehtionship with the effective time of endocrine therapy were further assessed via COX regression model.Results Age of onset was 57-88(73.70 ± 7.28) years.Initial PSA was 10.30-588.10(27.15 ± 75.90) μ g/L.The effective time of endocrine therapy was 3-62 (27.01 ± 13.10) months.Univariate regression analysis showed that initial PSA,clinical stage,Gleason score,PSA nadir,lymph node metastasis,bone metastasis were correlated with the effective time of endocrine therapy (P ＜ 0.01).Multivariate regression analysis showed that only Gleason score was correlated with the effective time of endocrine therapy(P=0.001).Compared with patients with Gleason score equal to or less than 3+4,patients with Gleason score equal to or more than 4+3 showed 2.49 fold increased risk of therapy failure (OR =2.49,95％ CI 1.44-4.30).Conclusion Gleason score has close relationship with the effective time of endocrine therapy for patients with prostate cancer,Gleason score equal to or more than 4+3 is an indicator for poor response to endocrine therapy.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy between continuous and intermittent androgen deprivation in high risk prostate cancer.Methods Sixty-four patients with high risk prostate cancer were treated from January 2008 to April 2009,36 cases who accepted goserelin and bicalutamide were taken as intermittent hormonal therapy (intermittent treatment group),while 28 cases who accepted bilateral orchiectomy in addition to flutamide were regarded as continuous hormonal therapy (continuous treatment group).The comparison of tumor specific mortality,time of prostate specific antigen (PSA) to nadir,tine to PSA recurrence,serum testerone and quality of life score were assessed between the two groups.Results In continuous treatment group and intermittent treatment group,follow-up period was (26.4 ± 10.3) and (28.1 ± 8.7) months,the time of PSA to nadir was (3.8 ± 2.1 ) and (4.0 ± 3.6) months,the time to PSA recurrence was (20.1 ± 12.3) and (24.5 ± 14.6) months,respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups.At the time of 18,24 and 30 months after therapy,serum testerone was 0.85,0.88,0.89 μg/L in continuous treatment group,while 1.21,1.36,1.48 μg/L in intermittent treatment group,respectively (P ＜ 0.05 ).Similarly,quality of life score was 38.7,40.5,39.8 scores in continuous treatment group,while 49.2,51.4,52.3 scores in intermittent treatment group at the time of 12,18 and 30 months after therapy,respectively (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Clinical efficacy could not been found between continuous and intermittent endocrinic therapy of prostate cancer.During intermittent,quality of life seems to be better and increases in accordance with serum testerone recurrence at given time.