With the appearance and development of ultrasonic surgical installation, ultrasonic therapy enters on a new epoch. High-amplitude and high-power ultrasonic vibration produced during the operation, ultrasonic surgical installation can be used to decrease the amount of bleeding or stop bleeding according to the acoustic properties of different tissues. The part where pathological changes happen can be excised selectively by ultrasonic surgical installation. This article introduces the principle, structure, classification and clinical application of ultrasonic surgical installation in detail.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of widely used antibiotics for urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in recent 5 years.Methods A total of 2 809 cases of Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital infected patients who visited STD clinics of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from 2006 to 2010 were collected.All the patients had accomplished a course of treatment of azithromycin, minocycline, moxifloxacin or clarithromycin and followed up for 3 months (once every month).Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyzed the antibiotics effect changing trends overtime.Results From 2006 to 2010, the etiology clearance rates of azithromycin were 76.70% (79/103), 74.19% (92/124), 74.13% (106/143), 71.43% (100/140) and 70.77% (92/130), respectively;those of minocycline were 75.31% (61/81), 64.67% (97/150), 66.53% (159/239), 65.05% (188/289) and 63.03% (104/165), respectively;those of moxifloxacin were 88.82% (167/188), 86.23% (119/138), 82.96% (185/223), 81.19% (233/287) and 81.03% (158/37), respectively;those of clarithromycin were 82.93% (34/41), 80.49% (33/41), 79.25% (42/53), 78.18% (43/55) and 75.00% (18/24), respectively.Ochran-Armitage trend test showed that antimicrobial efficacy of moxifloxacin for urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection rates declined year by year (P<0.05), while those of azithromycin, clarithromycin and minocycline did not decline significantly (all P>0.05).Conclusions The etiology clearance rate of moxifloxacin is the highest but gradually declines by years, and that of azithromycin takes the second place, while the treatment efficacy of minocycline is lower but quite stable.The number of cases treated with clarithromycin is too small to draw a conclusion.

OBJECTIVETo investigate moisture content and hygroscopicity of spray dry powder of Gubi compound's water extract obtained at different spray drying conditions and laying a foundation for spray drying process of Chinese herbal compound preparation.

METHODIn the paper, on the basis of single-factor experiments, the author choose inlet temperature, liquid density, feed rate, air flow rate as investigated factors.

RESULTThe experimental absorption rate-time curve and scanning electron microscopy results showed that under different spray drying conditions the spray-dried powders have different morphology and different adsorption process.

CONCLUSIONAt different spray-dried conditions, the morphology and water content of the powder is different, these differences lead to differences in the adsorption process, at the appropriate inlet temperature and feed rate with a higher sample density and lower air flow rate, in the experimental system the optimum conditions is inlet temperature of 150 degrees C, feed density of 1.05 g x mL(-1), feed rate of 20 mL x min(-1) air flow rate of 30 m3 x h(-1).

Desiccation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Particle Size ; Powders ; chemistry ; Temperature ; Water ; analysis ; Wettability

OBJECTIVEThe efficacy of rate and rhythm control strategies for treating atrial fibrillation (AF) patients was analyzed in this meta-analysis.

METHODSEligible trials were searched in MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, the Clinical Trials, the Chinese VIP database up to May 31, 2010. Ten prospective randomized control trials with 7876 patients (rate control n = 3932, rhythm control n = 3944) were included for final analysis.

RESULTSAll cause mortality (5.3% vs. 5.0%; OR: 1.03; 95%CI: 0.84 - 1.26; I(2) < 25%) and incidence of worsening heart failure (3.81% vs. 3.61%; OR: 1.04; 95%CI: 0.80 - 1.36; I(2) < 50%) were similar between the two groups. Subgroup analysis showed that all cause mortality (3.6% vs.1.9%; OR: 1.89; 95%CI: 1.01 - 3.53; I(2) < 25%) and rate of worsening heart failure (2.3% vs. 0.3%; OR: 5.6; 95%CI: 1.44 - 21.69; I(2) < 25%) were significantly higher in rate control group than in rhythm control group in patients with age < 65 years. Thromboembolic events (1.49% vs. 1.46%; OR: 1.02, 95%CI: 0.71 - 1.48) and bleeding events (1.78% vs. 1.73%; OR: 1.02, 95%CI: 0.70 - 1.49) were similar between rhythm control and rate control groups while rehospitalization rate was significantly lower in rate control group than in rhythm control group (17.56% vs. 22.98%; OR: 0.37, 95%CI: 0.19 - 0.71).

CONCLUSIONThis meta-analysis shows that rhythm control strategy is superior to rate control strategy for AF patients with age < 65 years in terms of reducing all cause mortality and incidence of worsening heart failure.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; prevention & control ; Atrial Fibrillation ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical characteristics, therapeutic regimen and outcome of severe Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) in children.

METHODSClinical data of 79 children with MP, including 69 mild and 10 severe cases, were retrospectively analyzed. The 10 children with severe MP were followed-up.

RESULTSIn severe MP cases, the fever duration prior to hospitalization and the total fever duration were more prolonged, peripheral blood leucocytes counts, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased, and serum IgM and IgE levels increased as compared to mild MP cases. Of the 10 cases of severe MP, 4 manifested as pulmonary consolidation, 4 as pulmonary consolidation complicated by moderate to large pleural effusion and 2 as progressively worsening pulmonary radiographic findings. Nine severe MP cases were administered with glucocorticoid as well as antibiotics, and the therapeutic effect was satisfactory. In the convalescence stage, bronchofiberoscope lavages were used in 5 severe cases because of persistent pulmonary consolidation.

CONCLUSIONSSevere MP was characterized by rapid progression, pulmonary consolidation, moderate to severe pleural effusion, obviously increased inflammatory indexes, and poor therapeutic reaction to simple macrolide antibiotics. Besides antibiotics, glucocorticoid should be used for severe MP cases as soon as possible. For severe cases with persistent pulmonary consolidation, bronchofiberoscope lavages are recommended.

Adolescent ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; blood ; Blood Sedimentation ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; blood ; drug therapy

Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; methods ; Female ; Femur ; surgery ; Humans ; Osteoarthritis ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; methods

OBJECTIVETo observe the expression of phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) in matrine (MAT) induced differentiation of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells, and to explore its correlation to cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) signal pathway.

METHODSNB4 (an APL cell line sensitive to ATRA) and NB4-R1 (a resistant strain of ATRA) were observed as subjects in this study. Effects of combined treatment of 0.1 mmol/L MAT and 1 [mol/L ATRA on the differentiation of two cell lines were detected using nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test and flow cytometry (CD11b). Expressions of PML/RARot and PLSCR1 protein/gene were detected using Western blot and Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay. Meanwhile, H89, PKA antagonist, was used to observe cell differentiation antigen and changes of aforesaid proteins and genes.

RESULTSMAT combined ATRA could significantly elevate positive rates of NBT and CD11 b in NB4-R1 cells, and significantly down-regulate the expression of PML/RARapha-fusion protein/gene (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). ATRA used alone could obviously enhance the expression of PLSCRI in NB4 cells at protein and mRNA levels (P < 0.01). But the expression of PLSCR1 was up-regulated in NB4-R1 cells, but with statistical.difference only at the protein level (P <0. 01). In combination of MAT, PLSCR1 protein expression was further elevated in the two cell lines (P < 0.01). Besides, there was statistical difference in mRNA expressions in NB4-R1 cells (P < 0.05). All these actions could be reversed by treatment of 10 micromol/L H89 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONMAT combined ATRA could significantly induce the differentiation of NB4-R1 cells, and inhibit the expression of PML/RARalpha fusion gene/protein, which might be associated with up-regulating PLSCR1 expression.

Alkaloids ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Down-Regulation ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; metabolism ; Phospholipid Transfer Proteins ; metabolism ; Quinolizines ; RNA, Messenger ; Signal Transduction ; Tretinoin ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVEThe aim of work was to evaluate the efficacy of microvascular decompression (MVD) in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) associated with hypertension.

METHODSFive hundred and thirty-eight cases of TN associated with hypertension treated with MVD were retrospectively analyzed, all the cases were treated with MVD in the zone of the ventrolateral medulla oblongata and inspected postoperative blood pressure.

RESULTSAmong 538 cases, 341 cases (63.4%) had cure result, 71 cases (13.2%) had obvious effectiveness, 53 cases (9.8%) had effectiveness, and 73 cases had no effectiveness. Four hundred and eighty-three cases have been followed 1.0 approximately 15.8 years, mean 6.3 years. At the time of their follow-up, 313 cases had cure result, 63 cases had obvious effectiveness, 42 cases had effectiveness and 65 cases had no effectiveness.

CONCLUSIONSIt was pathogenesis of nedulla oblongata by abnormal vascular tab, long-term aching stimulation and emotional stress. It was an effective method to treat TN associated with hypertension with MVD in this zone.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata ; pathology ; Microsurgery ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Trigeminal Neuralgia ; complications ; surgery ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; methods

Objective To explore the inhabitants' knowledge about Keshan disease(KD) in endemic area in Heilongjiang Province and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Yongjin Village, a national KD monitoring site in Fanrong Township of Fuyu County in Heilongjiang Province,was selected as an investigating spot. Specially designed questionnaire was applied in the investigation, which included three aspects, demographical information (gender, age, educational level, etc.), KD-related knowledge survey (KD prevention measures including a healthy diet supplementing selenium, preventing microbial infection, inducers such as climate change, fatigue, cold, mental shock, overeating) and KD controlling measures (take prescribed medicine, dietetic regulation and regular exercise, etc.) Results Seventy-senven point six percent(272/352) knew the disease by the name in the endemic area, while only 29.7% (81/272)and 30.8% (84/272)were aware the preventive measures and inducers , respectively. The awareness rates of KD preventive measures and inducers among the KD patients were 6/17 and 9/17 respectively. The influencing factors of the awareness rate of KD name were gender, vocation and the state of education (χ2 value were 9.838,9.878,12.462, all P < 0.05). However, factors influencing the awareness rates of preventive measures were gender and the state of education(χ2 value were 7.400,20.251, both P < 0.05). Conclusions The awareness rates of KD preventive measures and inducers axe low in the endemic area. The major factors influencing the awareness rate of KD are gender and the educational degree.

Without serum to provide adherent factors, CHO-dhfr- cells grow in suspension when cultured in serum-free medium. Although this offers advantages in some applications, in most production systems adherent cell growth is preferable. Gene transfection, clonal selection and amplification can be easier for adherent cells; the density of immobilized cells is often higher than those in suspension culture, which results in a higher protein productivity; washout of cells by perfused medium during continuous fermentation can be avoided; for high-throughput microplate assays, adherent cells are preferred to facilitate medium changes and cell washing. It has been proved that purified vitronectin alone was able to mediate attachment and spreading of CHO cells in serum-free medium. So we constructed a tricistronic expression vector expressing Igf-1, Vitronectin and Bel-2 at the same time. The vector was transfected into CHO-dhfr- cells and one clone, namely CHO-IVB2, expressing high level of the three proteins was screened out by Western blot. The cell line showed similar apoptosis-resistant and serum-independent properties to CHO-IB, an engineered cell line constructed before. When cultured in IMEM protein-free medium without any components supplemented, CHO-IVB can grow adherently. The viable cell numbers and growth rate of CHO-IVB were much higher than CHO-IB, making CHO-IVB an apoptosis-resistant host for production of recombinant proteins which can grow adherently in protein-free medium.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; CHO Cells ; physiology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Culture Media, Serum-Free ; Flow Cytometry ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Vitronectin ; genetics