Objective To evaluate the effect of preoperative oral finasteride on patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) undergoing holmium lasterenucleation of prostate (HoLEP).Methods A total of 156 BPH patients from Department of Urology in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from Sep.2010 to Mar.2012 was analyzed retrospectively.79 patients receiving oral 5 mg/d finasteride before operation were selected as medication group,and the 77 patients without taking finasteride were selected as control group.The perioperative data,including operation time,amount of washing fluid during operation,preoperative and postoperative changes of hemoglobin level and postoperative bladder washing time were compared between two groups.Results Compared with control group,the changes of hemoglobin level after HoLEP,amount of washing fluid during operation,and postoperative bladder washing time with normal saline were significantly decreased in experimental group[(1.08±0.27) g/L vs.(1.55±0.32) g/L,(27.51±3.67) L vs.(36.89±6.47) L,(24.85±4.17) h vs.(35.87±5.10) h,all P＜0.05].Conclusions Oral finasteride before HoLEP can reduce perioperative bleeding and the volume of bladder irrigation with normal saline.

Objective To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors ( SMTs ) . Methods Clinicopathological data of 1 743 patients with 1 775 upper gastrointestinal SMTs in our department from January 2008 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The first finding was that in 702 esophagus cases,leiomyoma(92?59%,650/702) was the most common type of esophageal SMTs. Second, in 1 045 gastric cases, there were 405 lesions at gastric fundus, the most common type of SMTs were 249 ( 61?48%) GISTs and 144 ( 35?56%) leiomyoma. In 307 lesions located at body,the most common type of SMTs were 143( 46?58%) GISTs and 90( 29?32%) leiomyoma. In 191 lesions located at antrum, the most common type of SMTs were 83( 43?46%) heterotopia pancreas and 45(23?56%) hamartoma, followed by 28(14?66%) lipoma and 20(10?47%) GISTs. In 142 lesions located at cardia, the most common type of SMTs was 110 ( 77?46%) leiomyoma. Third, in 28 duodenum cases, there were 19 lesions at duodenal bulb, the most common type of SMTs was 10 heterotopia pancreas, 4 Brunner gland adenoma and 3 GISTs. In 9 lesions located at descending duodenum,the most common type of SMTs was 4 lipomyoma, followed by 2 ectopic pancreas,1 GISTs and 2 others. Conclusion Leiomyoma is the most common type of esophageal SMTs. In gastric fundus and body, the most common type of SMTs are GISTs and leiomyoma. In antrum, the most common type of SMTs are heterotopia pancreas and hamartoma, but in cardia, that is leiomyoma.In duodenal bulb, the most common type of SMTs are heterotopia pancreas, Brunner gland adenoma and GISTs,and in descending duodenum, is lipomyoma.

A sandwich format immunochromatographic assay for detecting foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes was developed. In this rapid test, affinity purified polyclonal antibodies from Guinea pigs which were immunized with sucking-mouse adapted FMD virus (A/AV88(L) strain) were conjugated to colloidal gold beads and used as the capture antibody, and affinity purified polyclonal antibodies from rabbits which were immunized with cell-culture adapted FMD virus (A/CHA/09 strain) were used as detector antibody. On the nitrocellulose membrane of the immunochromatographic strip, the capture antibody was laid on a sample pad, the detector antibody was printed at the test line(T) and goat anti-guinea pigs IgG antibodies were immobilized to the control line(C). The lower detection limit of the test for a FMDV 146S antigen is 11.7ng/ml as determined in serial tests after the strip device was assembled and the assay condition optimization. No cross reactions were found with FMDV serotype C, Swine vesicular disease (SVD), Vesicular stomatiti svirus (VSV) and vesicular exanthema of swine virus (VES) viral antigens with this rapid test. Clinically, the diagnostic sensitivity of this test for FMDV serotypes A was 88.7% which is as same as an indirect-sandwich ELISA. The specificity of this strip test was 98.2% and is comparable to the 98.7% obtained with indirect-sandwich ELISA. This rapid strip test is simple, easy and fast for clinical testing on field sites;no special instruments and skills are required, and the result can be obtained within 15 min. To our knowledge, this is the first rapid immunochromatogarpic assay for serotype A of FMDV.

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human osteoprotegerin(rhOPG) on RANKL ,OPG protein expression in alveolar bone tissue of rats with periodontitis to provide the experimental evidence for the application of rhOPG in pe‐riodontitis treatment .Methods Totally 22 Wistar rats were enrolled .The random number table was adopted to select two healthy rats as the healthy group .The rest 20 rats were selected as the experimental group for establishing the rat models of periodontitis , and then subdivided into the experimental control group (n=10) and rhOPG group (n=10) .Rats in the rhOPG group were locally injected by rhOPG 10 mg/kg at periodontal pocket gap of maxillary second molar ,while those in the experimental control group were injected by sterile water for injection at the same site and some volume .The streptavidin‐perosidase(SP) method was em‐ployed to detect the expression of RANKL ,OPG protein in alveolar bone tissue .Results Compared with the healthy group ,the ex‐pression levels of OPG in alveolar bone tissue of rats in the experimental group were lower with statistically significant difference (P<0 .05) ,while the difference of RANKL expression levels between the two groups showed no statistical significance(P>0 .05) . Compared with the experimental control group ,the expression level of OPG protein in alveolar bone tissue of rats in the rhOPG group was significantly up‐regulated ,while that of RANKL protein was significantly down‐regulated(P<0 .05) .The OPG expres‐sion level after treatment in the rhOPG group was markedly enhanced ,while the RANKL expression level was reduced compared with before treatment ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion rhOPG may regulates the expression of RANKL and OPG in alveolar bone tissue of rats with periodontitis .

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a modified method of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP)--6-o'clock tunnel HoLEP for the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSWe included 112 cases of BPH in this study, 57 treated by 6-o'clock tunnel HoLEP (experimental group) and the other 55 by conventional HoLEP (control group). We compared the operation time, volume of the resected prostatic tissue, intraoperative blood transfusion, volume of bladder irrigation solution, postoperative hemoglobin change, and incidence of urinary incontinence between the two groups.

RESULTSStatistically significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the operation time ([56.01 ± 8.62] min vs [68.65 ± 9.08] min), cases of intraoperative blood transfusion (0 vs 2), volume of bladder irrigation solution ([27.51 ± 3.67] L vs [36.89 ± 6.47] L), postoperative hemoglobin decrease ([10.70 ± 2.50] g/L vs [12.60 ± 3.30] g/L), and cases of postoperative stress-induced urinary incontinence (2 vs 7) (all P <0.05). One-month follow-up revealed smooth urination in both groups of patients but no true urinary incontinence or secondary bleeding in either.

CONCLUSIONModified 6-o'clock tunnel HoLEP can significantly reduce the operation time, bladder irrigation, and intraoperative bleeding, and therefore can be used as a safe and effective option for the treatment of BPH.

Case-Control Studies ; Hemorrhage ; prevention & control ; Holmium ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Lasers, Solid-State ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Period ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; statistics & numerical data ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo observe the levels of high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-6, troponin I (Tn I) release in septic rats, and to explore themechanism of Taohong Qinlian Decoction (TQD) in the treatment of septic myocardial injury.

METHODSA total of 48 healthy male Wistar rats of clean grade were randomly divided into the sham-operation group (Sham), the sepsis model group (CLP), and the TQD treatment group (ZY), 16 in each group. Concen-trations of TNF-α, IL-6, Tn I, and HMGB1 expression were detected in each group at 24 and 48 h after operation. Pathological changes of cardiac muscle were observed under light microscope.

RESULTSConcentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, Tn I and HMGB1 at 24 and 48 h after operation were significantly higher in the CLP group than in the Sham group (P < 0.01). Concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, Tn I, and HMGB1 at 24 and 48 h after operation were significantly lower in the ZY group than in the CLP group (P < 0.05). Myocardial injury occurred in the CLP and the ZY group under light microscope. And this injury was more severe in the CLP group than in the ZY group.

CONCLUSIONTQL could reduce the level of sepsis-related inflammatory cytokines and protect myocardium in septic rats.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; HMGB1 Protein ; metabolism ; Heart ; drug effects ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sepsis ; pathology ; Troponin I ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

BACKGROUND: Insufficiency of donor heart and ethics are the major obstacles to heart transplantation. Theoretically, a tissue-engineered heart is an important means to solve the donor heart insufficiency. OBJECTIVE: To review the scaffold materials, seed cells and cell incubation methods in the construction of tissue-engineered heart, thus providing references for the future study on the tissue-engineered heart.METHODS: A retrieval of PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed for the articles addressing the construction of tissue-engineered heart from 2004 to 2016. Totally 2 921 articles were searched, and finally 53 eligible articles were included in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In vitro organ culture and the function of tissue-engineered heart are the difficulties in the construction of tissue-engineered heart.In vitro construction of tissue-engineered heart requires the supply of nutrients,gases,temperature and corresponding electrical stimulation. Myocardial cells, scaffold materials and organ culture system are indispensable for the tissue-engineered heart construction. Therefore, it is highly important to optimize the decellular process, select an ideal seed cell and improve its adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, improve the electrophysiological properties of the tissue-engineered heart by gene regulation, and confirm the long-term safety of the tissue-engineered heart.

Aim The expression of NF-?B activation and the effect of antioxidant (N- acetylcysteine, NAC) on NF-?B activity in human airway epithelial cell was assessed. Methods Using the TNF-?,the airway epithelial cell strains of normal subject(16HBE) and tumor patient (H292) was activated and using Western-Blot and ELISA the expression of NF-?B and IL-8 were detected. Results It was found that the activity of NF-?B could be stimulated by the TNF-? and increase with the amount of TNF-? with the peak occurring at 2 to 4 hours after stimulation and then decreasing at six hours. At the same time, the level of IL-8 was elevated, but decreased with inhibition of NF-?B activity by NAC, that means the action of NAC has a dose-dependent effect. Conclusion NAC not only blocks the signal transmission activated by NF-?B, but also anticipates the transcription modulation of expression of many cell factors and inflammatory mediums. It suggests that NAC may play a role in the anti-inflammatory treatment of respiratory diseases.

The study aims to identify the role of cAMP-PKA pathway in the group Ⅱ metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs)-mediated regulation of respiratory rhythm from the brainstem slice. Neonatal (aged 0-3 d) Sprague-Dawley rats of either sex were used. The brainstem slice containing the medial region of the nucleus retrofacialis (mNRF) and the hypoglossal nerve rootlets was prepared, and the surgical procedure was performed in the modified Kreb's solution (MKS) with continuous carbogen (95% O2 and 5% CO2) bubbling, and ended in 3 min. Respiratory rhythmical discharge activity (RRDA) of the hypoglossal nerve rootlets was recorded by suction electrode. Eighteen brainstem slice preparations were divided into 3 groups. In group 1, group Ⅱ mGluRs specific antagonist (2S)-α-ethylglutamic acid (EGLU) was added into the perfusion solution for 10 min. In group 2, after application of Forskolin for 10 min, washout with MKS, the slice was perfused with Rp-cyclic 3', 5'-hydrogen phosphorothioate adenosine triethylammonium salt (Rp-cAMPS) alone for another 10 min. In group 3, after application of Rp-cAMPS for 10 min, additional EGLU was added into the perfusion for another 10 min. The results showed EGLU shortened respiratory cycle (RC), but the changes of integral amplitude (IA) and inspiratory time (TI) were not statistically significant. Forskolin induced significant decreases in RC, and increased TI, IA. Rp-cAMPS could make the opposite effect compared with the changes of RRDA with Forskolin. The effect of EGLU on the RRDA was inhibited after blocking the cAMP-PKA pathway. Taken together, cAMP-PKA pathway may play an important role in the group Ⅱ mGluRs-mediated regulation of RRDA in the brainstem slice of neonatal rats.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain Stem ; physiology ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate ; physiology ; Respiration ; Signal Transduction ; physiology

Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don is a plant of the Catharanthus genus of Apocynaceae which has been reported to have therapeutic effects of detoxication and anticancer. In order to further study the alkaloid constituents of C. roseus, the aerial parts of the plant were extracted with 95% EtOH, and then treated with 2% H2SO4 and NH3H2O to obtain total alkaloids. The total alkaloids were separated and purified by column chromatography over silica gel and prepared by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data. A new alkaloid together with five known compounds were isolated and identified as vindolinine B (1), lochnericine (2), horhammericine (3), vindorosine (4), vindoline (5), and coronaridine (6). Compound 1 is a new compound and named as vindolinine B.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Catharanthus ; chemistry ; Ibogaine ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Indole Alkaloids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Components, Aerial ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Vinblastine ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification