The high production inulase strain was screened from the soil sample where burdock planted in Qin Village,Bayou Town,Pei County,Xuzhou.Inulase activity were determined which produced by 40 strains separated from soil.Three mold stains,C122803、D081506 and D081513,which had higher ability of producing inulase were obtained by using transparent circle method as initial screening and rocker method as re-screening.Enzyme activity of the three strains were 1.411U/ml,1.895U/ml,1.792U/ml,separately.Enzyme activity of D081506,1.895U/ml,was the highest.The fermentation conditions of D081506 were studied and the optimized conditions were lappa juice 2.0%,yeast extraction 1.6%,(NH4)2SO4 0.5%,NaCl 0.5%,K2HPO4 0.5% and pH 5.0.Inulase activity of D081506 was 2.9578U/ml which increased 56.09% under the condition of 27℃,140r/min,24h.

Gastrointestinal Transit ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Postoperative Period

Objective To study the effect of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ1-42) on expressions of synaptophysin (Syn), dynamin Ⅰ (Dyn Ⅰ) and adaptor protein 180 (AP180) in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Methods Human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were treated with 0.01, 0.1, 1, 2 and 5 μmol/L Aβ1-42, and control cells were given no treatment. MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2- yl) - 2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]reduction of the cells was measured by spectrophotometry. The protein levels of Syn, Dyn Ⅰ and AP180 in SH-SY5Y cells treated with 0.5 and 1 μmol/L Aβ1-42 were surveyed by Western blotting. The mRNA levels of Syn, Dyn Ⅰ and AP180 were detected by Real-time PCR in SH-SY5Y cells treated with 1 μmol/L Aβ1-42. Results SH-SY5Y cells showed obviously decreased reduction rates of MTT after exposure to Aβ1-42(0.1 μmol/L) as compared with the controls (P＜0.05), and dose-dependent negative correlation was noted in these SH-SY5Y cells. The protein level of Dyn Ⅰ in cells treated with 0.5 μmol/L Aβ1-42 was significantly decreased as compared with that in controls (P＜0.05). The protein and mRNA levels of Syn and Dyn Ⅰ in cells treated with 1 μ mol/L Aβ1-42 Were obviously decreased as compared with those in controls (P＜0.05), but the levels of AP180 were not changed. Conclusion Aβ1-42 reduces the levels of Syn and Dyn Ⅰ in SH-SY5Y cells, which might be a mechanism in eonnection with cognitive deficit of AD.

A number of clinical practices and studies indicated that areca nuts showed such effects as anthelmintic, food retention removal, qi activation and diuresis, and elimination of wetness and jaundice. Arecoline is the most important pharmacological active ingredient for healthcare from areca plants with a wide influence on human functions. In recent years, a lot of studies have been made on areca nuts and arecoline's pharmacology, physiology and immunity. The article summarizes areca nuts and their active substances.
Areca ; chemistry ; Humans ; Nuts ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical results of treating Neer two- and three-part of proximal humeral fractures between anterolateral acromial approach and deltopectoral approach.

METHODSFrom January 2009 to December 2012, 49 patients with Neer two- and three-part of proximal humeral fractures were treated with locked plate fixation. In anterolateral acromial approach group, there were 22 patients including 9 males and 13 females with an average of (63.2±7.6) years old, while 27 patients in deltopectoral approach including 12 males and 15 females with an average of (62.9±7.0) years old. Operative time, blood loss during operation, fracture healing time and complications were observed and compared, postoperative Constant-Murley scoring and VAS scoring were applied for evaluate function of shoulder joint and pain at 3 months, 1 and 2 years respectively.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 24 to 41 months with an average of 34.5 months. Operative time, blood loss, fracture healing time in anterolateral acromial approach group was (68.20±7.04) min, (151.30±20.57) ml, (10.88±4.90) weeks respectively, and better than that of in deltopectoral approach group which was (75.81±13.70) min, (242.10±37.25) ml and (13.60±2.45) weeks. Three months after operation, Constant-Murley scoring and VAS score in anterolateral acromial approach group was 88.32±5.45, 0.41±0.63 and better that of in deltopectoral approach group which was 63.53±8.31, 1.65±1.02. There was no significant differences between two groups in Constant-Murley scoring and VAS score at 1 and 2 years after operation. Each group has one case occurred loss of length humerus head height, and there was 1 case with subacromial impingement, 1 case with bolt loose and 2 cases with delayed union in deltopectoral approach. No axillary nerve injury, humeral head necrosis and breakage of internal fixation occurred both of two groups.

CONCLUSIONBoth of anterolateral acromial approach and deltopectoral approach are effective in treating Neer two- and three-part of proximal humeral fractures, and can obtain excellent outcomes. Moreover, anterolateral acromial approach has advantage of less trauma, less blood loss, shorter operative time, rapid recovery of shoulder joint function and fracture.

Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Shoulder Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Qianlie Huichun capsule on the microstructure and ultranstructure of prostate glandular tissue in the model rat.

METHODHynertophy of prostate model rat was established by injecting testosterone to gelding male rats. After having been fed with Qianlie Huichun capsule for 30 days, the rats were killed and prostate tissues were resected for pathomorphological studies with microscope and electromicroscope, and the diameter of glandular lumer and the height of glandular epithelial cells were measured under the microspcope for different groups of rats.

RESULTIn the model groups, the glandular epithelial cells mutiplycated notably, showing stratified and pseudostratified cells that made the glandular lumer cramped. Under the electromicroscope, the glandular epithelial cells became high columnor and the rough endoreticulum extremely expanded. But in treatment groups, the change of the diameter of the glandular lumer and the height of the glandular epithelial cells were less remarkable than those in model groups. So the differerence between the model group and the treatment groups was remarkable (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONQianlie Huichun capsule can depress the glandular epithelialceu multiplication of prostate gland in model rats.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Epithelial Cells ; pathology ; Male ; Materia Medica ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Prostate ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo explore the incidence regularity in populations with different fluctuation modes of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody levels.

METHODSBased on the data of a NPC mass screening for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in Jianggu town and Didou town of Sihui city, Guangdong province from 1992 to 1998, 586 subjects who were positive and retested for twice or above were divided into ascending group (114 subjects), stable or fluctuating group (313 subjects), and descending group (159 subjects) according to the fluctuation of immunoglobulin A antibody against EBV capsid antigen (VCA-IgA) level; 9889 subjects who were negative in the first test of VCA-IgA were set as control group. All the participants were followed-up till December 31, 2007. The incidence, onset time and clinical characteristics of NPC were compared among groups.

RESULTSThe 5-year cumulative detection rates of ascending, stable or fluctuating, and descending group were 3.51% (4/114), 0.64% (2/313) and 0.00% (0/159), respectively; the 5-year cumulative detection proportions were 4/4, 2/6 and 0/2, respectively. Comparing to the control group, the hazard ratio (HR) for the incidence of NPC in ascending group was highest (HR = 10.96, 95%CI: 3.91 - 30.74), followed by stable or fluctuating group (HR = 5.79, 95%CI: 2.45 - 13.69), and descending group (HR = 3.84, 95%CI: 0.92 - 16.01) which had the lowest HR.

CONCLUSIONIndividuals with stable, fluctuating or ascending VCA-IgA level showed higher risk and earlier onset of NPC was found in ascending group.

Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Antigens, Viral ; immunology ; Capsid Proteins ; immunology ; Carcinoma ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; epidemiology

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are characterized by their potent immuno-regulatory activity, however our previous data have shown that MSC have no therapeutic effects on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). To further clarify the complexity, the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on the in vitro and in vivo immunoregulatory activity of MSC were investigated in this study, as TNF-α is recognized as the key factor in the development of rheumatoid arthritis. The nuclear translocation of the inflammation-associated factor NF-κB was observed after human umbilical cord MSC were treated with TNF-α and the cell proliferation status was assessed by MTT test. The inhibitory effects of MSC or TNF-α-treated MSC on the mixed lymphocyte reaction, in which Wistar rat spleen mononuclear cells were served as the responders and the splenocytes from SD rat spleens as the stimulators, were also determined by the MTT test. Further, the therapeutic potentials of MSC or TNF-α-treated MSC were observed in a Wistar rat CIA model. The results showed that NF-κB translocated into the nuclei promptly after TNF-α treatment, though TNF-α had little effect on the MSC proliferation. MSC, whether pre-stimulated by TNF-α or not and when different doses were tested, exhibited obviously inhibitory effects on the proliferation of the lymphocytes (P < 0.001 for all groups tested), while MSC-treated by TNF-α displayed more potent suppression especially when low-density were used. Unexpectedly, the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the involved knees was aggravated by cell treatment and the pathological scores were significantly higher than those of controls (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the TNF-α exhibits different effects on immune regulation activity of MSC, and its underlying mechanism needs to further investigate.
Animals ; Arthritis, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology

Objective To develop a rapid, highly sensitive quantitative method for detecting P24 antigen based on near-infrared fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography.Methods First, we prepared a lateral flow assay test strip, and labeled the detection antibody using a fluorescent microsphere. Second, we optimized the antibody labeling conditions. Third, we optimized the detection conditions. Fourth, we created a working curve. Fifth, we conducted a methodological assessment of the established fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography method. Sixty-six clinical samples were tested, and we compared the established fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography with the quantitative ELISA method. Results According to the working curve, the detection limit of the method is 3.4 pg/mL, and the detection range is 3.4 pg/mL to 10 ng/mL. The average intra-assay recovery was 99.6％, and the Coefficient of Variation (CV) was 5.4％–8.6％; the average inter-assay recovery was 97.3％, and the CV was 8.5％–11％. The detection rate of fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography was higher than ELISA method, and had a good correlation with ELISA. Conclusion The P24 antigen quantitative detection method based on near-infrared fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography has the advantages of rapid detection, high sensitivity, and wide detection range; thus, it is suitable for early clinical diagnosis and continuous monitoring of AIDS.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the SNP rs10774671 on OAS-1 gene and spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion in chronic HBV infection. Methods Blood samples were collected from 58 HBeAg positive, 68 anti-HBe positive patients with chronic HBV infection, and 72 normal control cases without HBV infection. Chromosomal DNA was extracted and OAS-1 gene was amplified. SNP genotyping was performed with the competitively differentiated polymerase chain reaction and enzyme immunoassay. Results In HBeAg positive group, frequencies of genotype GG plus GA and allele G were 31.0% and 16.4%. They were 48.5% and 29.4% in anti-HBe positive group, and 50.0% and 28.4% in normal control group respectively. Differences between HBeAg positive group and anti-HBe positive group or normal control group were statistically significant. But they weren't between anti-HBe positive group and normal control group. Conclusion Allele G on SNP rs10774671 of OAS-1 gene maybe benefits patients with chronic HBV infection to achieve spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion. Genotyping on this SNP may be predicting valuable for interferon therapy for chronic HBV infection.