ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical manifestati on and pathogen of hospital acquired low respiratory tract infection in elderly patients with diabetes.MethodsTo analyze retrospectively th e clinical data, the pathogens isolated from cultured sputum and the antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria in 85 elderly patients with diabetes.Results Bacilli in sputum were common in these patients(73 9%), including Pse udomonas aeruginosa (18 2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae(15 9%), Escherichia co li(14.8%), 14% complicated with 2 different bacilli, 6.8% with fungus. The bac illi sensitive rate to antibiotics was as high as 72.3% to Ceftazidime, 70.8% to Ofloxacin, 63 1% to Ceftriaxone, 61 5% to Cefoperazone or Cefoperazone, 60 .0% to Cefazolin, 53.8% to Piperacillin respectively. Cocci sensitive rate wa s 100% to Vancomycin. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia, severe basic diseases and dia betic complications were involved in the pathogenesis of hospital acquired low respiratory tract infection and the poor prognosis.Conclusion Hospital acquired low respiratory tract infection is common in elderly patient s with diabetes, and should be treated based on the antibiotic sensitivity of ba cteria and on metabolic control.

Objectives To synthesize human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)- and human tolemerase RNA (hTR)- small interfering RNA (siRNA) and investigate their effects on telomerase activity in the cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cell line Hut78. Methods Two types of hTERT- and hTR- siRNAs were synthesized with T7 RNA polymerase via in vitro transcription, then either mixed with Hut78 cell lysates directly or transfected into Hut78 cells by calcium phosphate co-precipitation. Telomerase activity was tested by telomeric repeat amplification and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results With T7 RNA polymerase, hTERT- and hTR- siRNAs were synthesized efficiently with a concentration of 22.4?g siRNA per 40?L siRNA reaction mix. Telomerase activity was suppressed significantly by either of the siRNAs. The inhibition rate was 87% in the cell lysate group treated with siRNA directly, and 75% in the cell group Iransfected with siRNA. Conclusions The in vitro transcription of siRNA with T7 RNA polymerase is technically simple, costeffective, and can produce siRNA in an efficient way. hTERT- and hTR-siRNA can down-regulate telomerase activity significantly in Hut78 cells.

Objective To study the repair function of united endothelial progenitor cells (EPC)transplantation on injured liver endothelium by bone marrow transplantation (BMT) conditioning.Methods C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups randomly: normal control group, without any treatment; irradiation alone group, administered a total body irradiation(TBI) pretreatment, without BMT; (3) BMT alone group: C57BL/6 mice were infused with bone marrow mononuclearcells (MNC) 5 × 106/only through caudal vein not more than 4 h after the same TBI pretreatment as the irradiation alone group; united transplantation group: receiving the same way as the BMT alone group, but C57BL/6 mice were infused with EPC 5 × 105/only at the same time. Two, 4, 7, 14, and 21 days after the TBI, the changes of the liver weight were observed regularly. The histopathological examination of liver was done at the 4th, 7th, 14th, and 21st day after the TBI. Results In irradiation alone group, BMT alone group and united transplantation group the liver weight began to increase significantly on the day 2 and peaked at 14th day after the TBI, and the peaks were respectively (1.65±0. 15) times (P＜0. 05), (1.61 ±0.06) times (P＜0.05), and (1.11 ±0.40)times (P＜0. 05) of those in normal control group. At the day 14, the liver weight in irradiation alone group, BMT alone group and united transplantation group began to decrease, and on the day 21 the liver weight in united transplantation group had been completely restored to normal level, however the liver weight in irradiation alone group and BMT alone group were still significantly heavier than that in normal control group (P＜0. 05). Liver histopathological examination revealed that there were obvious sinusoidal endothelial cells (SEC) injury, hepatocyte edema and severe inflammatory cell infiltration in irradiation alone group, and on the day 7 the hepatocyte edema and necrosis were significantly worse than before, and almost no alive SEC were found. On the day 14 the injury of SEC in BMT alone group was lighter than before, but on the day 21 the injury had not returned to normal. On the day 7 the injury of SEC, hepatocyte edema and necrosis were alleviated in united transplantation group as compared with irradiation alone group and BMT alone group, and on the day 14 the injury had returned to normal basically. Conclusion The transplantation conditioning could damage recipient liver endothelium and the injury would persist, and united EPC infusion could repair the injured SEC following BMT.

Fever and sweating are the most common clinical symptoms, which are important parts in the inquiry of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Just as Zhang Jingyue said, Firstly inquire for cold and heat and secondly in-quire for the sweating. It placed both symptoms as priorities in the collection of disease history. In the clinical prac-tice, febrile diseases refer to acute exogenous diseases infected by warm evil with the main symptom of fever. And fever is almost throughout the entire process of febrile diseases. It is also known as Han-Bing for the visible varia-tion of sweating in its entire disease process. It is important to identify the abnormality of sweating for the determina-tion of the severity febrile diseases and the level of body fluid shortage. Therefore, two main symptoms for the diag-nosis of febrile diseases are particularly prominent and important. The reasons of sweating and fever in febrile dis-eases have been explored so much but the relationship between them is less which is extremely essential to learn more about febrile diseases. So we are expected to explore this topic to make better use of theories of febrile dis-eases.

Objective To (e)xplore inhibition of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) against hepatic vein thrombosis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT).Methods Balb/c mice were randomly divided into three groups: (1) BMT group [Balb/c mice were injected intravenously with 5 × 106 bone marrow cells after total body irradiation (TBI)]; (2) EPCs co-transfusion with bone marrow cells group: 5 × 105 EPCs were infused into recipient mice simultaneously; (3) Normal control group.Liver index was detected on the day 0,5,10,15 and 20 after transplantation.Hepatic vein thrombosis,hepatic cells and vascular endothelial damage were observed under the light microscopy after H&E staining.The injury of liver cells,liver veins,hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs)and platelet adhesion conditions were observed under a transmission electron microscope (TEM).The proportion of activated platelets and TNF-α concentration in peripheral blood were detected by using flow cytometry.Results On the day 0,5,10,15 and 20 after transplantation,the proportion of activated platelets,liver index and TNF-α concentrations in BMT group and EPCs co-transfusion group showed an upward trend,peaked on the 15th day,and then decreased.However,they were still significantly higher than those in normal control group (P＜0.05).The above parameters in EPCs co-transfusion group at each time point were significantly lower than those in BMT group (P＜0.05).As compared with BMT group,platelet adhesion decreased,hepatic vein thromboses were reduced,hepatocyte swelling and necrosis were alleviated,and liver damage repaired rapidly in EPCs co-transfusion group.Conclusion EPCs co-transfusion with bone marrow cells could inhibit the hepatic veins thrombosis and ameliorate liver damage significantly.

Objective To investigate the effect of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AODN) on telomerase activity and cell apoptosis in a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cell line, Hut78. Methods Different concentrations (10 ?mol/L, 20 ?mol/L, 30 ?mol/L) of telomerase antisense oligodeoxynucleotide were introduced into Hut78 cells by lipofectamine-mediated DNA transfection technique. The expressions of hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and telomeric repeat amplification protocol, respectively. The proliferation and apoptosis of Hut78 cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results After 72 h of incubation, AODN down-regulated the expression of hTERT mRNA, inhibited telomerase activity significantly,and suppressed the viability of Hut78 cells in a time-dependent manner.Cell growth was most clearly suppressed with 30 ?mol/L of AODN after 72 h of incubation. The apoptotic rate was 13.05%. Conclusion Telomerase antisense oligodeoxynucleotide could suppress the viability and proliferation of CTCL cell line by inducing apoptosis of these cells.

Aim To study the protective effects of limb remote ischemic postconditioning ( LRIP ) on is-chemic stroke rats under hyperglycemia and explore the mechanisms. Methods Rats were given 50% glucose (6 mL·kg-1 ) by intraperitoneal injection to get acute hyperglycemia model. Then middle cerebral artery oc-clusion ( MCAO) models were created. After blocking middle artery for 1. 5 h and reperfusion for 2 h, behav-ioral testing, infarct size of brain, NO concentration and SOD activity in the serum of those rats were detec- ted. Results LRIP could improve behavioral score, decrease the area of cerebral infarction, increase the concentration of NO and the SOD activity in serum of MCAO rats. Conclusion LRIP can relieve cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury of MCAO rats under acute hyperglycemia.

AIM: To explore the effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an NF-κB inhibitor, on the proliferation and apoptosis of human multiple myeloma U266 cells and its mechanisms.METHODS: The U266 cells were treated with PDTC at different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μmol/L) in vitro.The growth inhibitory rate of the U266 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay and cell counting.The cell cycle of the U266 cells was determined by flow cyto-metry, and the apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining.The effect of PDTC on the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) at mRNA and protein levels was measured by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively.The effects of PDTC on the protein levels of NF-κB (P65), DNMT1, Bcl-2, cyclin D1, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-8 were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: The protein level of NF-κB (P65) was decreased after treatment with PDTC for 48 h or 72 h.PDTC inhibited the proliferation of U266 cells in both dose-and time-dependent manners.After treatment with PDTC for 48 h, the percentage of U266 cells in G2 phase increased compared with control group (P<0.05).PDTC induced the apoptosis of U266 cells in a dose-dependent manner.The expression of DNMT1 at mRNA and protein levels decreased (P<0.05).The results of Western blot showed that the expression of Bcl-2 in PDTC groups decreased, while the protein levels of cyclin D1, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-8 were higher than those in control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The NF-κB inhibitor PDTC inhibits the proliferation of U266 cells by inducing cell apoptosis.It may be related to the down-regulated expression of DNMT1, cell cycle arrest and activation of the apoptotic pathways.

Objective:To investigate the value of histogram analysis of ultrasound gray scale in differential diagnosis of triple negative breast invasive ductal carcinoma (TN-IDC) and non-triple-negative breast invasive ductal carcinoma (NTN-IDC).Methods:Totally 195 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma confirmed by pathology in Hubei Cancer Hospital from September 2017 to July 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.According to immunohistochemical results after surgery, 195 patients were divided into TN-IDC group ( n=44) and NTN-IDC group ( n=151). All cases were retrospectively analyzed to observe the ultrasonoscopy histogram features of tumors and obtain the histogram parameters, including mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis and percentile gray-scale values. The histogram parameters of TN-IDC were compared with those of NTN-IDC. The ROC curves were constructed to observe the efficiency of differential diagnosis. Results:The values of variance, 90th and 99th percentiles in TN-IDC group were much lower than those in NTN-IDC group (all P<0.05). The values of mean, skewness, kurtosis and other percentile (1st, 10th, and 50th) values between the two groups were not significantly different(all P>0.05). The optimal cutoff value for the accurate identification of TN-IDC and NTN-IDC groups was 552.85 for variance[sensitivity 75.0%, specificity 79.5%, positive predictive value(PPV) 51.6%, negative predictive value(NPV) 91.6%, accuracy 78.5%, and area under curve 0.829, respectively]. The optimal cutoff value for the accurate identification of TN-IDC and NTN-IDC groups was 74 for 90th percentile (sensitivity 68.2%, specificity 57.6%, PPV 31.9%, NPV 86.1%, accuracy 60.0%, and area under curve 0.648, respectively). The optimal cutoff value for the accurate identification of the two groups was 107 for 99th percentile (sensitivity 75.0%, specificity 77.5%, PPV 49.3%, NPV 91.4%, accuracy 76.9%, and area under curve 0.772, respectively). Conclusions:Histogram analysis of ultrasound gray scale can provide certain value for the differential diagnosis of TN-IDC and NTN-IDC, the variance and 99th percentile values could perform better.

Objective To explore a proper dose of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)administration that can achieve optimal hematopoietic improving effectiveness in a murine allogeneic hernatopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) model.Methods Female Balb/c mice were lethally irradiated with 60Co source,and then were injected intravenously with 5 106 bone marrow cells from C57BL/6 mice (bone marrow transplantation group).In co-transfer experiments,5 × 104,1 ×105,5 × 105 or 1 × 106 donor EPCs (EPCs treated groups) were injected simultaneously with bone marrow cells.The recipients were monitored for survival,peripheral white blood cells,hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and bone marrow histology.Results Compared with bone marrow transplantation group,all EPCs treated groups had accelerated recovery of peripheral white blood cells (P＜0.05),platelets (P＜0.05) and HSCs (P＜0.05).When infused with less than 5 × 105 EPCs,these effective hernatopoietic improving phenomena showed a positive correlation with the administrated doses of EPCs.However,when infused with 1 × 106 EPCs,the mice showed lower survival rate (P＜0.05)and slower recovery of peripheral white blood cells (P＜0.05),platelets (P＜0.05) and HSCs (P＜0.05) than 5 × 105 EPCs treated grpup.Bone marrow histopathology analysis confirmed the above findings.Conclusion Co-transfer with donor EPCs can improve survival rate and hematopoietic reconstitution of recipient mice in allo-HSCT,and 5 × 105 EPCs should be a proper dose to achieve the best effectiveness.