Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementi a.PET probes can specifically detect the in vivo amyloid β peptide(Aβ) and Tau protein in AD inpatients' brain.The application of PET probes in AD is important for its early diagnosis and early intervention.US FDA has approved three PET probes for Aβ imaging while probes for Tau are still under research and development.This review summarizes current development of Aβ and Tau PET probes used for AD.

Environmental Pollutants ; toxicity ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; metabolism

Aim To prepare for psoriasis transgenic animals, psoriasis susceptible gene was constructed. Methods Extract gDNA from blood preparations of psoriasis patients, screen positive gDNA owns HLA-Cw*0602 gene, then copy the whole sequence and link it to pMD-19T Simple Vector. Results The identification showed the construction of psoriasis susceptible gene was sucessful. Conclusion The successful construction of HLA-Cw*0602 gene will lay the foundation for development of transgenic animal models of psoriasis.

To obtain the key genes for chlorogenic acid biosynthesis of Lonicera hypoglauca, four new genes ware obtained from the our dataset of L. hypoglauca. And we also predicted the structure and function of LHPAL4, LHHCT1 , LHHCT2 and LHHCT3 proteins. The phylogenetic tree showed that LHPAL4 was closely related with LHPAL1, LHHCT1 was closely related with LHHCT3, LHHCT2 clustered into a single group. By Real-time PCR to detect the gene expressed level in different organs of L. hypoglauca, we found that the transcripted level of LHPAL4, LHHCT1 and LHHCT3 was the highest in defeat flowers, and the transcripted level of LHHCT2 was the highest in leaves. These result provided a basis to further analysis the mechanism of active ingredients in different organs, as well as the element for in vitro biosynthesis of active ingredients.
Chlorogenic Acid ; metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Computational Biology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Structure, Secondary

Objective To explore the CT features in CD_(117)-weak and CD_(117)-negative gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).Methods The CD_(117)-weak and CD_(117)-negative Gist proved by pathologically and sur- gically in 13 cases were retrospectively analyzed.Results The tumor was located in the stomach in 6 cases, small intestine in 4 cases,colorectum in 2 cases,greater omentum in one case.The most common clinical manifestations were abdominal pain or discomfort in 6 cases,hematemesis or melena in 3 cases.Malignant tu- mors occurred in 8 cases.Benign tumors occurred in 5 cases.A soft tissue was identified in all 13 cases in CT examination.The CT examinations revealed cystic regions and bleeding in 5 cases.Calcification was not noted within the masses in all cases.The mean diameter of benign tumors was 3.4 cm?2.8 cm while that of malig- nant tumor was 7.5 cm?6.2 cm.All the cases underwent operation,the resection rate was 100%.After follow up from 6 months to 4 years in 10 cases,1 case died of tumor recurrence and metastasis,the others survived. Conclusion CD_(117)-weak and CD_(117)-negative Gist occurred more common in the stomach.CT is useful in lo- cation and differentiation of CD_(117)-weak and CD_(117)-negative gastric stromal tumors with regard to benign or malignant.Surgery is the main method for final diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To analyze and investigate the correlation between the CYP2C19 gene polymorphism and clopidogrel cura-tive effect in the patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) to provide valuable reference information for the future clinical work. Methods A total of 128 cases of CHD undergoing PCI in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016 were selected as the re-search subjects.All of them were treated with clopidogrel ,the loading dose was 300mg ,and the maintenance dose was 75mg.The subjects were divided into the clopidogrel resistance group and response group.The drug-metabolizing CYP2C19 genotype was com-pared between the two groups and the effect of CYP2C19 genotype on the clopidogrel response was observed.Results Among the subjects ,27 cases were clopidogrel resistance.A total of 16 cases of CYP2C19 slow metabolic gene carriers were detected.There was statistically significant difference between the patients with chronic metabolic genotype VASP-PRI with fast metabolic geno-type and intermediate metabolic genotype(P<0.05).The incidence rate of adverse end point events had statistical difference be-tween the clopidogrel resistance group and clopidogrel response group(P<0.05).Conclusion In the risk factors of clopidogrel re-sistance ,slow metabolism CYP2C19 genotype and clopidogrel resistance will increase the risk of clinical adverse endpoint events oc-currence ,clinic should give adequate attention.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and the management of primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease PPNAD) and to evaluate its relationship with Carney complex. Methods One case of PPNAD reported. The patient was a 52 years oldmale. He was hospitalized because of hypertension for one year. The patient had a Cushing's face with elevated plasma and urine cortisone levels which could not be suppressed by both low dose and high dose dexamethasone tests. Ultrasonography howed normal bilateral adrenal glands. CT scan found a 1.6 cm × 2.0 cm mass in the left adrenal gland and normal on tralateral adrenal gland. Results The patient had accepted left laparoscopic adrenalectomy. The pathological examination onfirmed the diagnosis of PPNAD. Micro scopic study showed that there were black-gray spots in the center of the specimen. Hyperplasia was found in all the three adrenal zones. Lipofuscin was observed in the cytoplasm of reticular zone cells. The patient's blood pressure had returned to normal level after the surgery. Conclusions PPNAD is a rare type of ypercortisolism. As there is no specific feature in clinical manifestation and radiological examination of this disease, it is very easy to make a misdiagnosis in clinical practice. PPNAD itself can be the comorbidity of Carney complex, careful differentiation is needed.

Background Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is determined to have a neurotrophy effect and promoting effect to the growth of axon.GDNF has been applied in ophthalmology.Research showed that artemin,a new member of GDNF family,has a better function in protection of neuron,but seldom relevant document of distruibution of artemin in retina is found so far.Objective The aim of the present study is to investigate the distribution and expression of artemin in normal rat retinal neuron cells and retinal ganglion cells,and imitate diabetic environment to observe the expression of artemin at the condition of high glucose.Methods Retinal tissue was isolated from clean neonatal SD rats and cultured by expand culture method in DMEM/F12 containing 10% fetal bovine serum.40 mmol/L of glucose was added in medium in the seventh day after culture for 12 hours as experimental group.The expression and location of artemin in retina were tested by real-time PCR and cell immunofluorescence assay.Use of experimental animals followed the Management Regulation of experimental animals of Jiangsu Province.Results Cultured cells showed the typical cell body and processes in the seventh day.Cultured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) presented the red fluorescence for Thy1.1 antibody,and multiple fluorescence label revealed that RGCs exhibited the green fluorescence for artemin antibody and red fluorescence for Thy1.1 antibody,indicating artemin protein was positively expressed in cultured RGCs.The numbers of positive cells for Thy1.1 antibody was (442±9)/high field in normal culture group and (263±7) /high field in 40mmol/L glucose culture group,showing a significant difference between them (P＜0.05).The expression of artemin mRNA in normal culture group and in 40 mmol/L glucose culture group,was showing a considerably difference between them(P＜0.05).Conclusion Artemin can be expressed in cultured retinal neuron cells and RGCs in rats.High glucose environment down-regulate the expression of artemin.This study proved a new idea for protecting RGCs against damage.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the species distribution of the common inhaled allergens among the primary and middle school students in Beijing.METHODSA total of 1280 students who were randomly selected underwent 20 kinds of common allergen skin prick test. Skin prick test were positive in 495 students.RESULTS49.3% of the Beijing primary and secondary school students were positive for more than four kinds of allergens. The dust mites and fall pollen allergens were positive at the same time in 37.4% of the allergen positive students. The commonest three allergens were D. farina, D. pteronginus and Large seed fleabane pollen in urban area, and were dermatophagoides farinae, willow tree pollen and Large seed fleabane pollen in suburban area. The positive rate of skin prick test decreased with age.CONCLUSIONThe dust mites and fall pollen are the most important allergens in primary and middle school students in Beijing.