Objective To investigate the effect of Ambroxol on NF?B activation of macrophage in the induced sputum in patients with stable COPD.Methods Induced sputum was taken from 47 stable COPD patients,who were divided into two groups randomly.Macrophages were collected,and NF-?B activation and IL-8 of induced sputum were determined by immunohistochemistry;SOD and MDA were determined synchronously.Results NF-?B activation in macrophage and IL-8 in the treated group were significantly decreased in patients of stable group than those in the controls.Conclusion Ambroxol can decrease NF-?B activation in macrophage in stable COPD patients.

Objective To investigate cardiac reserve function and pregnant results of preeclampsia.Methods Pregnant women chosen by randomized table and hospitalized in the department of obstetrics of the first affiliated hospital of Chongqing MedicaI University were involved in this study from January to December,2008.Sixty-nine cases of normal pregnant women were divided into 3 groups:normal group 1(20cases),normal group 2(26 cases)and normal group 3(23 cases).The normal group number 1 to number 3 were paired to gestational hypertension(20 cases),mild preeclampsia(26 cases)and severe preeclampsia (23 cases),respectively.The digital technique of heart sound signal processing WaS used to measure cardiac reserve function parameters including the heart rate(HR),the ratio of the amplitude of the first heart sound to the second heart sound(S1/S2)and the ratio of diastolic to systolic duration(D/S)of pregnant women.The pregnant results were also recorded.Results (1)The ratio of S1/S2 in the group of severe preeclampsia 4.5±3.2 was significantly bigher than the group of gestational hypertension 2.2±1.1 and normal group 32.2±1.1(P＜0.01).The ratio of D/S of the group of severe preeclampsia 1.1±0.3 Was significantly lower than the group of gestational hypertension 1.4±0.3 and normal group 31.4±0.2(P＜0.01).(2)All cases of the normal group number 1 to number 3 and the group of gestational hypertension were found the ratio of D/S≥1.00,whereas 1 case(1/26,4%)of the group of mild preeclampsia and 4 cases(4/23.17%)of the group of severe preeclampsia were found the ratio of D/S＜1.00.(3)The two cases of the pregnant wornen(including one woman died of cardiac arrest)with S1/S2＞5.00 and D/S＜1.00,who were in the group of severe preeclampsia,were sent to Intensive Care Unit after delivery.There were 4 cases(4/26,15%)and 6 cages(6/23,26%)of 1 minute Apgar score less than 7,7 cases(7/26,27%)and 6 cases(6/23,26%)sent to neonatal Intensive Care Unit,2 cases(2/26,8%)and 4 cases(4/23,17%)of neonatal death in the group of mild preeclampsia and in the group of severe preeclampsia,respectively.All newborns in the normal group number 1 to number 3 and the group of gestational hypertension were normal.Conclusions The cardiac reserve function of a pregnant woman with preeelampsia is decreased with the severity of preeclampsia and the parturient and neonatal results get worse.The distal technique of heart sound signal processing is a safe,harmless,simple and effective tool to measure cardiac reserve funotion of preeclampsia,and is worthy of widely used clinically.

Objective To investigate the role of NF-κB activation in the inflammatory mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Monocyte were collected from patients with COPD and were cultured,and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ; NF-κB p65 activation was measured by immunohistochemistry; SOD ,MDA and IL-8 and lung function were determined synchronously.Results The NF-κB p65 was induced by LPS in monocyte in all subjects, but it was most markedly done in COPD patients with exacerbateions; There was positive correlation between the NF-κB p65 activation of monocytes and levels of IL-8 and MDA in circulation, but it was negative correlation to SOD.Conclusion NF-κB plays a vital role in regulating product of IL-8 in monocyte in COPD.

Objective To explore the value of multi-model reconstruction of 16-slice spiral CT in diagnosis of rib fractures.Methods 16-slice spiral CT volumetric scanning was performed in 72 patients with rib fracture proved by clinical,all images were reconstructed in thin slice and transferred into ADW4.1 workstation.Images such as multiplanar reconstruction(MPR),maximum intensity projection(MIP)and volume rendering(VR)were performed,then the reconstructed images of injured ribs were observed and analyzed by two experienced radiologists and compared with radiographs.Results In 72 cases,there were 217 rib fracture and 7 costal cartilage fracture depicted on MSCT.The location and number of fracture and displacement of fracture could be showed clearly on images of multi-model reconstruction.VR images were betten in demonstration of the anatomical structure,MPR images were better to show the minor lesion of rib fracture,MIP was the best imaging method in detecting the costal cartilage fracture,while axial image was the basic CT scanning section.Radiographs revealed 169 rib fractures but no costal cartilage fracture.Conclusion 16-slice spiral CT of multi-model reconstruction is superior to radiography in diagnosis of rib fracture and costal cartilage fracture.But the combinalion of various reconstruction techniques should be acquired.

The history and present status of phytoplasma classification are introduced briefly in this paper.The newly classification methods and rules for the description of Candidatus species are reviewed.The key problems and direction on the classification and identification of phytoplasmas in China are discussed.

The parts of system automatically detecting the standard 12-synchronous-lead ECG (electrocardiograms) signal based on personal computer is introduced in this paper. The object-oriented programming method is adopted based on Windows System. We put forward methods to analyze QRS complex wave, P wave, T wave and ST fragment. In this paper the techniques such as ECG signal preprocessing, cardio wave parameters detecting and wave pattern cognizing are discussed too. Furthermore we use wavelet transform technique to analyze the wave pattern and get sound effect.
Algorithms ; Electrocardiography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Software

0.05).Three coronary artery aneurysm in the distal RCA was missed by 2DE.MSCT could not detect slight or moderate mitral regurgitation in 2 patients and artery wall thickening in 5 patients.Conclusion MSCT would be an effective complementary or alternative method for CDEC to evaluate coronary artery lesions non-invasively in pediatric patients with Kawasaki disease.

Pharmaceutical market is a typical market with information asymmetry, and which can lead to "lemons" problem. In all developed countries, firms must receive regulatory approval to market a pharmaceutical product. Such administrative department including SFDA, EMA, FDA and so on. Chinese materia medica is a special part of pharmaceutical market in China. The management of Chinese materia medica is a special challenge in China.
Accreditation ; Materia Medica ; economics ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; standards ; Reference Standards ; Social Control, Formal

Objective: To investigate the syndrome property of myocardial Ischemic, and evaluate the relevant informations of qi-deficiency. Methods: SD rats were subjected to either proximal LAD ligation or sham operation. The respiratory rate in both resting state and post-stress were counted. 20 rats (10 in each group) were subjected to forced swimming test (FST) to measure the exhaustive swimming time in every time point Echocardiography was used to evaluate the cardiac function in rats at each time point. Results: Compared with sham operation group, the respiratory rate in the resting state was slower, but faster under post-stress, the exhaustive swimming time was shorter, and the cardiac function of rats was significant decreasing in model group during the period from 7th day to 60th day after operation. The exhaustive swimming time was much shorter, and the relevant information of blood stasis was abnormal in the model group during the period from 7th day to 28th day after operation, when compared with the sham group. Conclusion: Myocardial ischemic rats induced by LAD ligation had both qi-deficiency and blood stasis indications, can be diagnosed as the syndrome of qi-deficiency and blood stasis during the period from 7th day to 28th day after operation. The model rats only had the qi-deficiency indications during the period from 45th day to 60th day after operation, so can be diagnosed as the qi-deficiency syndrome.

To study the chemical constituents of Lysimachia patungensis Hand.-Mazz., silica gel column chromatography, reverse phase ODS column chromatography, MCI and Sephadex LH-20, were used to separate the 95% EtOH extract of the whole plant of Lysimachia patungensis Hand.-Mazz.. The structures of the isolated compounds have been established on the basis of chemical and NMR spectroscopic evidence as well as ESI-MS in some cases. Twelve phenolic compounds were obtained and identified as quercetin-3, 3'-di- O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (1), myricetrin (2), quercitrin (3), rutin (4), 2-hydroxynaringenin-4'-O-glucopyranoside (5), naringenin 7-O-glucopyranoside (6), liquiritin apioside (7), licochalcone B (8), tetrahydroxymethoxy chalcone (9), methyl-p-coumarate (10), 2, 4, 6-trihydroxy acetophenone-2-O-glucopyranoside (11) and vaccihein A (12). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, and compounds 5, 11 and 12 are isolated from the genus Lysimachia L. for the first time, and the others are isolated from the plant for the first time.