Objective To investigate the protective effect of the new type of Tongxinluo (TXL) on blood-brain barrier impairment after cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury in rats.Methods 78 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group (n=6), operated group (n=36) and TXL-treated group (n=36), the latter two groups were divided into 0.5 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h groups (n=6, each) according to the time after cerebral ischemic/reperfusion for 2 h. The rats were pretreated with normal saline or TXL for 7 d. The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model was established by the Longa occlusion method;The serum S100? protein concentrations of different point time were determined by ELISA method and infarct volumes were determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium Chloride (TTC) staining method. Results (1) The serum S100? protein level in TXL-treated groups were significantly decreased compared with operated groups at 0.5 h, 2 h, 6 h,12 h and 24 h after MCAO/R (P

We overviewed the policies and regulations of traditional Chinese medicine of main Asian countries and summarized current situation of policies and regulations of traditional Chinese medicine in Asian markets.After in-depth analysis,we found that the opportunities lied in high public awareness,some Asian countries establishing special traditional medicine management agencies,special Pharmacopoeia of traditional Chinese medicine in Japan and South Korea,and high degree of acupuncture legalization.At the same time,traditional Chinese medicine also faced with the challenges such as strict technical standard and TBT barriers.In the end of this paper,we came up with some development countermeasures when traditional Chinese medicine accessing Asian markets,such as improving technical standards,establishing an anti-technical barriers to trade service system,encouraging technological innovation,and strengthening domestic and international exchanges and cooperation.

As a kind of additive in feed of monogastric animals, the application of natural phytase is limited due to its disadvantages. In this paper, the strategies of phytse reform was introduced. Furthermore, the research and progress on protein engineering of feed phytase was reviewed, including phytase over-expression, phytase thermostability, catalytic efficiency and optimum pH.

With the increasing trade amount of herbal medicine over the world,many foreign countries took non-tariff barriers such as technical regulations,technical standard and conformity assessment procedures,of which the most far-reaching impact of green trade barriers on the export of traditional Chinese medicine.We analyzed the three green trade barriers faced by the traditional Chinese medicine assessing international markets,and summarized the impacts of green trade barriers on the export of traditional Chinese medicine from the two aspects of positive and negative.In the end of this study,we came up with some strategies to deal with green trade barriers:to promote the establishment of standard system; to ensure the quality of traditional Chinese medicine products; to implement green production; to cultivate environmental awareness; to pursue international certification; and to enhance corporate brand image.

Objective To explore the clinical features and treatment of children with acute severe viral myocarditis.Methods The clinical data of presentation,diagnosis,therapy and prognosis of children who were admitted in our hospital from Jan 2005 to Jan 2012 with acute severe viral myocarditis(severe myocarditis group) were analyzed retrospectively.Twenty-three cases of normal healthy children in the same period were selected as control group.The levels of serum cardiac troponin(CTn)-Ⅰ and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) were detected by ELISA method,the changes of left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fraction shortening were understood by color doppler echocardiography.Results The level of CTn-Ⅰin severe myocarditis group was significantly higher than that of control group,the difference was statistically significant [(18.67 ± 12.31) ng/ml vs (0.02 ±0.01) ng/ml,P ＜0.05].Compared with the acute phase,the level of CTn-Ⅰshowed a trend of gradual decline in 7 d [(0.55 ±0.24) ng/ml],basic close to normal in 14 d [(0.06 ±0.03) ng/ml] (P ＜0.05).The level of NT-proBNP increased significantly in severe myocarditis group compared with control group [(3 067.26 ± 902.79) pg/ml vs (80.04 ± 17.79) pg/ml,P ＜0.05].Compared with acute phase,the levels of NT-proBNP were closed to normal in 7 d [(648.63 ±342.37) pg/ml] and 14 d [(213.58 ± 129.51) pg/ml] (P ＜ 0.05).The left ventricular ejection fraction [(52.63 ± 6.98) ％ vs (71.39 ± 2.41) ％] and left ventricular fraction shortening [(32.1 ± 2.97) ％ vs (40.04 ± 2.31) ％] in severe myocarditis group were significantly lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Acute severe viral myocarditis of children was characterized by rapid onset,severe illness and high mortality.Early use of adrenal cortical hormone and gamma globulin under the comprehensive treatment and application temporary pacemaker can help patients to recover from the disease.

Angiopoietin-1 ; chemistry ; physiology ; Angiopoietin-2 ; chemistry ; physiology ; Angiopoietins ; physiology ; Animals ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; therapy ; Embryonic and Fetal Development ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; blood supply ; Receptor, TIE-2 ; chemistry ; physiology ; Signal Transduction

Objective To evaluate the effects of long?term glucocorticoid administration on cisatra?curium?induced neuromuscular blockade in the patients undergoing laparoscopic operation. Methods Six?ty?four patients of both sexes, aged 40-64 yr, with body mass index of 18-22 kg∕m2 , of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ, scheduled for elective laparoscopic operation under general anesthesia, were assigned into 4 groups ( n=16 each) according to whether or not glucocorticoid was used for a long?term period: control ( non?hormone and non?laparoscopic operation ) group ( group C ) , hor?mone + laparoscopic operation group ( group HL ) , non?hormone + laparoscopic operation group ( group NHL) and hormone +non?laparoscopic operation group ( group HNL) . Midazolam 0.03 mg∕kg was injected intravenously, 8% sevoflurane was inhaled by mask, and the concentration of sevoflurane was decreased by 2% every 30 s until the concentration of 4% was reached. After loss of eyelash reflex, remifentanil 2μg∕kg was injected intravenously over 1 min, and 30 s later sevoflurane inhalation was stopped. The patients were tracheally intubated and mechanically ventilated. Anesthesia was maintained with propofol and remifentanil given by target?controlled infusion. Neuromuscular blockade was monitored with accelerograph TOF?watch
SX. At 20 min of pneumoperitoneum in NHL and HL groups or 20 min after intubation in C and HNL groups, cisatracurium 0. 15 mg∕kg was injected intravenously. The onset time, maximal degree of N?M block, clinical duration and recovery index of cisatracurium were recorded. Results Compared with group C, the onset time was significantly prolonged, the maximal degree of N?M block was decreased, the clini?cal duration was shortened, and the recovery index was decreased in HL and HNL groups ( P<0.05) , and the clinical duration was significantly prolonged, the recovery index was increased ( P<0.05) , and no sig?nificant change was found in the onset time in group NHL ( P>0.05) . Compared with group HNL, the clin?ical duration was significantly prolonged, the recovery index was increased (P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the onset time in group HL ( P>0.05) , and the onset time was significantly shortened, the clinical duration was prolonged, and the recovery index was increased in group NHL ( P<0.05) . Com?pared with group NHL, the onset time was significantly prolonged, the maximal degree of N?M block was decreased, the clinical duration was shortened, and the recovery index was decreased in group HL ( P<0.05) . Conclusion Long?term glucocorticoid administration can weaken cisatracurium?induced neuromus?cular blockade in the patients undergoing laparoscopic operation.

To explore the relationships between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutional types and overweight or obesity so as to provide evidence for adjusting constitutional bias and preventing and treating obesity.

15mm~2)of dural sac cross-sectional area to values smaller than 75 mm~2 was found during examination in axial loading,or if a suspected disc herniation,narrow lateral recess,narrow intervertebral foramen,or intraspinal synovial cyst changed to being obvious at the axial loading examination,they were regarded as additional information.Results After axial loading CT examination,AVI was found in 16 of 40 patients.A significant decrease of dural sac area was found in 13 patients.Intervertebral disc herniation was more severe in 7 patients,lateral recess or interverbral foramen narrowed in 4 patients,no intraspinal synovial cyst was found.After axial loading MRI examination,AVI was found in 19 of 60 patients.A significant decrease of dural sac area was found in 13 patients.Intervertebral disc herniation became severe in 10 patients,lateral recess or interverbral foramen narrowed in 8 patients,no intraspinal synovial cyst was found.AVI was found in 32 of 79(40.5%)patients with sciatica and 2 of 20(10.0%)patients with low back pain(?~2=7.45 P

Objective To explore the gene expression of interleukin-13 receptor (IL-13R)?2 and its relationship to proliferation activity of human gliomas.Methods The gene expression of IL-13R?in 50 hu- man gliomas,2 malignant human glioma cell lines and 6 normal brain tissues were studied by RT-PCR.Ki-67 labeling index (Ki267 LI) of all sample were detecteded by immunohistochemical staining.Results Only one normal brain tissues expressed very low IL-13R?2 mRNA,whereas 35 (70%) of 50 human brain tumors expressed 1L-13R?2 mRNA.The positive rate and expression level of IL-13R?2 mRNA were increased with the ascending of WHO tumor grade.(former:rs=0.87;letter:rs=0.69,P＜0.01).The difference of posi- tive rate and expression level of IL-13R 2?mRNA between the low grade and high grade tumors was statistical- ly significant,the proliferation activity of gliomas evaluated by Ki-67LI (Ki-67 Labeling Index,Ki-67LI) was positively correlated with IL-13R?2 gene expression and the tumor grade.Conclusion In human cerebral gliomas,IL-13R?2 genes may play an role in the malignant progression.The expression level of malignancy in molecular level and selecting the target of gene therapy.