To establish a spectrophotometric method for detecting selenium in drinking water,some subjects,such as the features of absorption spectrum of the reacting product of selenium and diaminonaphthalene,disturbance of other coexisting ions,detection range,detection limit,precision and accuracy were studied.The results showed that:the maximum absorption wavelength of the reacting product of Se4+and 2,3-diaminonaphthalene was 377 nm,the detection limit,molar absorptivity (ε377) and linear range of this method was 0.018 μg/50 ml,2.7×104 L/(mol·cm)and 0.2～10 μg/50ml respectively.The regressive equation was A＝0.077C＋0.014 with a correlation coefficient r value of 0.9999.The relative standard deviation (RSD) and recovery rate were ＜54.7% and 96.5%～106% respectively.This method was simple,sensitive and accurate,could meet the requirement of the routine monitoring of selenium in drinking water.

Objective To investigate calcification of cultured aortic medial cells in vitro and acceleration by 25 hydroxycholesterol or ? glycerophosphate. Methods Aortic medial cells were obtained by explantation, and the calcification was observed by von Kossa staining. Insoluble calcium precipitation in cellular layer was determined by biochemical method , and osteocalcin in the media was analyzed with radioimmunoassay. Results Two different types of primary cells were shown from culture: one with parallel cellular growth and being negative by von Kossa staining, the other cell type formed cellular nodules with positive von Kossa staining. After 28 days of cell passages, cell growth appeared no nodule formation. However, many cellular nodules and positive von Kossa staining were observed in the passaged cells treated with 25 hydroxycholesterol or ? glycerophosphate, and both insoluble calcium 〔(57 80?18 50)?g/pool, (67 50?15 30)?g/pool〕and osteocalcin 〔(0 886?0 063)?g/L, (0 895?0 061)?g/L〕in the medium were significantly increased than that of the untreated cells. Conclusions Cultured aortic medial cells could be divided into two subtypes, one with the characters of smooth muscle cells, the other with the micro vascular pericytes which could calcify the extracellular matrix. 25 hydroxycholesterol and ? glycerophosphate promoted the in vitro calcification, and osteocalcin secretion was increased in the process of calcification of aortic medial, suggesting that osteocalcin might participate in the aortic calcification.

BACKGROUND:Mechanical property test is an important method for assessing the therapeutic effect of drug therapy in osteoporosis animal models. But there are rare reports on the three-point bending mechanical test for evaluating the therapeutic effects of a variety of drugs on a female rat model of senile osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To explore the interventional effects ofDanqi particles, premarin, ipriflavone and αD3 in a rat model of osteoporosis through the three-point bending mechanical test. METHODS:Forty-eight female Wistar rats were randomized into six groups, and animal models of senile osteoporosis were made in al rats except for those in the normal control group. Then, the rats were givenDanqi particles (0.9g/kg/d), ipriflavone (1 mg/kg/d), αD3 (0.1 mg/ka/d) and premarin (0.3 mg/kg/d) in theDanqi, ipriflavone, αD3 and premarin groups, respectively. An electronic universal testing machine was used to perform the three-point bending mechanical test on the bilateral tibiae of rats. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the model group, the maximum load, maximum stress, maximum bending moment, maximum stress, elastic modulus of the tibia were significantly higher in theDanqi, ipriflavone and premarin intervention groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the maximum load, maximum stress, maximum strain and modulus of elasticity between αD3 and model groups (P > 0.05). There were also no significant differences in the maximum load, maximum stress and maximum strain between the Danqi and normal control groups (P> 0.05). These findings indicate thatDanqi, ipriflavone and premarin interventions have good achievements in the three-point bending mechanical test, and theDanqi particles have the best intervention effects. αD3 has no obvious effects on the three-point bending mechanical performance.

Objective To explore the role of neurotic in parental rearing patterns and interpersonal sensitive.Methods Using stratified sampling method to test 702 middle school students,symptom checklist 90 (SCL90),Egma minnen av bardndosnaupp forstran(EMBU) and Eycenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ) were used to investigate and take one and a half years of follow-up observation on the sample of 245 students from first grade of junior and senior middle school.Correlated variables were made the correlation analysis,regression analysis,constructing the structure equation model and using tracking data to confirm.Results (1) Neuroticism,father's affective warmth and understanding,father's excessive protection,mother's rejection and deny had a direct effect,and the variation of total symptoms could be explained 40.8％ ; father's affective warmth and understanding,father's excessive protection,mother's over-interference and over-protection,mother's rejection and deny had a indirect effect on interpersonal sensitive,and explained 24.0％.(2) Effect analysis showed father's affective warmth and understanding,father's excessive protection,mother's rejection and deny impact on interpersonal sensitive by neuroticism,and father's excessive protection was the largest which accounted for 48.0％ of the total effect.The second was father's affective warmth and understanding,accounting for 47.3 ％.The last was mother's rejection and deny accounted for 42.7％,and its indirect effect increased with the age(69.1％).All of mother's over-interference and overprotection through the neurotic influence interpersonal sensitive,and the direct effect was 50.3％ between neurotic and interpersonal sensitivity.Conclusion Indirect effect of neurotic existed in relationships of parents rearing patterns and interpersonal sensitivity.

Objective To explore the efficacy of microvascular decompression (MVD)on trigeminal neuralgia and the anatomical characteristics of the responsible blood vessels.Methods The clinical data of 25patients with idiopathic trigemine neuralgia(ITN) undergoing MVD were analyzed retrospectively.The origins of the responsible blood vessels and sites of compression at the trigeminal root were observed and determined.Meanwhile,the anatomical characteristics of the responsible blood vessels and the efficacy of MVD were investigated.Results The offending vessels which were responsible for ITN were identified at root exit zone (REZ) in 21 cases (84％).The most common responsible vessel was the superior cerebellar artery in 13 cases (52％),followed by anterior inferior cerebellar artery in 6 cases (24％).Seventy six percent of the offending vessels were arteries and 8％ were rock vein.No vascular compression but evident increase in the thickness of arachnoid mater covered by the trigeminal nerve was observed in 4 cases ( 16％ ).All patients were relieved for the acute pain and the overall cure rate was 96％.Conclusion MVD is a safe,microinvasive and effective surgical modality for ITN.The key for better outcomes and less complications of MVD is to improve microsurgical techniques and deal with all the involved vessels.

Objective To explore the impact of the ratio between pelvic tilt (PT) and sacral slope (SS) on the life quality of patients with ankylosing spndylitis (AS) after kyphosis correction. Methods From November 2008 to May 2011, 33 AS pa?tients were reviewed, including 31 males and 2 females, aged from 19 to 58 years old (average, 36 years old). The thoracolumbar kyphosis angle was 35.23° ± 13.98° (range, 15.12°-74.37° ) and the lumbar lordosis angle was 8.68° ± 18.27° (range,-23.70°-62.15°). The Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)?22 questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of life and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) was used to evaluate the condition of pain. The pelvic incidence (PI), PT, SS, sagittal vertical axis (SVA) and osteoto?my angle were obtained from standing lateral full?spine radiographs. The correlations were analyzed from the subjective grading and the sagittal parameters in AS patients. Results The osteotomy site was in L1 (5 cases, 21.00°-54.59° , average 32.59° ± 13.44° ), L2 (19 cases, 28.63°-66.24° , average 37.89° ± 9.26° ), L3 (9 cases, 31.78°-60.90° , average 47.05° ± 9.20° ), respectively. The range of osteotomy angle was 39.59°±10.82° (range, 21.00°-66.24°). The subjective grading and spino?pelvic parameters were improved significantly after operation except PI, only postoperative PT/SS (0.93±0.65) and ODI standing (0.60±0.75)(r=0.681, P<0.05), osteotomy angle (39.59°±10.82°) and satisfaction of management (3.33±0.49)(r=0.478, P<0.05)had correlation with the subjective grading. Conclusion Compared with the change of PT, SS and SVA, the change of PT/SS is more closely related to the quality of life after operation in AS patients with kyphosis, which should be pay attention to by surgeon when designing operative schemes.

Objective To evaluate the application value of 18 F‐FDG PET/CT in patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) to improve the etiological diagnosis accuracy of PET/CT in patients with FUO and provide better service for clinical prac‐tice .Methods Clinical data and imaging results of 144 cases of FUO patients diagnosed through 18 F‐FDG PET/CT examination in Wuhan union hospital from December 2009 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed .The final diagnoses were based on sur‐gical pathology ,aspiration cytology ,or discharge diagnosis combined with more than 12 months of follow‐up results .All the PET/CT images were analyzed and the clinical application value of PET/CT in FUO patients were evaluated through the diagnose rate , diagnose efficiency and clinical staging of malignant tumor .Results Among the 144 patients ,there were 130 cases ultimately had clear diagnosis ,which including 41 cases of malignant tumor ,89 cases of benign lesions and 14 cases the cause of unknown .PET/CT detected abnormal lesions for 97 .6% (40/41) of patients with malignant lesions and 88 .7% (79/89) of patients with benign le‐sions ,and the diagnostic sensitivity ,specificity ,accuracy ,positive predictive value ,and negative predictive value were :97 .6% (40/41) ,86 .5% (77/89) ,90% (117/130) ,76 .9% (40/52) and 98 .7% (77/78) .PET/CT detected the primary lesions for the first time in 46 .3% (19/41) patients with malignant tumor ,and detected more lesions than the traditional imaging methods in 92 .7% (38/41) of these patients .Conclusion 18 F‐FDG PET/CT imaging can provided important reference value for the detection of primary lesions ,the qualitative diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions and clinical staging of malignant lesions .

Objective To detect the mRNA and protein expression of downstream quinine nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) induced by blood nuclearrelated factor E2 (Nrf2) in the peripheral blood of those exposed to arsenic in the endemic area of coal arsenic poisoning in Guizhou Province,and to discuss its role in the process of occurrence and development of liver injury due to coal arsenic poisoning.Methods Jiaole and Changqing villages in coal-burning-borne arsenism areas in Xingren County of Guizhou were selected as the survey sites,and 161 cases of arsenic-exposed residents were selected as the arsenic exposed group based on physical examination.They were divided into non-patient group (21 cases) and patient group (140 cases) according to the Diagnostic Criteria of Endemic Arsenism (WS/T 211-2001),and the patient group was further divided into mild hepatosis group (52 cases),moderately severe hepatosis group (36 cases) and non-apparent hepatosis group (52 cases) according to the Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Chronic (GBZ 59-2010).Moreover,45 residents from one village neighboring to non-epidemic area were selected as controls.Peripheral blood samples were collected from all subjects.And mRNA expression of NQO1 and HO-1 were detected by RT-qPCR.Content of NQQ1 and HO-1 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results (①)Results of mRNA expression of NQ01 and HO-1:the relative expression level of mRNA of NQO1 and HO-1 in peripheral blood went up gradually as the degree of liver injury of population exposed to arsenic increased (F =5.548,10.961,all P ＜ 0.05);thereinto,the relative expression level of mRNA of NQO1 of mild hepatosis group (median:0.918) was higher than that of the control group (0.576,P ＜ 0.05),the relative expression level of mRNA of NQO1 of moderately severe hepatosis group (1.243) was higher than those of control group,non-patient group (0.653),non-apparent hepatosis group (0.636) and mild hepatosis group (all P ＜ 0.05);the relative expression level of mRNA of HO-1 of non-patient group (1.059),non-apparent hepatosis group (1.225),mild hepatosis group (1.553) and moderately severe hepatosis group (1.604) were higher than that of control group (0.767,all P ＜ 0.05);the relative expression level of mRNA of HO-1 of mild hepatosis group was higher than that of non-patient group (P ＜ 0.05);the relative expression level of mRNA of HO-1 of moderately severe hepatosis group was higher than those of non-patient group and non-apparent hepatosis group (all P ＜ 0.05).②)Results of protein expression of NQO-1 and HO-1:the level of protein expression of NQO1 and HO-1 in serum went up gradually as the degree of liver injury of population exposed to arsenic increased (F =19.685,17.725,all P ＜ 0.05).Thereinto,the protein expression of NQO1 and HO-1 of non-apparent hepatosis group,mild hepatosis group and moderately severe hepatosis group [NQO1:(6.272 ± 0.744),(6.336 ± 0.628),(6.714 ± 0.540) U/L;HO-1:(45.150 ± 4.813),(45.283 ± 5.049),(48.610 ± 5.365) U/L] were higher than those of control group and non-patient group [NQO1:(5.550 ± 0.730),(5.750 ± 0.427) U/L;HO-1:(39.856 ± 5.249),(42.375 ± 3.014) U/L,all P ＜ 0.05],the protein expression of NQO1 and HO-1 of moderately severe hepatosis group were higher than those of non-apparent hepatosis group and mild hepatosis group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of mRNA and protein of NQO1 and HO-1 is closely related to the occurrence and development of liver injury due to arsenic exposure in coal arsenic poisoning areas.

Objective To investigate celecoxib self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (CXB-SMEDDS) that was developed to increase the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of celecoxib.Methods The formulation of CXB-SMEDDS was optimized by pseudo-ternary phase diagrams analysis.The appearance, morphology, particle size distribution and in vitro drug release behavior of CXB-SMEDDS were investigated after diluted by water.The bioavailability of CXB-SMEDDS was determined by oral administration to rats compared with CXB suspension.Results An optimized formulation was selected: Medium chain triglycerides as oil phase, Tween 20 as surfactant, Transcutol HP as cosurfactant.The ratio of oil phase, surfactant and cosurfactant was 2∶9∶9.Upon mixing with water, CXB-SMEDDS formed a clear and transparent microemulsion solution with homogeneous small spherical under transmission electron microscopy.For particle size of CXB-SMEDDS was found to be (57.6±14.2) nm.The in vitro dissolution test indicated a significant improvement in release characteristics of CXB.The AUC of CXB-SMEDDS and CXB suspension were (5.54±0.94) and (3.32±0.59) mg·L-1·h, respectively.The relative bioavailability was 166.9%.Conclusion The SMEDDS can significantly increase celecoxib dissolution in vitro and bioavailability in vivo.

Objective To determine the effect of different doses vitamin D supplementation to the change of bone metabolism in 6 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass ( RYGB) .Methods The change of body weight and body mass index ( BMI ) in 36 patients in 6 months after RYGB WAS analyzed.Then,the effect of low-dose (n=11,400 IU/day) and high-dose (n=12,1 600 IU/day) vitamin D to the serum calcium,25-hydroxyvitamin D and bone density were observed ,and 15 patients as control .Results In 6 months after RYGB,the body weight and BMI were decreased ,and the differences were statistical significance (P<0.05).The serum calcium,25-hydroxyvitamin D and bone density were increased in high-dose group,and the differences were statistical significance (P<0.05).Conclusion High-dose (1 600 IU/day) vitamin D supplementation is effective to the bone loss of patients undergoing RYGB .