2.Risk factors for SARS-related deaths in 2003, Beijing.
Min LIU ; Wan-Nian LIANG ; Qi CHEN ; Xue-Qin XIE ; Jiang WU ; Xiong HE ; Ze-Jun LIU
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2006;19(5):336-339
OBJECTIVETo study the potential risk factors for severe acute respiratory syndromes (SARS)-related deaths in Beijing.
METHODSEpidemiological data were collected among the confirmed SARS patients officially reported by Beijing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (BCDC), and information was also supplemented by a follow-up case survey. Chi-square test and multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis were performed.
RESULTSOld age (over 60 years) was found to be significantly associated with SARS-related deaths in the univariate analysis. Also, history of contacting SARS patients within 2 weeks prior to the onset of illness, health occupation, and inferior hospital ranking as well as longer interval of clinic consulting (longer than 1 day) were the risk factors for SARS-related deaths. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis found four risk factors for SARS-related deaths.
CONCLUSIONOld age (over 60 years) is the major risk factor for SARS-related deaths. Moreover, hospital health workers, the designated hospitals for SARS clinical services and the interval of consulting doctors (less than 1 day) are protective factors for surviving from SARS.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; epidemiology ; mortality
3.Stem cell models for commercialization
Min-Xia KE ; Meng JI ; Hao WANG ; Dan-Ping HONG ; Yue-Hong WU ; Nian-Min QI
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research 2018;22(5):766-773
BACKGROUND: Stem cells are the potentially immortal cells capable of self-renewal, which are essential to the mystery of human development and aging, and are also the core of research for regenerative medicine. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the biological characteristics of embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, to review the clinical and commercial applications in stem cell therapy and drug screening, and to analyze the problems and prospects in stem cell industry. METHODS: We searched relevant articles about stem cell models in PubMed and CNKI databases during 1995 to 2017 on internet, and took"stem cells, embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, stem cell therapy, drug screening" as the keywords in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to the origin, stem cell models are divided into three types: embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. Different types of stem cells have their unique biological advantages. Embryonic stem cells can generate all somatic cell types, but the application is limited by ethical disputes. As for adult stem cells, there are the most extensive and in-depth, studies as the well as the most prevalent and mature applications. Induced pluripotent stem cells have similar characteristics as embryonic stem cells, and furthermore their use avoids source restriction, moral and ethical controversies, bringing new opportunities for stem cell application. Stem cell-based cell therapy has shown successful achievement. There have been a few commercial products about adult stem cells-based cell therapy; in the meanwhile both embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are making their way into clinical trials. In addition, pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for the specific drug screening because they enable scientists to establish a variety of cell and disease models in vitro.
4.Severe acute respiratory syndrome--retrospect and lessons of 2004 outbreak in China.
Wan-Nian LIANG ; Tao ZHAO ; Ze-Jun LIU ; Bao-Ying GUAN ; Xiong HE ; Min LIU ; Qi CHEN ; Gai-Fen LIU ; Jiang WU ; Ruo-Gang HUANG ; Xue-Qin XIE ; Zheng-Lai WU
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2006;19(6):445-451
OBJECTIVETo summarize lessons learned from an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in China during the spring of 2004.
METHODSData of SARS cases were officially reported by Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (BCDC) and Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (APCDC) and results of epidemiological investigations were collected and analyzed.
RESULTSThree generations of 11 cases of SARS were identified during the outbreak. Initial two cases were most likely to be infected in Diarrhea Virus Laboratory of National Institute of Virology, China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and main mode of transmission was direct contact with SARS patients. Delay in detecting initial case resulted in spread of the illness at hospitals and communities with two generations of secondary cases.
CONCLUSIONSSARS outbreak in 2004 has yielded following lessons for public health globally. (1) Lab bio-safety programs should be made and should be strictly abided by. Studies in highly pathogenic viruses such as SARS coronavirus should be utmost cautious. (2) Management systems of occupational exposure to virus and disease surveillance need to be strengthened to take all risk factors into account so as to detect potential patients with infectious disease as early as possible.
China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health ; Retrospective Studies ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission
5.Case fatality rate of severe acute respiratory syndromes in Beijing.
Qi CHEN ; Wan-Nian LIANG ; Gai-Fen LIU ; Min LIU ; Xue-Qin XIE ; Jiang WU ; Xiong HE ; Ze-Jun LIU
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2005;18(4):220-226
OBJECTIVETo describe the case fatality rate of SARS in Beijing.
METHODSData of SARS cases notified from Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention (BCDC) and supplemented by other channels were collected. The data were analyzed by rate calculation.
RESULTSThe case fatality rate of SARS in Beijing was 7.66%, and had an ascending trend while the age of cases was getting older, and a descending trend while the epidemic development. The case fatality rate in Beijing was lower than that in other main epidemic countries or regions.
CONCLUSIONSThe risk of death increases with the increment of age of SARS patients. Beijing is successful in controlling and treating SARS.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupations ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; mortality
6.Long-term immunogencity and effectiveness of live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine (H2-strain )-a study on the result of 15 years' follow up
Fang-Cheng ZHUANG ; Zi-An MAO ; Li-Min JIANG ; Jie WU ; Yue-Qing CHEN ; Qi JIANG ; Nian-Liang CHEN ; Shao-Ai CHAI ; Jiang-Sen MAO
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2010;31(12):1332-1335
Objective To evaluate the long-term immunogencity and effectiveness of live attenuated hepatitis A (HA) vaccine (H2 strain) after one dose injection, through a 15 years' follow up observation. Methods A total of 220 children with negative anti-HAV antibody (aged 1-3 y)were involved and followed up in Jiaojiang district, Taizhou city, Zhejiang province. Indicators would include seroconversion and geometric meantiter(GMT) levels after inoculation the vaccine with single dose at 2 m, 12 m, 6 years, 10 years and 15 years. Epidemiological observation was carried out within the 15 years to evaluate the relationship between vaccine coverage, the incidence of HA and the overall effectiveness. In the studied population, serum was tested by ELISA(calibrated by WHO international reference) and ABBOTT Axsym HAVAB mEIA. Results Seroconversion rates were found to be 98.6% and 81.3% after 2 months and 15 years of inoculation and slowly decreased. GMT level was 128 mIU/ml after 15 years, significantly higher than the required protective level of 20 mIU/ml,recommended by WHO experts. Effectiveness through the 15-year follow up program showed a significant correlation between vaccine coverage and incidence of HA in 1-15 years aged group (Kendall-Rank test, t =-0.931, P<0.01). There was no HA case seen among the observed accumulated 236 413 person-year vaccines, compared to 4 HA cases discovered in the 27 206 personyear of the non-vaccinees. The overall protective rate reached 100%. Through a mass vaccination program on children, the whole population established an immune-defence to enable the incidence of HA decreased by 96.7%. Conclusion The long-term immunogencity and effectiveness of live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine (H2 strain) after one dose injection could last as long as 15 years.
7.The effect of maternal food consumption during pregnancy on infantile eczema: a cohort study
Pei-qi YE ; Wei-jia WU ; Nian-qing WAN ; Min-yi TAN ; Nu TANG ; Yu-ming CHEN ; Ya-jun CHEN ; Jin JING ; Li CAI
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention 2019;23(10):1213-1218
Objective To investigate the association between maternal food group intakes during pregnancy and the risk of infantile eczema in a Chinese population. Methods A prospective birth cohort study was conducted and 523 women were recruited at 20-28 weeks of pregnancy in Guangzhou from 2017 to 2018. A validated 81-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess maternal dietary intakes during the past month. Food items were divided into ten food groups according to the Chinese Dietary Guidelines. Offspring were followed up at 6 months by the symptom questionnaire of eczema. Multivariate Logistic regression model was conducted to evaluate the association between maternal food group intakes during pregnancy and the risk of infantile eczema. Results The cumulative incidence of eczema at 6 months was 51.8%. Maternal consumption of poultry was higher in the eczema group (27.62±25.20 g/d) than the control group (22.03±22.63 g/d, P=0.022). Comparing to the lowest quantile (Q1), higher maternal intake of poultry (Q4) and fish (Q3) were significantly associated with an increased risk of infantile eczema (OR=2.71, 95% CI=1.24-4.81; OR=2.38, 95% CI=1.23-4.59, respectively) after multivariate adjustment. Conclusion Higher intakes of poultry or fish during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of infantile eczema in Chinese population.
8.IL-33 promotes IL-10 production in macrophages: a role for IL-33 in macrophage foam cell formation.
Hai Feng ZHANG ; Mao Xiong WU ; Yong Qing LIN ; Shuang Lun XIE ; Tu Cheng HUANG ; Pin Ming LIU ; Ru Qiong NIE ; Qin Qi MENG ; Nian Sang LUO ; Yang Xin CHEN ; Jing Feng WANG
Experimental & Molecular Medicine 2017;49(11):e388-
We evaluated the role of IL-10- in IL-33-mediated cholesterol reduction in macrophage-derived foam cells (MFCs) and the mechanism by which IL-33 upregulates IL-10. Serum IL-33 and IL-10 levels in coronary artery disease patients were measured. The effects of IL-33 on intra-MFC cholesterol level, IL-10, ABCA1 and CD36 expression, ERK 1/2, Sp1, STAT3 and STAT4 activation, and IL-10 promoter activity were determined. Core sequences were identified using bioinformatic analysis and site-specific mutagenesis. The serum IL-33 levels positively correlated with those of IL-10. IL-33 decreased cellular cholesterol level and upregulated IL-10 and ABCA1 but had no effect on CD36 expression. siRNA-IL-10 partially abolished cellular cholesterol reduction and ABCA1 elevation by IL-33 but did not reverse the decreased CD36 levels. IL-33 increased IL-10 mRNA production but had little effect on its stability. IL-33 induced ERK 1/2 phosphorylation and increased the luciferase expression driven by the IL-10 promoter, with the highest extent within the −2000 to −1752 bp segment of the 5′-flank of the transcription start site; these effects were counteracted by U0126. IL-33 activated Sp1, STAT3 and STAT4, but only the STAT3 binding site was predicted in the above segment. Site-directed mutagenesis of the predicted STAT3-binding sites (CTGCTTCCTGGCAGCAGAA→CTGCCTGGCAGCAGAA) reduced luciferase activity, and a STAT3 inhibitor blocked the regulatory effects of IL-33 on IL-10 expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) confirmed the STAT3-binding sequences within the −1997 to −1700 and −1091 to −811 bp locus regions. IL-33 increased IL-10 expression in MFCs via activating ERK 1/2 and STAT3, which subsequently promoted IL-10 transcription and thus contributed to the beneficial effects of IL-33 on MFCs.
Binding Sites
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Cholesterol
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
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Computational Biology
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Coronary Artery Disease
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Foam Cells*
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Humans
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Interleukin-10*
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Interleukin-33*
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Luciferases
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Macrophages*
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Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
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Phosphorylation
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RNA, Messenger
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Transcription Initiation Site
9.Correlation of Skp2 overexpression to prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma from South China.
Hui-Min XU ; Yi LIANG ; Qiong CHEN ; Qi-Nian WU ; Yun-Miao GUO ; Guo-Ping SHEN ; Ru-Hua ZHANG ; Zhi-Wei HE ; Yi-Xin ZENG ; Fang-Yun XIE ; Tie-Bang KANG
Chinese Journal of Cancer 2011;30(3):204-212
S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2), which plays a role in cell cycle regulation, is commonly overexpressed in a variety of human cancers and associated with poor prognosis. However, its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is not well understood. In this study, we examined the clinical significance of Skp2, with a particular emphasis on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), in NPC cases in South China, where NPC is an epidemic. Additionally, we explored the function of Skp2 in maintaining a cancer stem cell-like phenotype in NPC cell lines. Skp2 expression was assessed for 127 NPC patients using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry and analyzed together with clinicopathologic features, OS, and DFS. Skp2 expression was detectable, or positive, in 75.6% of patients. Although there was no correlation between Skp2 and any clinicopathologic factor, Skp2 expression significantly portended inferior OS (P = 0.013) and DFS (P = 0.012). In the multivariate model, Skp2 expression remained significantly predictive of poor OS [P = 0.009, risk ratio (RR) = 4.06] and DFS (P = 0.008, RR = 3.56), and this was also true for clinical stage (P = 0.012 and RR=3.201 for OS; P = 0.002 and RR=1.94 for DFS) and sex (P = 0.016 and RR=0.31 for OS; P = 0.006 and RR = 0.27 for DFS). After Skp2 knockdown, a colony formation assay was used to evaluate the self-renewal property of stem-like cells in the NPC cell lines CNE-1 and CNE-2. The colony formation efficiency in CNE-1 and CNE-2 cells was decreased. In Skp2-transfected CNE-1 and CNE-2 cells, side population (SP) proportion was increased as detected by flow cytometry. Skp2 is an independent prognostic marker for OS and DFS in NPC. Skp2 may play a role in maintaining the cancer stem cell-like phenotype of NPC cell lines.
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Carcinoma
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Cell Line, Tumor
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China
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Disease-Free Survival
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Female
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Follow-Up Studies
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Gene Knockdown Techniques
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Humans
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms
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genetics
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metabolism
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pathology
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Neoplasm Staging
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Neoplastic Stem Cells
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pathology
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RNA, Small Interfering
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genetics
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S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins
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genetics
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metabolism
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Sex Factors
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Survival Rate
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Tissue Array Analysis
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Transfection
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Young Adult
10.Isolation of Growth-Promoting Bacteria and Effect of Compound Bacteria on Yield of Fritillaria przewalskii
Jiang ZHAO ; Shi-jun LIANG ; Tao YANG ; Xiao-long WU ; Peng-nian QI ; Shi-wei WANG ; Zhi-ye WANG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2021;27(24):163-170
Objective:To explore the effects of anti-microbial compound (T1) from