Objective To understand the comments for the essential drug system by doctors at township health centers in Nantong's six counties and to discuss the effect of implementing the essential drug system to different ownership systems.Methods The survey was made with stratified clusters random sampling method to select township health centers.Questionnaires were filled out by doctors,and leaders of the health bureau and township health centers were interviewed.Results After the implementation of the essential drug system,94.6％of the doctors found that the number of laboratory examinations increased in Rugao,Rudong and Haian.23.2％of the doctors in Tongzhou,Qidong and Haimen found that enthusiasm for work increased.Conclusion The compensation mechanism should be perfected and the financial subsidies should be paid in time.Supervision and management should be strengthened and the grassroots need for medicine be ensured.The skills training should be enhanced and the medical service ability be improved.

High resolution melting (HRM), based on melting curve analysis, requires not only saturating dyes that fluoresce in the presence of double-stranded DNA, but also higher resolution detection equipment. The melting curve is a novel method for sequence matching, genotyping and mutation scanning. The technology is simple, accurate, rapid, closed-tube, low-cost, and high-throughput, which make it gain more and more applications. This review article presents the basic principles, key factors and both the advantage and limitations of HRM. The potential application is discussed in the study of molecular identity of traditional Chinese medicine.
DNA Mutational Analysis ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; classification ; Genotyping Techniques ; methods ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation

Objective To investigate the status quo of nutrition knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP) among elite female small ball athletes of Guangdong province and its influencing factors.Their serum ferritin was also observed to explore its correlation with their KAP,so as to provide evidences for formulating and implementing scientific and reasonable nutrition education schemes.Methods Fifty-four female small ball athletes,including 20 handball,20 hockey and 14 softball players,were selected to complete a self-designed diet questionnaire based on KAP education mode and their serum ferritin indicators were analyzed at the same time.Results (1)The average scores(all out of 100)of nutrition knowledge (K),attitude (A) and practice (P) were 43.64 ± 11.66 (with a failure rate of 90.7％),78.37 ± 10.21 (with the rate of excellence of 59.3％)and 63.10 ± 10.17(with a passing rate of 37.0％),and the average KAP score was 185.10 ± 23.01,with a passing rate of 44.4％.(2)The one-way ANOVA found that there were significant differences in the average A score and the total KAP score (P＜0.05) among the athletes of different small ball teams.The correlation analysis results showed that the average A score was of significant positive correlation to the average P score.Moreover,the average KAP total score was of significant correlation with sports events (P＜0.05) and the education level (P＜0.05),but not with the age,training period and exercise level(P＞0.05).The multiple stepwise regression analysis results showed that training period(P＜0.05) and sports events(P＜0.05) was the influencing factor of nutrition knowledge and attitude respectively,and that education level (P＜0.01) was the influencing factor of both nutrition practice and KAP.(3)Significant differences were found in the serum ferritin among athletes of different sports events(P＜0.05)the serum ferritin was of significant positive correlation with the nutrition knowledge(P＜0.05).Conclusion (1)The lack of sports nutrition knowledge and the unbalance of nutrition behavior are common in elite female small ball athletes,but they had a positive attitude.It is necessary to carry out a series of effective nutrition education programs to improve their sports nutrition knowledge,cultivate their good nutrition attitudes and finally formulate rational and effective nutritional intervention measures to promote the formation of healthy nutrition behavior of athletes.(2) The sport event is the key influencing factor of the nutrition attitude and dietary behaviors,which suggests that more more attention should be paid to athletes' dietary management and focus should be put on their diary behavior on no-training days and on their energy ratios control of each meal,especially breakfast and extra meals,and rational intake of snacks.(3)The incidence of iron deficiency is consistent with KAP questionnaire survey results,which indicates that it may be an effective measure to prevent iron deficiency anemia through strengthening athletes' dietary nutrition education.

Accidents, Occupational ; statistics & numerical data ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand Injuries ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a modified method of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP)--6-o'clock tunnel HoLEP for the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSWe included 112 cases of BPH in this study, 57 treated by 6-o'clock tunnel HoLEP (experimental group) and the other 55 by conventional HoLEP (control group). We compared the operation time, volume of the resected prostatic tissue, intraoperative blood transfusion, volume of bladder irrigation solution, postoperative hemoglobin change, and incidence of urinary incontinence between the two groups.

RESULTSStatistically significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the operation time ([56.01 ± 8.62] min vs [68.65 ± 9.08] min), cases of intraoperative blood transfusion (0 vs 2), volume of bladder irrigation solution ([27.51 ± 3.67] L vs [36.89 ± 6.47] L), postoperative hemoglobin decrease ([10.70 ± 2.50] g/L vs [12.60 ± 3.30] g/L), and cases of postoperative stress-induced urinary incontinence (2 vs 7) (all P <0.05). One-month follow-up revealed smooth urination in both groups of patients but no true urinary incontinence or secondary bleeding in either.

CONCLUSIONModified 6-o'clock tunnel HoLEP can significantly reduce the operation time, bladder irrigation, and intraoperative bleeding, and therefore can be used as a safe and effective option for the treatment of BPH.

Case-Control Studies ; Hemorrhage ; prevention & control ; Holmium ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Lasers, Solid-State ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Period ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; statistics & numerical data ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; etiology

The study is aimed to explore a rapid method to extract DNA from fried Chinese medicinal products. The alkaline lysis buffer was made of sodium hydroxide, 1% PVP and 1% TritonX-100 and Tris-HCl solution was neutralized, through heat cracking and neutralization two step to extract DNA from processed and prepared products of traditional Chinese medicine. Then universal primes were used to amplify PCR products for fired Chinese medicinal materials. The results indicated the optimized alkaline lysis method for extracting DNA is quick and easy. Extracting of the different processed Sophora japonica of DNA concentration was (420.61 ± 123.91) g x L(-1). Using 5% Chelex-100 resin purification can improve the DNA concentration. Our results showed that the optimized alkaline lysis method is suitable for Chinese medicinal materials for quickly DNA extraction.
Alkalies ; chemistry ; Chemical Fractionation ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hydrolysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sophora ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics

To obtained an accurate, rapid and efficient method for authenticate medicinal snakes listed in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (Zaocysd humnades, Bungarus multicinctus, Agkistrodon acutus), a rapid PCR method for authenticate snakes and its adulterants was established based on the classic molecular authentication methods. DNA was extracted by alkaline lysis and the specific primers were amplified by two-steps PCR amplification method. The denatured and annealing temperature and cycle numbers were optimized. When 100 x SYBR Green I was added in the PCR product, strong green fluorescence was visualized under 365 nm UV whereas adulterants without. The whole process can complete in 30-45 minutes. The established method provides the technical support for authentication of the snakes on field.
Animals ; China ; DNA Primers ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Reptilian Proteins ; genetics ; Snakes ; classification ; genetics

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy between continuous and intermittent androgen deprivation in high risk prostate cancer.Methods Sixty-four patients with high risk prostate cancer were treated from January 2008 to April 2009,36 cases who accepted goserelin and bicalutamide were taken as intermittent hormonal therapy (intermittent treatment group),while 28 cases who accepted bilateral orchiectomy in addition to flutamide were regarded as continuous hormonal therapy (continuous treatment group).The comparison of tumor specific mortality,time of prostate specific antigen (PSA) to nadir,tine to PSA recurrence,serum testerone and quality of life score were assessed between the two groups.Results In continuous treatment group and intermittent treatment group,follow-up period was (26.4 ± 10.3) and (28.1 ± 8.7) months,the time of PSA to nadir was (3.8 ± 2.1 ) and (4.0 ± 3.6) months,the time to PSA recurrence was (20.1 ± 12.3) and (24.5 ± 14.6) months,respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups.At the time of 18,24 and 30 months after therapy,serum testerone was 0.85,0.88,0.89 μg/L in continuous treatment group,while 1.21,1.36,1.48 μg/L in intermittent treatment group,respectively (P ＜ 0.05 ).Similarly,quality of life score was 38.7,40.5,39.8 scores in continuous treatment group,while 49.2,51.4,52.3 scores in intermittent treatment group at the time of 12,18 and 30 months after therapy,respectively (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Clinical efficacy could not been found between continuous and intermittent endocrinic therapy of prostate cancer.During intermittent,quality of life seems to be better and increases in accordance with serum testerone recurrence at given time.

Objective To analyze the efficacy of vertebroplasty using the patient data in our hospital so as to better serve those clinical patients.Methods A retrospectively review was performed on 1 080 with data integrity out of 1 084 cases undergone vertebroplasty from January 2003 to March 2012.Basic information measured was age,gender,entity,number of operated vertebral bodies,distribution of operated vertebral bodies,postoperative X-ray films,bone cement volume,bone cement leakage into the vertebral canal,cases with balloon kyphoplasty,cases with bilateral or bilateral vertebroplasty,and intraoperative vital signs.Clinical manifestations and quality of life were observed after operation.Results In all,306 cases occupying 28.33％ presented bone cement leaks based on postoperative X-ray films.Volume of bone cement infused in each vertebral body varied from 1.5 ml to 7.5 ml.No bone cement leaked into the vertebral canal during operation.There were 706 cases occupying 65.37％ managed by balloon kyphoplasty and 984 cases occupying 91.11％ by unilateral vertebroplasty.Within 3-5 days after surgery,associated symptoms were found in 23 cases,among which 3 had neurologic symptoms and 20 composing 5 men and 15 women had symptoms related to pulmonary embolism including one severely affected was transferred to the department of pneumology.Among the 23 cases,8 were managed by unilateral vertebroplasty and 15 by bilateral vertebroplasty,including 17 involving thoracic surgery.Conclusion Although various complications relate to the procedure,vertebroplasty may be widely used on condition that techniques and indications iu surgery are correctly mastered.

Objective To investigate the value of prospectively electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered high-pitch coronary computed tomography angiography at 70 kV and 30 mL contrast medium with Stellar detector dual-source CT.Methods 60 patients with the BMI<24.9 kg/m2 were randomized into two groups:Group A (30 cases)with the tube voltage of 70 kV and 30 mL contrast medi-um.Group B (30 cases)with the tube voltage of 100 kV and 50 mL contrast medium.All the patients were performed with a Stellar detector dual-source CT using a prospectively ECG triggered high-pitch spiral technique.The images of Group A were reconstructed with SAFIRE technique,while Group B were with FBP technique.The objective image quality includes CT attenuation,SNR, CNR.And radiation dose was also calculated.The subjective was evaluated by 4-scale point.Independent sample t test was used.Re-sults There was no difference for subjective image quality between the groups,A:(3.38±0.942),B:(3.50±0.682),(t=-0.562, P >0.05).The CT attenuation of the 70 kV group were higher than that of the 100 kV group for all the segments(P <0.01).The SNR and the CNR have no statistically significant difference between the groups (P >0.05).Compared with the 100 kV group,the radiation dose of the 70 kV group was reduced by 76.5% (A:0.19±0.023 mSv,B:0.81±0.101 mSv,P <0.01).Conclusion Using 70 kV with 30 mL contrast medium in Stellar detector dual-source CT coronary angiography for the patients with a normal BMI could obtain qualified diagnostic image with low radiation dose and contrast medium.