Objective To compare the expression of myocardial connexin 43(Cx43)mRNA and its protein during early and late cardioprotection stages of exercise preconditioning.Methods Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group,an exhaustive exercise(EE)group,an early exercise preconditioning + exhaustive exercise(EEP+EE)group and a late exercise preconditioning + exhaustive exercise (LEP+EE) group,each of 8.All groups were given intervention as their group name indicated.Then in situ hybridization and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR methods were used to detect the changes of myocardial Cx43mRNA and immunohistochemical method and Western blotting were used to detect the changes of Cx43 protein.Results Compared with EE group,there was significant increase in Cx43 mRNA and its protein expression in group EEP+EE and LEP+EE.Compared with EEP+EE group,no significant changes was found in situ hybridization and Cx43 Immunoreactivity in LEP+EE group,neither did significant differences in the expression of Cx43 mRNA and its protein.Conclusion EEP and LEP can significantly promote the expression of myocardial Cx43 mRNA and its protein respectively.However there is no significant changes of myocardial Cx43 mRNA and protein expression between the 2 time phases.It demonstrates that the expression of Cx43 in the early and late stage of myocardial protective effect was consistent with the changes of the early and late phase of the protective effect of EP.

Objective To analyze risk factors for grenade throwing fractures and put forward corresponding preventive measures for the fractures during the military training in recruits,so as to reduce the happen in the military training.Methods The research is case-control study.The trial group and the control group (39 patients each) were followed up and investigated.The investigation indicators included height,body mass index (BMI),whether drinking carbonated beverage frequently,literacy,osteoporosis,throwing training score,throwing posture,warm-up sufficiently,region,whether attend often physical exercise before recruitment,exercise strength,and weather factor.Results There were significant differences in the warm-up sufficiency,attending physical exercise before recruitment,exercise intensity,throwing posture,weather factor between trial group and the control group in recruits.The logistic regression analysis showed that the lack of physical exercise before recruitment,strong exercise intensity,nonstandard throwing posture were the risk factors in grenade throwing fractures in recruits.Conclusion Sufficient warm-up,avoiding exhausted exercise and assault exercise,strict training in accordance with the standard throwing posture,regular participation in physical exercise before recruitment and training in warm season are effective methods for preventing grenade throwing fractures in recruits.

[Objective]To evaluate the value of clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing chronic anterior cruciate ligament injury.[Method]Sixty-five patients with the diagnosis of chronic anterior cruciate ligament injury were retrospectively analyzed about the course of diagnosis and treatment.To gain the primary diagnosis through clinical examination,8 patients were performed magnetic resonance imaging.Finally all the patients were carried out arthroscopic surgery to make a final diagnosis.[Result]Arthroscopy found 53 cases with complete anterior cruciate ligament tears,12 cases with partial anterior cruciate ligament tears.In the complete anterior cruciate ligament tears cases,79.2% patients had positive anterior drawer test,96.2% had positive Lachman test and 92.5 % had positive pivot shift test.In the partial anterior cruciate ligament tears cases,16.7% patients had positive anterior drawer test,50.0% had positive Lachman test and 33.3 % had positive pivot shift test.The accuracy of MRI in diagnosing anterior cruciate ligament tears was 100%.[Conclusion]Clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging can diagnose chronic anterior cruciate ligament effectively.

Aged ; Atropine ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Muscarinic Antagonists ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Preoperative Care ; methods ; Quinuclidines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Objective To assess the significance and the relationship of BODE index score and inflammation factors in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Sixty COPD patients in their stable condition were evaluated for BODE index score and the level of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-8(IL-8) and C reactive protein (CRP) were determined.Results BODE index score in COPD patients was positively correlated with serum concentrations of TNF-α,IL-8 (r =0.455,P ＜ 0.01 ; r =0.303,P ＜0.05),but not with CRP (r =0.111,P =0.398).IL-8 and TNF-α were both significantly negatively correlated to body mass index(BMI),force exhale volume of the first second (FEV1) and 6 minute walking distance (6MWD) (r=-0.417,P ＜0.01;r=-0.538,P＜0.01;r =-0.419,P＜0.01 for IL-8;and r=-0.262,P＜0.05;r=-0.348,P＜0.01;r=-0.334,P＜0.01 for TNF-α).Conclusion The BODE index,as a simple multidimensional grading system for COPD,is closely related to system inflammation,which indicates that system inflammation may contribute to the systemic development of COPD.

Objective To develop a quick quantitative detecting method for point of care testing (POCT) of human serum procalcitonin (PCT) by fluorescence immunochromatographic technology.Methods Applying a double-antibody sandwich immunofluorescent assay (one antibody coated on the nitrocellulose membrane and the other antibody labeled with fluorescent micropaticles) to develop a PCT quantitative detecting kit by immunochromatography technology.The kit was used to test PCT in 472 serum samples from suspected bacterial infection patients of Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital,including 240 male and 232 female patients.The methodology and diagnostic performance were evaluated in the aspects of linearity,precision,accuracy,specificity,stability experiments and comparison with foreign PCT detecting kits.Results The report range of the PCT quantitative diagnostic kit was 0.1-125.0 μg/L The coefficient of variation (CV)values of repeat 20 tests for low,median,and high concentration control samples respectively were all less than 15％ and bias can be acceptable (P ＞ 0.05).Common interfering substances in human serum specimens such as bilirubin (2.0 g/L),triglyceride (30.0 g/L) and cholesterol (15.0 g/L) were found no significant affect on quantitative detection of PCT.The shelf time of the PCT diagnostic kit should be longer than 12 months as the relative deviation of detected concentrations of 0.5,1.0,22.0,65.0 μg/L PCTcontrol sample can be controlled less than 20％ within 14 months.Considering VIDAS BRAHMS PCT to be the standard quantitative test for PCT,472 serum samples were detected by both our kit and the control VIDAS BRAHMS PCT kit simultaneously,which showed high correlation (YVIDAS =0.180 + 1.006Xwondfo,R2 =0.988,P ＜ 0.01) and low deviation (Z =-1.6,P ＞ 0.05) without statistic significance between two methods.And the results of these two diagnostic kits showed good consistency as the area under curve of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of Wondfo-PCT at the three cut-off values (0.5,2.0,10.0 μg/L)were 0.997,0.994,0.998 respectively,P ＜ 0.01,using diagnostic result of the control product as standard.Kappa values were 0.899,0.905,0.973 respectively.Conclusions The method of quantitative detection of PCT by fluorescence immunochromatography for POCT was established in this study.All the observed indicators reached the clinical diagnostic requirements and can be applied for the quick detection of clinical human serum PCT.

To prepare rivastigmine liposome, rivastigmine was loaded into liposome via ammonium sulfate gradient method. Its pharmacokinetic profile in rats was evaluated after intranasal administration. The size, zeta potential, entrapped efficiency and release of rivastigmine from the liposome in vitro were determined. Plasma concentration of rivastigmine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) using antipyrine as internal standard. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.0. The entrapped efficiency of rivastigmine liposome was (33.41 +/- 6.58) %, with the mean diameter of 154-236 nm and zeta potential of (-10.47 +/- 2.41) mV. The release behavior of rivastigmine was fitting the first order equation in vitro. The pharmacokinetic studies indicated that the C(max), T(max) and AUC(0-infinity), of rivastigmine liposome were (1.50 +/- 0.15) mg x L(-1), 15 min and (89.06 +/- 8.30) mg x L(-') x min, respectively. Rivastimine liposome was absorbed rapidly, and could reach a certain concentration in rat plasma after intranasal delivery.

Background Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus,and vitrectomy is a main treatment.Exploring the influential factors of blood glucose fluctuation during perioperative duration is helpful for surgery.Objective The aim of this study was to explore glycolic fluctuation and its influential factors in PDR patients.Methods A retrospective cases-observational study was carried out.The clinical data of 100 PDR patients who received vitrectomy in Peking University People's Hospital from March to August in 2013 were collected,including 8 cases with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 92 cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The PDR patients were staged as Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ based on the criteria of The First National Fudus Conference.The body height,weight,history of hypertension,PDR stage,previous usage of insulin,glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level,admission blood pressure,blood glucose level in different time points and postoperative body positions were recorded,and perioperative anxiety was scored according to the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA).Repeated ANOVA was used to analyze blood glucose and anxiety at different time points.Results The linear regression analysis showed that the preoperative blood glucose level was lower in the patients who used insulin during perioperative period(r =-1.64,P＜0.05).HbA1 c level showed the positive correlations with the blood glucose level at different time points(all at P＜0.05).The waiting time for surgery had a positive correlation with the fasting blood glucose in the morning of operative day(r=0.54,P＜0.05),and the postoperative position primarily caused the raise of postoperative right blood glucose(r =1.10,P＜0.05).The anxiety score on admission presented with the positive correlations with the blood glucose levels at admission and 2 hours after breakfast,lunch and dinner on the first postoperative day (r=0.13,0.07,0.05,0.10,all at P ＜ 0.05),and the high anxiety scores at preoperation and postoperation induced the high blood glucose levels at the corresponding time points (r =0.14,0.16,both at P＜0.05).A positive correlation was found between the anxiety score and blood glucose fluctuation values (ρ=0.47,P＜0.01).The blood glucose values were significantly lower in the patients with normal HbA1c than those with high HbA1c (all at P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Remaining an ideal HbA1c level,establishing a good doctor-patient relationship and administering appropriate sedative drugs can ease the anxiety and improve the glycolic of PDR patients during preoperative duration.

Objective To explore the impact of the ratio between pelvic tilt (PT) and sacral slope (SS) on the life quality of patients with ankylosing spndylitis (AS) after kyphosis correction. Methods From November 2008 to May 2011, 33 AS pa?tients were reviewed, including 31 males and 2 females, aged from 19 to 58 years old (average, 36 years old). The thoracolumbar kyphosis angle was 35.23° ± 13.98° (range, 15.12°-74.37° ) and the lumbar lordosis angle was 8.68° ± 18.27° (range,-23.70°-62.15°). The Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)?22 questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of life and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) was used to evaluate the condition of pain. The pelvic incidence (PI), PT, SS, sagittal vertical axis (SVA) and osteoto?my angle were obtained from standing lateral full?spine radiographs. The correlations were analyzed from the subjective grading and the sagittal parameters in AS patients. Results The osteotomy site was in L1 (5 cases, 21.00°-54.59° , average 32.59° ± 13.44° ), L2 (19 cases, 28.63°-66.24° , average 37.89° ± 9.26° ), L3 (9 cases, 31.78°-60.90° , average 47.05° ± 9.20° ), respectively. The range of osteotomy angle was 39.59°±10.82° (range, 21.00°-66.24°). The subjective grading and spino?pelvic parameters were improved significantly after operation except PI, only postoperative PT/SS (0.93±0.65) and ODI standing (0.60±0.75)(r=0.681, P<0.05), osteotomy angle (39.59°±10.82°) and satisfaction of management (3.33±0.49)(r=0.478, P<0.05)had correlation with the subjective grading. Conclusion Compared with the change of PT, SS and SVA, the change of PT/SS is more closely related to the quality of life after operation in AS patients with kyphosis, which should be pay attention to by surgeon when designing operative schemes.

Purpose:The image information and technique of positron emitter nuclei generated by high energy X-ray photonuclear reactions with body tissues from MM50 is studied.It is explored to verify for dose delivery and location monitoring in tumor target after high energy photon radiation therapy with the image information.Materials and Methods:The technique is based on the photonuclear reactio-as in body tissues elemental composition ~(12)C,~(16)O and ~(14)N with high energy X-Ray,energies well above 20 MeV,resulting primarily in ~(11)C and ~(15)O but also ~(13)N.The induced positron activity distributions were scanned off-line in a PET/CT after irradiation.The activity distributions and position may be used to verify for dose delivery and location in tumor target.These radiations are similar to RT in three fields with some different dose delivery from TPS.The phantom began to be scanned off-line in a PET/CT a couple of minutes after irradiation.The scanning time is respectively 20 minutes and(2～5)mniutes for ~(12)C and ~(16)O.The levels of the beam energy are 10MV,25MV,50 MV.The extent of dose is 1.0 Gy～10.0 Gy.Since measured PET images change with time post irradiation,as a result of the different decay tim-es of the radionuclides,the signals from activated ~(12)C,~(16)O within the irradiated volume could be separated from each other.Most informationis obrained from the carbon and oxygen radionuclide's which the most abundant elements are in soft tissue.A brain phantom Rlade oneself was irradiated with high energy X-ray beams from IBA MM50.The 3D radiation treatment planning system,Nucletron-TPP 3.2,was used to calculate the delivered dose distributions.The phantom was directly simulated in the Nucletron-TPP after CT scan.PET/CT is fro-m GE Discovery LS Ⅱ.Resuits:It was confirmed that no activity was detected at 10 Mv X-ray energy,which was far below the energy threshold for photonuclear reactions.Totally 25 MV X-ray beams can produce photonuclear reactions and get to activity distributions images in PET/CT.It need to greater dose in order to good images information.For 50 MV X-ray beams,2 Gy-3 Gy dose,a normal RT dose,can get to activity distributions images.Conclusions:It was concluded that the PET-CT image acquired from the activity of the ~(15)O and ~(11)C positron emitter nuclei might provide the area and dose distribution information of 50 MV X-ray irradiation in a phantom.It can verify the in vivo dose delivery and location in tumor target after high energy X-ray RT.