Objective To evaluate the nutrition status and the prognosis of acute stroke patients with hy-pothyroidism during hospitalization. Methods The clinical data of 28 acute stroke patients with hypothyroidism (study group) and 28 stroke patients with normal thyroid function (control group) were retrospectively analyzed.Results After (10±4) days of hospitalization, hemoglobin and serum albumin levels in study group significantlydecreased ( P < 0. 05 ). The requirement of calories and protein, incidence of pulmonary infections, alimentarytract hemorrhage and diarrhea, and hospital stays were significantly higher in study group than in control group (P < 0. 05 ). Conclusion The nutrition status is poor in acute stroke patients with hypothyroidism, who were more easier to be suffered from clinical complications and worse prognosis.

Objective To study hypoxia environment trophoblast cell autophagy and autophagy of the preeclampsia placental tis-sue .Methods Trophoblastic cell line HTR-8/SVneo were divided into three groups :low oxygen concentration group (group Ⅰand group Ⅱ) and normal oxygen concentration group ;48 h after the application the confocal laser scanning microscopy was used for detection of cytoplasmic autophagosome ,PCR technology analysis of autophagy-related gene expression change of LC3-Ⅱ .LC3-Ⅱ expression levels of 30 cases of preeclampsia placenta were detected by Immunohistochemistry .Results In low oxygen concen-tration group ,there were visible red autophagosome chromatin structure in cytoplasm ,which was extremely rare in the normal oxy-gen concentration group ,in low oxygen concentration group cell LC3-Ⅱ mRNA expression was significantly higher than that of normal concentration group .The preeclampsia placenta of patients with positive immunostaining of LC 3-Ⅱ was 67 .12% ,compared with 9 .14% in the normal control ,there was a significant difference between two groups .Conclusion Preeclampsia placenta auto-phagy activity increased ,hypoxia can induce autophagy trophoblast cell line phenomenon .

Through comparison of teaching approach of problem-based learning (PBL) and subject-based learning in physiotherapy of rehabilitation sciences, it is important for lecturer to understand the inevitable trend of PBL in future, the choice of the subject and the requirement for the lectures and students when using this new method, the detailed teaching methods and the significance of application were also discussed in this article respectively.

It has a vital clinical implication in applying the bilingual education teaching approach in physiotherapy of rehabilitation sciences, it is inevitable trend for reforms in teaching approach of school system. The effect of bilingual education in teaching of physiotherapy of rehabilitation sciences was analyzed in this article. The inevitable trend for reforms in teaching approach of school system, the problems and strategies exited when applying the teaching approach of bilingual education were also discussed respectively, the teaching program of bilingual education were planned in detail.

Objective To evaluate the influence of up-regulation of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP 78)induced by 2-deoxyglucose(2DG)on fetal rat cerebral neuron apoptosis following intrauterine distress and the unification of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrium.Methods (1) Fetal rat intrauterine distress model was established and rats were divided into normal group(n=10),ischemiareperfusion(IR) group( n = 40) and treatment group ( n = 40, injection of 2DG into pregnant rats' abdomen after operation ). (2) Neuron apoptosis and the influence of 2DG on apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The expression of GRP78, caspase-9,-12,and cytoron C protein were detected by western blot technique. Results (1) The number of TUNEL positive neuron in normal group was 4. 3±1. 8 /mm2. The expression of GRP78,caspase-9,-12, cytoron C in cytoplasm were 0.012±0.003, 0.004±0.003, 0.006±0.002, 0.012±0. 005, respectively. (2) The number of TUNEL positive neuron in the IR group were 43.6±11.4/mm2( reperfusion 3 h), 64. 4±9. 3/mm2 (repeffusion 6 h), 74. 2±12. 1/mm2 ( repeffusion 12 h), 97. 3±8. 9 /mm2 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly more than that in normal group(P ＜0. 05).The expression of GRP78 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 092±0. 008 ( reperfusion 3 h), 0. 078±0.006 (reperfusion 6 h), 0.054±0.009 (reperfusion 12 h), 0.038±0.007 (reperfusion 24 h),respectively. The expression of cytoren C in cytoplasm at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 040±0. 006 (repeffusion 3 h), 0. 076±0. 009 (reperfusion 6 h), 0. 108±0. 005 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 089±0. 008 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. The expression of caspase-9 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 042±0. 003 ( reperfusion 3 h), 0. 086±0. 007 ( reperfusion 6 h ), 0. 142±0. 006 ( reperfusion 12 h), 0. 112±0. 009 ( reperfusion 24 h), respectively. The expression of caspase-12 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 076±0. 006 (reperfusion 3 h), 0. 113±0. 010 (reperfusion 6 h), 0. 125±0. 005 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 057±0. 008 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly higher than that in normal group(P＜0. 05). (3) The number of TUNEL positive neuron in the treatment group were 19.4±10. 6/mm2 ( reperfusion 3 h), 26. 4±12. 3/mm2 ( repeffusion 6 h), 39. 3±13.3/mm2 ( reperfusion 12 h), 49. 3±13. 6/mm2 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly lower than that in IR group, but more than that in normal group(P＜0. 05). The expression of GRP78 at corresponding times in the treatment group were 0. 158±0.012 (repeffusion 3 h), 0. 175±0. 005 (reperfusion 6 h), 0. 125±0. 013 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 079±0. 004 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively. They were significantly higher than that in IR group and normal group (P＜0. 05 ). The expression of cytoron C in cytoplasm at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 026±0. 002 (reperfusion 3 h), 0. 042±0. 008 (repeffusion 6 h),0. 062±0. 007 ( reperfusion 12 h), 0. 045±0. 004 ( reperfusion 24 h), respectively. The expression of caspase-9 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 033±0. 002 ( reperfusion 3 h), 0. 063±0. 005(reperfusion 6 h), 0. 092±0. 005 (reperfusion 12 h), 0. 068±0. 008 (reperfusion 24 h), respectively.The expression of caspase-12 at corresponding times in IR group were 0. 061±0. 004 ( reperfusion 3 h),0. 068±0. 009 ( reperfusion 6 h), 0. 072±0. 007 ( reperfusion 12 h), 0. 054±0. 005 ( repedusion 24 h),respectively. They were significantly lower than that in IR group, but higher than that in normal group(P＜0. 05). Conclusions Fetal rat cerebral neuron apoptosis following intrauterine distress is associated with the action of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrium. Up-regulation of GRP78 induced by 2DG counteracts primary cellular damage caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress. 2DG plays a protective role for fetal rat cerebral neuron following intrauterine distress.

Objective To investigate the amounts of endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs)in peripheral blood of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).Methods Forty patients with PDR(PDR group),thirty patmnts with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)without DR(DM group),and twenty agematched normal subjects(control group)were enrolled in this study.Blood samples were treated bv repeated centrifugation and stained with monoclonal antibodies.At least 2 × 105 cells were analyzed bv flow cytometry.EPCs were identified by CD34 and CD133 antibody.The correlation between EPCs numbers and DR duration,glycosylated hemoglobin,serum lipids was analyzed.Results The number of EPCs in PDR,DM and control group were(49±12)、(35±11)、(90±25)cells/ml respectively,the difference was statistically significant(F=56.260,P=0.000).There was a positive correlation between EPCs numbers and DR duration(r=0.564,P＜0.05).However there was no correlation between EPCs numbers and glycosylated hemoglobin(r=-0.170,P>0.05)or triglyceride levels(r=0.261,P>0.05).Conclusions The number of EPCs in peripheral blood of PDR patients was decreased. EPCs might play an important role in the pathogenesis of PDR.

Objective To investigate the effects of oestrogen-receptor(ER), progesterone-receptor(PR), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and kinase insert domaincontaining receptor(KDR) in uterine bleeding induced by intrauterine device(IUD). Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of ER, PR, VEGF and KDR in endometrium from IUD bleeding group and normal control group, respectively. Microvessel density(MVD) was evaluated by using anti factor Ⅷ-related antigen (F8-RA) antibody to mark stromal microvessels. Results The expressions of ER, VEGF and KDR were significantly higher in IUD-induced endometrium bleeding group than those in control group(P0.05). MVD was significantly higher in IUD-induced endometrium bleeding than that in normal endometrium(P

Objective To investigate the characteristic and diagnosis of left ventricular diverticulum. Meth-ods As one left ventricular diverticulum patient was diagnosed by echocardiography in our hospital,we reviewed and analyzed about published in China. Results Left ventricular diverticulum is a rare disease of congenital heart malfor-marion, Echocardiographic characteristics of the left ventricular diverticulum is the saccular evngination of the left ven-tricular wall with the neck of the diverticula being smaller than the body. Left ventricular diverticulum is classified into contractile muscular type and fibrous type ,The saccular wall of contractile muscular diverticulum remain a normal mo-tion and is thinner than the normal wall The saccular wall of the fibrous diverticulum is due to a loss of myocardial thickness, as thin as aneurysm with a dyskinetic motion. Conclusion Left ventricular diverticulum is a rare disease in clinic, echocardiography is very important for diagnosing classifying.

Background The retinal degeneration 11 (rd11) mouse is a newly discovered naturally occurring recessive animal model with lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (Lpcatl) mutation.Previous studies showed that the photoreceptor cells are characterized by typical rod-cone degeneration pattern in rd1 1 mice,while cone degeneration pattern in rd11 mice is unclcar.Objective Using immunofluorescence staining techniques with retinal wholemount,we aim to clarify the degeneration patterns of cone-function related M-opsin or S-opsin in different ages of rd1 1 mice.Methods A total of thirty rd1 1 and C57BL/6J mice at postnatal (P) day 14,28,42 (five in each age group) were sacrificed and retinal wholemounts were prepared.Immunohistochemistry was performed to identify the expression of M-opsin or S-opsin in retinal wholemounts,which were photographed with a fluorescent microscope.Cone opsins were compared between rd1 1 retinas and age-matched normal C57BL/6J retinas by manually counting the opsin positive cone cells in different quadrants of the retinas.Results The number of M-opsin or S-opsin positive fluorescent dots in each quadrant was similar at all ages of normal C57BL/6J retina.M-opsin positive fluorescent dots in dorsal/temporal,ventral/temporal,dorsal/nasal and ventral/nasal quadrants of rdl 1 retina at P28 were (414±32),(300± 8),(324 ± 22) and (250± 20)/0.037 mm2,which were lower than the age-matched normal C57BL/6J mice (t =4.114,15.225,7.505,17.990,all at P＜0.05).At the same time the S-opsin positive fluorescent dots in P28 rd11 were (8 ±4),(175 ± 16),(74 ± 13) and (315 ±20)/0.037 mm2,with significant decrease in comparison with those in the age-matched normal C57BL/6J mice (t =8.555,17.076,21.637,13.498,all at P＜0.05).With the development of retinal degeneration in rd11 mice,the M-opsin degeneration spread from central to ventral,nasal and then to temporal and dorsal peripheral retina;and the S-opsin loss started from dorsal/temporal to ventral/nasal retina.Conclusions Most of the M-opsin and S-opsins,especially the S-opsins in rd11 mice,degenerate in 6 weeks.Retinal wholemount and cone opsin immunofluorescent staining provide a useful tool to show the cone degeneration pattern and to evaluate the therapeutic efficiency in ongoing gene therapy study.

Background Trans-corneally subretinal injection in rodent model is a useful method for genetic therapy,stem cell transplantation and the study on the ophthalmic research.Standarized operation process is critical for the successful treatment.However,there is no literature to report the detailed procedure and the influence of this technique on morphology and function of retina.Objective This sudy was to introduce a method of trans-corneally subretinal injection and evaluate its influence on the morphology and function of retina.Methods Trans-corneallly subretinal injection was performed on the left eyes of 2-month-old SPF C57BL/6J mice after dilation of pupils.A 301/2G disposable needle was used to puncture the cornea within the pupil area near limbus and avoid touching the lens and irises under eye surgery microscope.Then,a 33G blunt needle was used to insert into the vitreous and toward subretinal space via corneal puncture.Normal saline with 0.1％ fluorescein sodium of 1 μl was slowly injected into the space,and 2.5％ hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was dropped on ocular surface for the observation of the fundus clearly.According to the percentage of the retina filled with subretinally injected solution,the experimental eyes were divided into 80％-100％ area group,50％-70％ area group after injection,and the mice in the pseudo-injected group,in which injection procedure stopped just before the solution was pushed in to the subretinal space did not inject any solution after punctured.The right uninjected eyes of the mice served as normal control group.Four eyes were selected for each group.The structural changes were evaluated by optical coherance tomograpby (OCT) 1 day,2 days,3 days and 5 weeks after injection,and retinal function was assessed by the recored of electroretinography (ERG) 5 weeks after injection.The retinal sepcimens were prepared to examin the morphological changes by hematoxylin and esosin staning.The use of care followd the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals of Zhejiang Province.Results About 70％ of the injected eyes showed that retinal blebs filled with injected green fluorescein solution occupied 50％ or more retinal area with minimal damages.The focal detachment between neurosensory retinal layer and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) was exhibited 1 day postinjection,and almost all the retinas retached 2 days after injection.In the fifth week after injection,the amplitudes of ERG b wave were (386.25±37.88),(357.50±41.03),(324.25±53.45) and (410.50±14.88) μV in the sham operation group,50％-70％ area group,80％-100％ area group and normal control group,respectively,showing a significant difference among the 4 groups (F=3.574,P=0.047),and the amplitudes of b wave in the normal control group were higher than those in the 80％-100％ area group (all at P ＜ 0.05).The detachment between retinal neuroepithelium layer and RPE layer,cell proliferation and transposition in the outer nuclear layer were dispalyed under the light microscope in the sham operation group,50％-70％ area group and 80％-100％ area group,and the disordered outer segment of photoreceptors at the injecting area was seen in the 50％-70％ area and 80％-100％ area groups at five weeks after injection.However,retinal sructure and morphology were normal at the non-injection area.Conclusions Trans-corneally subretinal injection is an effective and safe way for subretinal injection.