Enterovirus type 71(EV71) causes severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD) resulting in hundreds of deaths of children every year; However,currently,there is no effective treatment for EV71.In this study,the EV71 poly-protein(EV71-P1 protein) gene was processed and cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pPIC9k and then expressed in Pichia pastoris strain GS115.The EV71 P1 pretein with a molecular weight of 100 kD was produced and secreted into the medium.The soluble EV71 P1 protein was purified by column chromatography with a recovery efficiency of 70％.The result of the immunological analysis showed that the EV71 P1 protein had excellent immunogenicity and could stimulate the production of EV71-VP1 IgG antibody in injected rabbits.We suggest that EV71-P1 protein is an ideal candidate for an EV71 vaccine to prevent EV71 infection.

Objective To study the clinicopathological features of syringomatous adenoma of the nipple (SAN).Methods The clinical,histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of four cases of SAN were described,with a review of the literature.The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of SAN were also discussed.Results Among the four patients,three were female,and one was male.The mean age at onset was 42 years,and clinical course ranged from 3 months to 10 years.Clinically,SAN was manifested as an asymptomatic subcutaneous nodule,which was located in the areola of breast of female patients and in the right armpit of the male patient.Histopathologically,the tumor was located in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue,composed of nests and cords of epithelial cells forming tubular structures and infiltrating the indurated stroma between smooth muscle bundles.These tubules were lined by two layers of cells and displayed a comma or tadpole shape.Keratotic microcysts were seen.Immunohistochemically,the tumor cells stained positive for cytokeratin,cytokeratin 5/6,Ki67 (1％),but negative for estrogen receptor,progesterone receptor,CerbB2,cytokeratin 8/18,P53 and gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15).The peritubular myoepithelial cells expressed P63 and smooth muscle actin (SMA).Conclusions SAN is a rare benign tumor,which is often confused with some benign and malignant carcinomas of the breast.

Objective To explore the relationship between pulse pressure (PP) and artery atherosclerosis in elders. Methods Totally 2358 eiders( > 60y) with the risk factors of artery atherosclerosis from Yangpu District DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1008-6315.2009.09.006Central Hospital and 11 Community Health Service Centers were enrolled . The basic information includes age, sex, height,body mass, history of smoking, blood pressure, heart rate, history of coronary heart disease, ischemic stoke, chronic kidney diseases and diabetes,etc. The fasting blood sugar(FBS) ,blood lipid( total cholesterel,triglyceride, low-density lipreprotein, high-deusity liproprotein), serum creatinine, serum uric acid, serum alanine aminotransferase were measured. The elders were divided into two groups according to the PP( PP <60 mm Hg and PP≥60 mm Hg) to analyse the relationship between PP and age, BMI, SBP, DBP, HR, FBS, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, Cr, Ccr, UA, AST and history of coronary heart disease,ischemic stoke,chronic renal disease, and diabetes. Results Serum levels of FBS,TC,TG, LDL-C, UA in the group with PP less than 60 nun Hg were ( 5.6±1.7 ) mmol/L, (4.3±1.3 ) mmol/L, ( 1.5±1.2) mmol/L, ( 2.5±1.1 ) mmol/L, UA ( 246.8±131.2 ) μmol/L, that in the group with PP over or equal to 60 mm Hg group were (6.3±2.6) mmol/L, (4.8±1.2) mmol/L, ( 1.9±1.1 ) mmol/L, (2.9±1.2) mmol/L, (291.4±133.6) μmol/L, Serum levels of FBS, TC, TG, LDL-C, UA in the group with PP over 60 mm Hg were obviously elevated as compared with that in the group with PP lower than 60 ram Hg(P <0.01 ) ; The preven-lence rates of coronary heart disease ischemic stoke,chronic,renal disease, diabetes in the group with PP less than 60 mm Hg were 10.8% ,26.0%, 12.4%, 17.6%, that in the group with PP over or equal to 60 mm Hg group were 17.8% 、31.7% ,16.9% ,23.8% (P <0.01 ). The preveulence of coronary heart disease ischemic stoke,chronic re-nal disease, diabetes were significandy increased in the group with PP over or equal to 60 mm Hg group. Logistic re-gression analysis showed PP was closely related to FBS, BMI, age, LDL-C, UA, HDL-C ( β = 0.103,0.093.0.097, 0.089 ,0.076 , - 0.057, P < 0.05 ). Conclusions For those elders with the basis of artery atherosclerosis, high PP can inhance the development of artery atheresclerosis and also inhance the occurance and development of cardio-ce-rebrovascular and renal diseases.

Objective To design a simple and easy to operate new position radiography as same effect as the ordinary lateral position of the hip joint.Methods Using different angles for bone model radiography, the tilt angle of X-ray and the bone model were measured in order to obtain that the femoral head and neck was fully displayed.30 subjects with hip joint disease underwent routine and improved lateral radiography of the hip joint were enrolled, and the actual operations and image quality of the two methods were compared.Results The tilt angle of X-ray was 35°-45°,and the tilt angle of the bone model was 60°-70°, and the score was 3.The new lateral radiography of the hip joint was feasible,the display rate of the articular surface and joint space were 96.7%,the display rate of the femoral head and neck all were 100%,the display rate of the greater trochanter of femur was 80%,the display rate of the lesser trochanter was 100%.Conclusion The improved method of hip joint lateral position of X-ray can better show the femoral head, neck and the rest of the bone.

AIM: To observe the clinical effects of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide ( TA ) before vitrectomy for retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment. · METHODS: Totally 23 cases ( 23 eyes ) of retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment in our hospital were treated by intravitreal injection of TA 4-5d before 23-Gauge micro-invasive vitrectomy combined with silicone oil injection. All the cases were followed up between 6 to 9mo. The anatomic retinal reattachment, visual acuity, intraocular pressure and postoperative complications were observed and analyzed. ·RESULTS: After the surgery, the visual acuity of all patients were improved, with 9 eyes better than 0. 3 (39%), and 18 eyes better than 0. 05 (78%). The BCVA at 1wk, 1 and 3mo and last follow up were different compared with before operations (P<0. 05). The mean intraocular pressure was 4. 02±1. 47mmHg before injection, 13.69±4. 68mmHg before operation (P<0. 05), and17.72±5.87 mmHg after operation (P<0.05). The retina of all patients treated were reattached 2wk post-operatively. The retinal reattachment rate after the primary surgery and the secondary surgery was 87% and 100%, respectively. Post-operative complications included 7 eyes of transient high intraocular pressure, occurred during 12-14d after operations and returned to normal after less glucocorticoid eye drops and giving IOP lowering drugs. There were no intraocular hemorrhage, iatrogenic retinal breaks, infections, or lens injuries. · CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of TA before vitrectomy for retinal detachment associated with choroidal could improve the clinical effects, and decrease the difficulty of surgery while the injection itself is pretty safe.

AIM:To observe the efficacy and safety of 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution in the partial substitution of glucocorticoid after laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK).METHODS: Totally 104 cases (208 eyes) were received LASEK, which were selected and divided into study group and control group.The study group were adopted 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution combined with tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops and fluorometholone eye drops, the control group were adopted tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops and fluorometholone eye drops.The changes of visual acuity and intraocular pressure of two groups were recorded before and after surgery, and the score of painness and the occurrence of haze were observed after surgery.RESULTS: At postoperative 1, 2, 3d, respectively, the pain score of the study group were 1.70±0.35, 1.25±0.34, 0.82±0.32, the pain score of the control group were 2.30±0.43, 1.68±0.44, 1.12±0.33, the differences were significant (P<0.05).Before and at 2wk, 1, 3mo after surgery, respectively, uncorrected visual acuity of study group were 0.035±0.02, 0.71±0.13, 0.89±0.17, 0.88±0.18, while which of control group were 0.037±0.015, 0.73±0.15, 0.87±0.14, 0.86±0.15 (P>0.05), and the differences were not significant(P>0.05).At preoperative and postoperative 1, 2wk, 1 and 3mo of surgery, respectively, the intraocular pressure of study group were 17.33±1.58, 7.54±1.28, 7.23±1.58, 7.26±1.47, and 7.30±1.36 mmHg;the intraocular pressure of control group were 17.53±1.43,7.57±1.32,7.73±1.55,7.80±1.38,7.86±1.43 mmHg,the differences were not significant between before and at 2wk after surgery(P>0.05), the differences were significant between the two groups at 2wk, 1mo and 3mo (P<0.05).At postoperative 1, 3mo of surgery, the score of haze level of the study group were 91.7% and 93.3%, respectively and which in control group were 92.0% and 92.9%, respectively, and the differences were not significant between the two groups at every time point(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: It is safe and effective that 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution in the partial substitution of glucocorticoid after laser subepithelial keratomileusis.The patient has a lower intraocular pressure, has similar therapeutic effect as glucocorticoid in vision and antiinflammatory.

Osteoarthritis (Osteoarthritis, OA) is a common clinical degenerative joint disease with increased incidence rate in recent years. Animal experiment is one of the important ways to explore pathogenesis and treatment of OA, while induced animal model is the most important part in animal experiment. Intra-articular injection of drugs is a classical method for establishing animal model of OA. Choose of animal should follows the principle of correlation, appropriateness and practicability, injections should perform in accordance with experimental purposes and subject, detections means and evaluation methods also should corresponding to experimental reality. The gold standard of OA animal model and intra-articular injections has not build, need further study.
Animals ; Cytokines ; analysis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Injections, Intra-Articular ; Mice ; Osteoarthritis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; immunology ; Rabbits ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Xinnao Shutong capsule (XNST) on energy metabolism dysfunction, free radical injury and inflammatic factors in the course of acute cerebral ischemic damage, and try to reveal the mechanism of the protection against ischemia.

METHOD60 male Wistar rats weighing 280 - 320 g were randomly divided into five groups: normal, sham operation, model, XNST treatment( XNST-T) , and Western medicine treatment (WM-T) group. Acute multi-infarct model in rats was induced by injecting the embolus of blood powder through the right external carotid artery (ECA) into the internal carotid artery (ICA). At 72 hours after ischemia, morphologic change and the express of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin -1beta ( IL-1beta) in hippocampus CAl section and cortex were observed, biochemical criterions including the activity of Na+ -K+ -ATPase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in hippocampus were examined.

RESULTThe morphologic change of hippocampus and cortex in both XNST-T and WM-T groups was milder than that in model group. The activity of Na+ -K+ -ATPase, LDH and SOD in hippocampus were all significantly decreased in model group (P <0. 01), and elevated in XNST group (P <0. 01) as well as in WM-T group (P <0. 01). The content of MDA in hippocampus was significantly increased in model group (P <0. 05), and was reduced in XNST group (P <0. 05) as well as in WM-T group (P <0. 01).

CONCLUSIONThe results reveal that XNST has the protective effect against cerebral ischemic injury. And its possible mechanism is that XNST can prevent the upper pathological process.

Animals ; Brain Infarction ; complications ; Brain Ischemia ; etiology ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Saponins ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tribulus ; chemistry

AIM: To evaluate the clinical effects of secondary suspensory foldable intraocular lens ( IOL ) implanted in aphakia eyes after vitrectomy.? METHODS: The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 25 eyes of 25 patients treated with secondary suspensory intraocular lens implantation after vitrectomy. The surgery was performed through a incision 2. 4mm away from corneal edge, followed by solarometer positioning 8:00 and 2:00, and foldable intraocular lens was loaded and implanted by an injector, after that suspension line knot of lens was made, which length was equal to the distance between the loops of intraocular lens. The intraocular lens was fixed to sclera by a "W"shaped suspension suture. The patients were followed up for 3 ～ 26mo postoperatively, and visual acuity, intraocular pressure, cornea, anterior chamber reaction, intraocular lens position, fundus were observed.? RESULTS: All patients received preoperatively best corrected visual acuity at 1wk after surgery, and the refractive condition was within ± 1. 5 DC. The intraocular pressure was all normal. The number of corneal endothelial cells ( n/mm2 ) was 2394. 33 ± 201. 31 before surgery, and was 2283. 30±217. 82 at 3mo(P>0. 05). The percentage of corneal hexagonal endothelials was 52. 67％±6. 28％ preoperatively, and came to 51. 81％± 6. 41％ at 3mo ( P>0. 05 ). The central corneal thickness (mm) was 541.10±40.31 at the beginning, and was 543.10 ±41. 77 at 3mo (P>0. 05). Small amount of bleeding under choroid occurred in one eye, and intraocular lens dropped into vitreous body in another. Dislocation or shifting of intraocular lens, corneal decompensation or retinal detachment was not observed.? CONCLUSION: The clinical effect of secondary suspensory foldable intraocular lens implanted in aphakia eyes after vitrectomy was satisfactory. Minimal invasive surgery through small incision and accurate implantation are applied to increase safety while reducing complications, thus improve the effects of surgery.

OBJECTIVETo find out a set of practical,objective, and quantitative laboratory indices of climacteric syndrome (CS) patients of Shen deficiency syndrome (SDS), thus studying the essence of SDS from the perspective of laboratory medicine.

METHODSRecruited were 40 CS patients of SDS (or of SDS as main syndrome) as the SDS group, while another 40 healthy subjects were recruited as the control group. Their serum samples were collected. Serum levels of total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (TESTO), estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), progesterone (PROG), cortisol (CORT), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (lgG), Complement 3 (C3), complement hemolysis 50% (CH50), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), aldosterone (ALD), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bone Gla-protein (BGP) were measured by automatic electrochemical luminescence assay analyzer, automatic chemiluminescence assay analyzer, automatic biochemistry analyzer, and automatic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyzer. The correlation between syndrome types and laboratory indices were judged by gradual discriminant analyses.

RESULTS(1) Compared with the control group,serum levels of CORT, TESTO, E2, TT3, FT3, FT4, TSH, C3, CH50, ALP, and BGP significantly decreased in the SDS group (P < 0.01, P < 0. 05), while FSH, LH, and ACE significantly increased (P < 0.05). (2) The index with stronger capacity for diagnosing CS patients of SDS was ranked from high to low as CH50, PROG, TSH, TESTO, BGP, CORT, and C3, with their contribution rate of the discriminant function being 95.9%. (3) Discriminant analysis equation of CS patients of SDS was Y = -25.904 - 0.468CH50 + 0.002PROG + 0.182TSH + 9.690TESTO + 1.015BGP + 0.016CORT + 33.581 C3.

CONCLUSIONS(1) CS patients of SDS were closely correlated with thyroid hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, renin-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,the immune function, and bone formation, and etc. (2) CH50 might be of a high sensibility marker for diagnosing CS patients of SDS. (3) Discriminant analysis equations of laboratory medicine index may be used in preliminary diagnosis and auxiliary certificate of CS patients of SDS.

Case-Control Studies ; Climacteric ; metabolism ; Discriminant Analysis ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; blood ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; Progesterone ; metabolism ; Prolactin ; blood ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; Testosterone ; blood ; Thyrotropin ; blood ; Thyroxine ; blood ; Triiodothyronine ; blood