OBJECTIVETo analyze the effect of Chinese herbs used by Prof. LI Tao on peripheral blood T subsets in treating multiple sclerosis (MS) by using association rules and statistical methods, thereby providing evidence for optimizing prescriptions.

METHODSData of MS inpatients and outpatients recorded by data collecting system, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences were resorted. The relationship between Chinese herbs and T cell subsets were analyzed using SPSS17.0 and Aprior module in SPSS Clementine 12.0.

RESULTSRadix bupleuri, Radix Paeoniae alba, Fructus Aurantii, Atractylodes, and Radix Glycyrrhizae were most commonly used herbal combinations.Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma Smilacis glabrae were often added. Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata was associated with decreased Th1 cells (confidence level 83.78%, supportive level 36.26%). Decreased Th1 cell was associated with Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata (confidence level 71.26%, supportive level 36.26%).Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata was obviously associated with decreased Th1 cells. Radix Bupleuri, Radix Paeoniae alba, bitter orange, Atractylodes , Radix glycyrrhizae, and Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata could reduce peripheral blood Th1 subsets of MS patients and elevate Th2 subsets (all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe herbal combination of Radix Bupleuri, Radix Paeoniae alba, Fructus Aurantii, Atractylodes, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Rhizoma Smilacis glabrae, and Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata could lower peripheral blood Th1 cells and elevate Th2 cells, and prevent the relapse of MS possibly by reducing Th1 cells and elevating Th2 cells. Especially Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata played important roles in aforesaid changes of Th1 and Th2.

Aconitum ; chemistry ; Atractylodes ; chemistry ; Bupleurum ; chemistry ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Humans ; Multiple Sclerosis ; therapy ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Smilacaceae ; chemistry ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects

In order to optimize acupuncture protocol for stephenipodia after stroke, related papers of the recent 20 years are retrieved. Interrelated factors which may influence the therapeutic effect of acupuncture are analyzed through the aspects such as acupoints, needling methods and opportunities of acupuncture. It is held that importance should be attached on relation between acupoints and anatomy during acupoint selection. Different acupuncture protocol can be adopted in different phases of stephenipodia according to its time of occurrence. And it is found that the combination of acupuncture and rehabilitation can reinforce the therapeutic effect. Relationship between effect of acupuncture and patient's condition, acupoint selection and prescription, acupuncture manipulations (including directions, angles, reinforcing and reducing, quantity of stimulus) are worth to be further studied. On the base of the above all mentioned studies, optimization can be carried out on selection of acupoints and acupuncture manipulations. And therapeutic effect can be enhanced when the optimized acupuncture protocol is combined with rehabilitation therapies.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Foot Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Stroke ; complications

A fusion protein of glucagons-like peptide-1 and human serum albumin (GLP-1/HSA) was expressed and secreted into the fermentation broth with recombinant Pichia pastoris. The productivity of expressed GLP-1/HSA could reach 63.6mg/L in 10L fermentor. After concentrated with hollow-fiber ultrafiltration membrane, GLP-1/HSA was purified from fermentation broth by hydrophobic chromatography, negative ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography in turn. The HPLC analysis showed that the purified GLP-1/HSA had an overall purity of 95.8%. Furthermore, the analysis of in vivo activity indicated that GLP-1/HSA had the bioactivity of native GLP-1, and could significantly reduce blood glucose level 4h after intraperitoneal administration. It was concluded that a great deal of GLP-1/HSA with higher purity could be harvested by Pichia pastoris expression system and the established purification methods. Preliminary studies show a new potential for developing the long-acting GLP-1 analogs for clinical applications.

Objective To study the significance and value of imaging typing by analyzing the correlation between contrast-enhanced ultrasound perfusion imaging typing and vascularization in patients with primary hepatocellular cancer.Methods The early enhanced arterial phase reflecting angioarchitecture,and the size and edge of enhanced tumor closely related to microvessel distribution, position and density, were observed and analyzed in 89 patients (113 lesions).All the cases were pathologically proved, and some received immunohistochemisty staining and the microvessel density were recorded.Results The perfusion imagings were classified into 4 types according to changes on contrast-enhanced ultrasound,dendritic,mixed,circular and net-like type.Atypia vessels were commonly seen in dendritic type,and Ⅲ and Ⅳ accounted for 79.1%.The microvessel density was higher than the other types.The circular type was relatively regular and Ⅲ and Ⅳ accounted for 12.5%.The microvessel density was lower than the other types.Combined with the contrast-enhanced ultrasound perfusion imaging and compared with pathological grading,growing methods and microvessel density, the dendritic type was characterized by infiltrative growth, and had strong invasion tendency.The circular type was characterized by expansive growth.And the other two types were characterized by transitional type.Conclusions Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can reflect the angioarchiteeture, the microvessel density and the position,and it is related to the pathological grading and growing methods.

Objective To investigate the effects of intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IIR) on the progression of inflammatory reaction in hemorrhagic necrosis pancreatitis (HNP).Methods Eighty rats were randomly divided into sham operation (SO) group,acute edematous pancreatitis (AEP) group,AEP + IIR group and HNP group according to the random number table.Erythrocyte velocity (EV),functional capillary density (FCD) and leukocyte adherence (LA) were observed at 0,1,2,3 and 6 hours after the models were completed.The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected.All data were analyzed by using the analysis of variance or the t test.Results The level of EV in the AEP group significantly decreased at 1 hour,and got increased at 3 hours,while the level of EV in the AEP group was still significantly lower than that in the SO group ( t =9.60,P ＜ 0.05 ).The levels of EV in the AEP + IIR group and HNP group constantly decreased,and increased at 6 hours,but were continually lower than that in the AEP group ( t =6.03,6.12,P ＜0.05 ).The level of FCD in the AEP group was significantly lower than that in the SO group at 3 hours ( t =8.20,P＜0.05).The levels of FCD in the AEP + IIR group and HNP group were significantly lower than that in the AEP group at 3 hours (t =35.60,23.80,P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with AEP group,the level of LA in the AEP group was significantly increased at 1 hour ( t =75.00,P ＜ 0.05 ) and reached peak at 3 hours.The levels of LA in the AEP + IIR group and HNP group were significantly higher than that in the AEP group at 1,2,3,6 hours (t =23.00,29.50,53.00,38.70,23.10,48.20,39.20,47.50,P＜0.05).Compared with SO group,the level of TNF-α in the AEP group significantly increased since l hour (t =77.00,P ＜ 0.05),and began to decrease at 3 hours; the levels of TNF-α in the AEP +IIR group and HNP group at 2 hours were significantly higher than that in the AEP group (t =23.50,18.10,P＜0.05).The levels of IL-6 in the AEP group at 1,2,3,6 hours were significantly higher than those in the SO group ( t =93.50,146.00,243.60,209.20,P ＜ 0.05 ).The levels of IL-6 in the AEP + IIR group and HNP group at 1 hour were not significantly different from that in the AEP group ( t =2.30,2.03,P ＞ 0.05),while the levels of IL-6 in the AEP + IIR group and HNP group at 2 hours were significantly higher than that in the AEP group (t =35.63,29.80,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion IIR may enhance the inflammatory reaction of AEP and IIR might be one of the factors to exaggerate the inflammatory reaction of HNP.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of immune regulating nutrition on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with SAP who were admitted to the Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from February 2008 to October 2009 were prospectively analyzed. The 80 patients were equally divided into conventional nutrition (CN) group and immune regulating nutrition (IRN) group. Patients in the CN group received CN support, while patients in the IRN group were supplemented with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA ) and glutamine at the basis of CN support.APACHE Ⅱ scores were evaluated at day 1, 4, 7, 10, 14 in the course of treatment. The differences in the incidence of pulmonary and abdominal infection, sepsis, and other clinical parameters including operation intervention, mortality, length of ICU and hospital stay between the two groups were compared. All data were analyzed using the t test and chi-square test. Results The APACHE Ⅱ scores of patients in the IRN group were 15.3 ± 1.8 and 9.0 ± 1.8 at day 4 and 7, which were significantly lower than 20.0 ± 2.7 and 13.3 ± 2.4 in the CN group, respectively (t = 3.3, 2. 8, P < 0.05). The APACHE Ⅱ scores of patients in the IRN group at day 10and 14 were also lower than those in the CN group, while there was no significant difference (t =0. 7, 0. 6, P>0.05). The incidences of pulmonary and abdominal infection and surgical intervention rate in the IRN group were 18% (7/40), 13% (5/40) and 5% (2/40), which were significantly lower than 38% (15/40), 33% (13/40)and 20% (8/40) in the CN group, respectively (χ2 =4.0, 4.6, 4.1, P<0.05). The incidence of sepsis in the IRN group was 5% (2/40), which was lower than 8% (3/40) of the CN group, while there was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 =0.0, P >0.05 ). The average lengths of ICU and hospital stay in the IRN group were (5.4 ± 1.6 ) days and ( 38.6 ± 9.3 ) days, which were significantly lower than ( 7.8 ± 2.8 ) days and (43.1 ± 1 1.6) days in the CN group, respectively ( t = 2. 7, 3. 7, P < 0.05 ). The morality was 5% (2/40) in the IRN group and 8% (3/40) in the CN group, with no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 =0.0,P >0.05). Conclusion CN support supplemented with ω-3 PUFA and glutamine can adjust the inflammation reaction of SAP and sustain the normal immune function, which is helpful in decreasing the incidence of severe infection.

Background Researches showed that wild-type p53(wtp53)and Rb94 genes inhibit the growth of retinoblastoma(RB),and these genes are involved in signal pathway in the induction and maintenance of cellular senescence.Thus the combination of two genes to inhibit growth of RB is concerned.Objective This study was to observe the inhibitory effect of the co-transfection of Rb94 and wtp53 gcnc into subretina on RB with ultrasound microbubble.Methods HXO-Rb44 suspension was subretinally injected to establish the RB model in 40 SPF female Balb/c nude mice.The RB models were randomized into model control group,wtp53 group,Rb94 group and wtp53+Rb94 group,and 0.1 ml relevant gene microvesicle suspension was injected via caudal vein in the different groups,but no any gene was used in the model control group.Seven days after modeling,followed by 0.5 W/cm2ultrasonic wave irradiated the eyeballs immediately for 4 seconds ×2 times and interrupted for 24 seconds.Eyeballs were extracted 7 days after gene transfection,and the expressions of wtp53 mRNA and Rb94 mRNA in tumor tissuc were detected by RT-PCR,and wtp53 and Rb94 protein in tumor tissue were assayed using Western blot.Immunochemistry was used to exam the VEGF expression,and TUNEL was used to evaluate the apoptosis of the tumor cells.Results The model successful rate after HXO-Rb44 suspension was 80％ (32/40)and obvious malformation cells were seen under the light microscope.In 7 days after gene transfection,no response band for wtp53 mRNA and Rb94 mRNA were found.The relative expression valuc of wtp53 mRNA was 0.65±0.07 in the wtp53 group,and that in wtp53+Rb94 group was 0.32±0.02,showing a significant difference between them (t =11.743,P =0.000).Rb94mRNA relative value was 0.42 ±0.03 in Rb94 group,and that in the wtp53 + Rb94 group was 0.23 ± 0.03,with a significant difference(t=5.041,P=0.001).The response bands of wtp53 and Rb94 proteins were seen in wtp53group,Rb94 group and wtp53+Rb94 group.Immunochemistry showed that the positive reactive intensity for VEGF in tumor tissue was obviously weaker in wtp53+Rb94 group than that in the wtp53 group,Rb94 group and model control group.Apoptotic index(Al) was 37.35±2.14 in the wtp53+Rb94 group,showing a significant increase in comparison with model control group (0.46 ± 0.05),wtp53 group (5.05 ± 0.80) and Rb94 group (6.43 ± 1.02) (t =-34.395,-28.206,-26.006,P＜0.01).Conclusions Ultrasound microvesicle enable double gene transfecting into RB tumor tissue,and Rb94 gene cooperation with wtp53 gene enhance the inhibitory effect on RB by promoting the apoptosis of RB cells.

Objective To study the effect of lung cancer prevention in Baoji city, one of the cities with high lung cancer morbidity in China. Methods To investigate the mortality of lung cancer from 1992 to 1996 in Baoji and compare it with the data of Baoji in 1970s and the current data in whole China. Information of lung cancer pa- tients was collected from the Malignant Tunout Monitoring Station in Baoji. To investigate by sampling survey the status of smoking of Baoji population based on the principle of clustering random sampling. Information about air pollution in 1980s and 1990s was obtained from the Environmental Monitoring Station in Baoji. ResultsComparing with 1970s, the crude mortality rates of lung cancer in Baoji in 1992～ 1996 increased both in males and females,but the range was narrower than that in whole China. Ajusted mortality rates of lung cancer didn＇t change in females but decreased in males. However, either crude or adjusted mortality rate was lower than the average level of the whole country. The status of air pollution has been improved dramatically since the early 1980s in Baoji. So far, except to- tal suspended particles (TSP), NOx and SO2 levels have reached the Criteria of Air Quality of China. But the smoking rate was still higher. ConclusionThe prevention of lung cancer in Baoji is effective, but the role of measures needs further study. Baoji should not be considered as a city with high lung cancer morbidity in our country at present.

Objective To evaluate the surgical modalities and prognosis in elderly patients with gastric cancer.Methods Sixty three gastric cancer patients aged ≥≥ 75 years underwent radical surgery,with D0 + D1 resection in 32 cases and D2 resection in 31 cases,in Beijing Hospital from January 2005 to December 2009.Results More lymph nodes were dissected in D2 group than those in D0 + D1 group (27.42 ± 12.75 vs.14.59 ± 12.11,t =-4.095,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in postoperative complication rate [25.81％ (8/31) vs.31.25％ (10/32),x2 =0.095,P ＞ 0.05] and perioperative death rate [3.23％ (1/31) vs.6.25％ (2/32),x2 =0.324,P ＞ 0.05] between two groups.The 5-year survival rate was higher in D2 group than that in D0 ± D1 group (47.3％ vs.21.4％,x2 =6.346,P ＜ 0.05).The 5-year survival rate was higher in POSSUM score (PS) ＜ 20 group than that in PS≥20 group (46.3％ vs.11.1％,x2 =5.492,P ＜0.05).In PS≥20 group,postoperative complication rate did not increase after D2 radical resection(1/8 vs.3/10,x2 =0.824,P ＞ 0.05).Univariate analysis showed that PS ＜ 20 was associated with the prognosis of patients (x2 =5.492,P ＜ 0.05).Cox proportional hazards model showed that lymph node metastasis (OR=4.103,95％ CI:1.790-9.405,P ＜ 0.05) and D2 radical gastrectomy(OR =0.313,95％ CI:0.158-0.620,P ＜ 0.05) were the independent factors associated with the prognosis of patients aged ≥ 75 years with gastric cancer (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Standardized D2 lymph node dissection is beneficial for gastric cancer patients aged ≥75 years.PS ＜ 20,lymph node metastasis and D2 radical gastrectomy are associated with the prognosis of patients.

Purpose To investigate the influence on shear wave velocity (SWV) by different probe frequency, scanline angle and ROI depth. Materials and Methods The elasticity QA Phantoms was used in the study. First the SWV was measured by curve probe at depths of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm, 7 cm and 8 cm. The scanline angle changed from 0°from midline, 1°-15°, 16°-30°and 31°-45°. Then the SWV was measured again by using line probe at depths of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm and 4 cm. The measured data were analyzed statistically. Results The SWV showed difference by using the two probes (P<0.05). As depth increased, the measurement by curve probe changed from overestimate to underestimate, while the measurement by line probe always showed underestimate from standard value. When the curve probe was used, the angle and depth affected SWV interactively (F=85.87 and 35.96, P<0.01), and had interactive effects (F=17.63, P<0.01). When the scanline angle was within 15°, the angle had little inlfuence upon the measurement. When the scanline angle was 0 °, the measurement was the closest to the standard value at the depth of 4 cm, and the maximum deviation occurred at the depth of 5 cm. The inlfuence of depth upon measurement had signiifcant difference when the line probe was used (P<0.05). The measurement was the closest to the standard value at the depth of 1 cm, and the maximum deviation occurred at the depth of 4 cm. Conclusion Factors like probe frequency, scanline angle and ROI depth can affect the SWV. When the curve probe is used, the accurate measurement occurs at the depth of 4 cm when the scanline angle is within 15°. When the line probe is used, the accurate measurement occurs at the depth of 1 cm.