Objective To explore CTA characteristics of diabetic lower extremities arterial disease (LEAD) with different Fontaine stage.Methods Data of 100 patients clinically diagnosed as diabetic LEAD and underwent lower limbs arterial CTA were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were classified into grade Ⅰ-Ⅳ according to Fontaine classifications.Lower extremities arteries were graded according to CTA.Stenosis degree of lower extremity arteries in different Fontaine stages were analyzed.Results The grades of lower extremity arteries stenosis in different Fontaine stages had statistically significant difference (x2 =186.24,P＜0.001).There had statistically significant difference of stenosis degree in different lower extremity arterial levels among different Fontaine stages (superior genicular artery:x2 =69.24,P＜0.001;inferior genicular artery:x2 =111.59,P＜0.001;dorsalis pedis and arteriae plantaris:x2 =94.15,P＜0.001).Grades of stenosis between superior genicular arteries and inferior genicular arteries,superior genicular arteries and dorsalis pedis and arteriae plantaris had statistically significant differences (Z=12.59,P＜0.001;Z=10.47,P＜0.001).There was statistically significant difference of stenosis grades between inferior genicular artery and dorsalis pedis and arteriae plantaris (Z=12.66,P＜0.001).Occluded inferior genicular arteries usually associated with collateral vessels.Conclusion CTA can reflect the clinical stages of LEAD,which is the ideal method in diagnosing of diabetic LEAD.

Objective To study the value of MSCT angiography(MSCTA)in diagnosing lower extremities arterial disease (LEAD) of diabetic foot ulcers and analyze the possible influential factors on the onset of diabetic foot ulcers.Methods 80 diabetic patients for MSCTA examination were divided into two groups by whether combined with foot ulcers.The tibial artery calcification score (TACS) and peripheral arterial occlusion index (PAOI) were calculated and the possible risk factors of diabetic foot ulcer were analyzed.Results There were 30 cases suffered with foot ulcer and 18 cases occurred lower extremity arterial occlusion (LEAO), the average PAOI was 4.40(3.60, 5.75).Non-foot ulcer cases were 50, and there were 8 cases suffered with LEAO, the average PAOI was 2.05(1.43, 3.10).Compared to patients without foot ulcer, patients with foot ulcer were older, had a lower BMI, and were more likely to have a history of tobacco use.They usually had higher TACS and severer peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD).Stepwise regression model showed that foot ulcers had significant correlation with TACS and PAOI.Partial correlation analysis showed TACS was independent from PAOI in impacting diabetic foot ulcer.Conclusion MSCTA has important clinical value in diagnosing and valuing diabetic foot ulcer LEAD.Age, smoking history,BMI,TACS and PAOI affect the incidence of diabetic foot ulcers, and TACS and PAOI are the independent risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers.

The existing processing methods, commercial specification and grades, and the marketing of Coptidis Rhizoma were systematical researched, referring to ancient, modern and contemporary medical literatures with the combination of our fieldwork on main origins of Coptidis Rhizoma and some herbs markets. Results showed that Coptidis Rhizoma processing methods mainly included sun-dried method and baked method anciently. For now, the processing methods become various, including thin paper-covering under the sun drying, direct drying, oven drying and microflame-fry drying. In the literatures, the main chemical constituent berberine was determined of its content to analyze the processing methods, finding that the sun drying and baked drying affect the berberine content, so the temperature must be controlled when drying. The thin paper-covering drying method is so cumbersome for large quantities of medicinal herbs and in wind conditions that it has been eliminated. Eventually, direct drying, oven drying and microflame-fry drying are chosen to the large-scale socialized production for their convenient and simple operation, making up the current main processing methods. Coptidis Rhizoma products have 3 specifications of Weilian, Yalian, Yunlian, of each specification there are 2 levels, but in fact the market of Weilian commodities overtakes the Yunlian, which only sold in parts of Yunnan, and the no-sale Yalian. The mainstream commercial Weilian are often sold in general way, gradeless and uniformly-priced. There are regional differences of the processing methods on Coptidis Rhizoma, which needs unified research and development of relevant standard operating procedures to ensure the quality of medicine, urgently. Coptidis Rhizoma product specifications and the intrinsic quality-grade correlation need to be further improved, which could provide a more reliable standard for quality at competitive prices, and it is recommended that "medicinal commercial specification and grade standard" content be increased into the Herbs part of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Rhizome ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of arecoline on hepatic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes rats and to elucidate its possible mechanism.

METHODSForty five Wistar rats were fed with high fructose diet for 12 weeks to induce type 2 diabetic rat model. rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8): control group, model group and model group were treated with different dose (0, 0.5, 1, 5 mg/kg) of arecoline. After 4 weeks, the fasting blood glucose, blood lipid and insulin level measured , mRNA expression of liver constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the protein expression of p-AKT and glucose transporter4 (GLUT4) were detected by Western blot.

RESULTS1.5 mg/kg arecoline could significantly decrease the level of fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, blood insulin level and liver G6Pase, PEPCK, IL-6, TNF-alpha mRNA level in type 2 diabetes rats. 1.5 mg/kg arecoline also could significantly increase CAR, PXR mRNA level and p-AKT and GLUT4 protein expression.

CONCLUSIONArecoline improved hepatic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes rats by increasing the mRNA levels of CAR and PXR leading to the creased glucose metabolism and inflammation related genes expression.

Animals ; Arecoline ; pharmacology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; metabolism ; Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; metabolism ; Glucose-6-Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP) ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; metabolism ; Receptors, Steroid ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Calcium-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies ; pathology ; Infant ; Microfilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; pathology ; Tendons ; pathology ; Toes ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Methicillin Resistance ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVEA method for determined oxygen permeability (Dk) of finished soft contact lens.

METHODSOxygen permeability(Dk) of 10 group finished soft contact lens was determined by polarographic method, and the values were linearly calibrated using the measured and established Dk values of the specified reference materials.

RESULTSOnly one Dk value fell outside of the requirement of GB 11417.3-2012 tolerance for Dk (± 20%).

CONCLUSIONIt is great practicability when determined the oxygen permeability (Dk) of finished soft contact lens by polarographic method which were linearly calibrated using the measured and established Dk values of the specified equal thickness reference materials without the measured lens customized 4 different thickness.

Calibration ; Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Permeability ; Polarography

Objective To explore the imaging features of liver tumors with real-time tissue elastography.Methods Eighty-five liver lesions in 67 cases were scanned with conventional ultrasonography and elastography using HI-Vision900 system and then assessed with grade scores.Results on ultrasound were compared with those on pathology.Results Majority of lesions with grade a-b on elastography were identified as benign on pathology, while most of masses with grade c-e on elastography were confirmed as malignant on pathology.The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 93.5%, 87.0% and 91.8% for elastography to detect malignant lesions,74.2% ,73.4% and 74.1% for conventional ultrasound.The Kappa value of two doctors on elastography in group Ⅰ (the depth of the lesion ≤10cm) was significantly higher than group Ⅱ (the depth of the lesion ＞10cm).Conclusions Real-time tissue elastography of liver tumors provides a new convenient,non-invasive diagnostic methods,contribute to identify the benign and malignant live tumors.

Objective: To assess the effect of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) on myocardial viabilityin patients with chronic total occlusion of left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Methods: A total of 101 consecutive patients with confirmed diagnosis of total LAD occlusion in our hospital were enrolled. Rest 99mTc-MIBISPECT myocardial perfusion and 18F-FDG PET were performed, in addition all patients received coronary angiography (CAG) at 3 months front and back. Both images were reconstructed in the same machine and QPS software was used to obtain the summed rest score (SRS), abnormal resting total perfusion defect (TPD), viable and non-viable myocardium, LVEDV, LVESV and LVEF in relevant patients. Based on CAG result, the patients were divided into 2 groups: CCC group, n=39 and No CCC group, n=62; according to existing old myocardial infarctionand location of LAD occlusion, the patients were further divided into 4 subgroups. The above parameters were compared among different groups. Results: There were 86 male and 15 female patients with the mean age at (59.92±11.43) years. Relevant parameters in CCC group and No CCC groupwere as in SRS: (21.23±9.68) vs (28.56±8.76), TPD: (30.03±13.69) %vs (40.37±12.50) %, viable myocardium: (21.77±13.12) % vs (13.66±9.23) %, non-viable myocardium (8.28±8.58) %vs (27.40±12.97) %, all P<0.05; in LVEDV: (109.82±30.01) ml vs (173.71±57.69) ml, LVESV: (62.82±22.39) ml vs (122.53±51.66) ml, LVEF: (43.85±8.46) % vs (31.03±8.30) %, all P<0.05. Conclusion: Our preliminary study found that CCC could maintain left ventricular rest perfusion, myocardial viability and protect cardiac function in patients with chronic total LAD occlusion.

0.05).Conclusion The result suggests that T1 locus genetic polymorphism is weakly associated with asthma.