A test was conducted to examine the effect of several electron donors such as glucose, sodium acetate, Fe0, Fe0+glucose and Fe0+sodium acetate on reductive dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) through inoculating the unacclimated anaerobic mixed bacteria. The optimum condition and sus-tainability of Fe0 as electron donor was also been discussed. The results showed that, Fe0+glucose enhanced the dechlorination of contaminant effectively compared to glucose. Sodium acetate, Fe0 and Fe0+sodium acetate were all effective electron donors and Fe0 was the optimum, the optimum initial pH was 8.0 and quantity of added Fe0 was 2.0 g/L. 4-CP was the mainly intermediate product for 2,4-DCP dechlorination. Fe0 could support the electron for reductive dechlorination of 2,4-DCP continuously. In contrast, when so-dium acetate as electron donor, the effect of dechlorination was inferior to Fe0 with the consumption of sodium acetate.

Diabetic SD rats were established by injection of streptozotocin,and were divided into normal blood sugar control group(NC),diabetic control group(DM),and the insulin treatment group(IDM).12 weeks later,the maximum rates of increasing and decreasing pressure in left ventricle were both decreased in DM group(P＜ 0.05),and those in IDM group were higher than those in DM group(P＜0.05).Regional myocardial blood flow in DM group was lower than that in NC group [(3.39 ± 0.48 vs 3.90 ± 0.45) ml · g-1 · min-1,P＜ 0.05],and that in IDM group was higher than that in DM group [(4.46 ± 0.52 vs 3.39 ± 0.48) ml · g-1 · min-1,P＜0.05].The capillary density ratio in DM group was lower than that of NC group [0.429 ± 0.091 vs 0.545 ± 0.082,P＜0.05],but that in IDM group was higher than DM group [0.494 ± 0.076 vs 0.429 ± 0.091,P＜0.05].VEGF and Ang-1 expression in DM group were the highest in 3 groups (P＜0.05).Insulin therapy may improve the angiogenesis and myocardial blood flow in diabetic rats with cardiomyopathy.

The dynamic changes of germination percentage, germination potential, thousand-seed weight, antioxidase activity in Desmodium styracifolium seeds with different storage time were tested, and electrical conductivity, contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, starch in seed leach liquor were also determined in order to reveal the mechanism of seed deterioration. The results as the following. (1) The germination percentage, germination potential and thousand-seed weight of D. styracifolium seeds declined, while the seed coat color darkened with the extension of storage time. (2) The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) decreased with the prolongation of storage period. The SOD activity declined fastest in 1,095-1,185 d of storage, while the POD activity declined significantly in 365-395 d of storage. (3) The electrical conductivity and the contents of soluble sugar, starch in seed leach liquor increased, while the content of soluble protein declined with the extension of storage time. (4) Correlation analysis indicated that the germination percentage, germination potential and thousand-seed weight of D. styracifolium seeds have a significantly positive correlation with SOD and POD activity, while have a significantly negative correlation with the electrical conductivity, contents of soluble sugar and starch. It can be concluded that during the storage of D. styracifolium seeds, physiological and biochemical changes including decrease in antioxidase activity, rise in electrical conductivity, degradation effluent of soluble sugar and starch, degradation of soluble protein were the main factors leading to the seed deterioration.
Color ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; enzymology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Germination ; Peroxidases ; metabolism ; Plant Proteins ; metabolism ; Seeds ; chemistry ; enzymology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Starch ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo study pharmacokinetic effect of Aikeqing Granule (AG) by different medication ways on zidovudine (AZT) in highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART) of rats.

METHODSTotally 36 rats were administered with corresponding medications by gastrogavage, group I [HAART: AZT 31.5 mg/kg +3TC 31.5 mg/kg + Efavirenz (EFV) 63.0 mg/kg], group II (HAART+AG525 mg/kg), group III (HAART and AG 525 mg/kg after a 2-h interval). Drug concentrations of AZT were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (HPLC-MS) before HAART, and at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 h after HAART, respectively. Pharmacokinetic parameters [such as t1/2, Tmax, Cmax, AUCo-t, plasma clearance rate (CL)] were calculated by DAS2.0 Software.

RESULTSThe-equation of linear regression of AZT was good, with the precision, coefficient of recovery, and stability definitely confirmed. AUC in group II and III was larger than that of group I. There was no statistical difference in t1/2, Tmax, Cmax, AUC0-12 h, or AUC0-∞ among groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAG combined HAART could enhance the Cmax of AZT.

Animals ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Benzoxazines ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Mass Spectrometry ; Rats ; Zidovudine ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Si-Wu-Tang on serum protein of blood deficient mice b y proteomicstechnique and study the enriching and regulating blood mechanism of Si-Wu-Tang on mocular level.

METHODThe blood deficient mice was induced by using a single dose of 3.5 Gy radiation from a 60Cogamma source, and high resolution two-dimensional polyacryamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE), computer-assisted image analysis, and mass spectrometry were used to detect regulated protein by Si-Wu-Tang.

RESULT12 lower and 4 higher protein in sera could be recovered by Si-Wu-Tang, 4 protein might be DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, Dystrophin, KIF13A, dystonin. They play a part in DNA double-stranded break repair, recombination and modulation of transcription, transportation of mannose-6-phosphate receptor, etc.

CONCLUSIONSi-Wu-Tang can regulate serum protein in blood deficient mice, resulting in improving hematopoiesis and lessening irradiated injury.

Animals ; Autoantigens ; blood ; Carrier Proteins ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Dystonin ; Dystrophin ; blood ; Female ; Kinesin ; blood ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Non-Fibrillar Collagens ; blood ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Radiation Injuries, Experimental ; blood ; Radiation-Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Whole-Body Irradiation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of physical and chemical factors on callus growth and phillyrin contents of F. suspensa.

METHODThe cell growth index and phyllirin yield in different culture condition such as different plant hormones mixed, mediums, light and dark were compared. HPLC was used to examine phillyrin contents.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONGrowth cycle of cells is twenty-eight days. During the course of callus growth, the processes of phillyrin biosynthesis were parallel with the cell growth. The optimum medium is MS. The optimum hormones concentrations are 1 mg.L-1 2,4-D, 0.5 mg.L-1 6-BA and 0.5 mg.L-1KT. The cell culture in light is more suitable than that in dark.

Culture Media ; Culture Techniques ; Forsythia ; chemistry ; cytology ; metabolism ; Glucosides ; biosynthesis ; Lighting ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; cytology ; metabolism

Objective To investigate nursing students' knowledge of the different stages of practice, nursing education and hospital occupational protection against blood-transmitted diseases, for the future of nursing students in vocational prevention education basis.Methods Survey methods were used in 2009 to 2010 in 15 upper-second in Yancheng city general hospital, 344 nursing students of occupational protection awareness was investigated.Results Nursing students were different in occupational protection. Undergraduate nursing students in career awareness and prevention are better than college, secondary school nursing students(F=6.74,54.37;P<0.01). Professional knowledge and awareness level of protection of nursing students in three grade hospitals and two grade hospitals was significantly different(t=2.46,8.85;P<0.05 of P<0.01).Conclusions The higher the level of education and hospitals, the longer the training, nursing students was stronger awareness of occupational protection. Occupational protection of nursing students were generally poor execution, it was needed to strengthen education and training of schools and teaching hospitals. During practice nursing students should be strengthened the execution of occupational protection.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)in treating renal calculi.Methods The data of 118 patients with renal calculi who had underg- one PCNL from July 2002 to August 2004 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 86 men and 32 women. The mean age was 39 years(range,7-68 years).Of the 118 cases,11 had pelvic calculi,16 had calyx cal- culi,35 had pelvocalyceal calculi,54 had staghorn calculi,and 2 had bilateral renal calculi.The mean stone size was 2.5 cm?1.5cm(ranged from 2.0 cm?1.0 cm to 4.5cm?4.0cm).Results Of the 118 ca- ses,112 underwent one-stage PCNL,and 6,two-stage PCNL.The procedure was performed by single tract in 114 cases,and by two tracts in 4 cases.Lithotomy was done by one session in 60 cases,by 2 sessions in 42 cases,and by 3 sessions in 16 cases.The total stone clearance rate was 81.4%.The mean operative time was 120 min,and mean hospital stay was 15 d.No blood transfusion was needed during operation,and only one patient experienced bleeding(about 500 ml)after 4 d postoperatively,and was cured by conservative treat- ment such as blood transfusion and anti-inflammation.No major complications were observed in other pa- tients.Conclusions PCNL has advantages of minimal trauma,less blood loss,fewer complications,and is safe and effective in treating renal calculi,especially for patients who will have the second procedure.

Human Zona Pellucida(ZP), which is a complex matrix surrounding oocytes,is comprised of three immunologically distinct glycoproteins(hZP1, hZP2 and hZP3). Because hZP3 possesses the sperm receptor activity and the acrosome-inducing activity, it has long been used as a candidate antigen to develop an immunocontraceptive vaccine. However, a large amount of native hZP3 protein is unavailable. It is an effective way to express hZP3 protein directly in vitro. Nevertheless, it had been reported that the rhZP3 protein produced in Pichia pastoris was not secreted but accumulated in the cells and could only be purified after being solubilized by strong denaturants. More unfortunately, after purification the final product required 6mol/L urea to maintain solubility. An improved project was advanced with the aim to express secreted and soluble rhZP3 protein in yeast. In this study, the fragment of hZP3 cDNA coding for aa 23 - 408, which the N-terminal leader was removed and most of the C-terminal transmembrane-like domain was reserved, was amplified by two PCR primers including EcoR I and Not I sites respectively and a His6 codon cassette was added to 5'-terminal. The hZP3 insert was incorporated into expression vector pPIC9K. The resulting recombinant yeast expression vector was designated pPIC9K-rhZP3. Linearized pPIC9K-rhZP3 was transformed into Pichia pastoris. After G418 selection, the recombinant Pichia pastoris strains were identified by PCR and the rhZP3 was expressed following the manufacturer' s protocol. Following induction with methanol, the rhZP3 protein was secreted and dissolved into the culture supernatant. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analyses showed that the apparent molecular weight of the expressed rhPZ3 proteins in yeast was smaller and a little size heterogeneity than native ones; after purified with Ni-chelating affinity chromatography, the final product's apparent molecular weight was about 32 - 34KD and their yield more than 20mg/L. We supposed that the C-terminal transmembrane-like domain be useful for secretion of rhZP3 into the culture supernatant and the expressed rhZP3 protein be incompletely digested by proteinases of Pichia into shorter fragments which all were glycosylated inhomogeneously. Fortunately, the fragments of rhZP3 protein can be recognized in Western blot by the polyclonal antibodies to porcine ZP3 which has showed a cross-reactivity with human ZP in vitro. It will be expected that the rhZP3 protein expressed in Pichia pastoris not only has immunogencity, say, it can rise antibodies in vivo to prevent spermatozoa-ovum binding, but also does not contain ovarian factors that might be the cause of undesired side effects, e.g. ovaritis and can be used as a safe immunogen in human antifertility vaccine research.
Blotting, Western ; Chromatography, Affinity ; Egg Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pichia ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins

OBJECTIVETo study the technological parameters of the purification process for effective part from Polygonum cuspidatum.

METHODUsing adsorption capacities and desorption rates of polydatin, resveratrol,emodin,physcion and total anthraquinone as the primary screening indexes, six resins were surveyed,and the optimized conditions of adsorption and desorption of the effective ingredients were studied.

RESULTResin D101 gave good separation performance and was selected to purify the effective part in Polygonum cuspidatum. The optimum parameters were established as the following: 1 BV (bed volume) sample extract was passed through the column with a flow rate of 2.4 BV x h(-1), 30 min later,the column was washed with 2 BV water, 2 BV 20% ethanol, 5 BV 50% ethanol, 2 BV 70% ethanol and 5 BV 95% ethanol, respectively. The combined 50% and 95% ethanolic elutes were concentrated to yield the purified effctive part.

CONCLUSIONThe purity of the total effective ingredients in the product was up to 36. 87%. Macroporous resin D101 could be well used in separating and purifying the effective part from Polygonum cuspidatum.

Adsorption ; Anthraquinones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Emodin ; analogs & derivatives ; isolation & purification ; Fallopia japonica ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry ; Stilbenes ; isolation & purification ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Temperature