Using the tissue culture technology to achieve the fast propagation of P.ternata and through the photosynthetic characters and yield comparison,two high-yield indivaduals were obtained. The result showed that the coefficent of propagation can get to 1∶6.23 per generation, through 3 month culture the average diameter of the in vitro tuber can get 0.88 cm. P.ternata was a typical shade-plant, of which LCP was only 700?mol?photons/s?m2. Photo-inhibition was observed among all the three leaf-types of P.ternata, and the willow leaf type showed the most obvious photo-inhibition. Both of the light response Pn curve and single tuber weight were significant different among leaf styles. Result for studying the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed that all the difference of NPQ, qP and qN among three leaf-types of P.ternata were significant and the difference of potential-photosynthetic productivity among them was significant. The willow leaf style had the strongest light-tolerance capacity.The individuals of T2(peach-leaf type) had the highest Pn and single tuber weight among 11 superior individuals and the individuals of L2(willow-leaf type) showed the strongest light-tolerance capacity. Through 6 month propagation ten thousands in virto tuber of T2 and L2 each were gotten. And after growing in Wenzhou experimental base for one year, the total gross weight of the high-yield individual tuber get to 100kg each.

Objective To study the biological exposure limit in bone metabolism damage caused by coexposure to fluorine and arsenic from coal burning in exposed population.Methods One hundred and ninety-eight cases of fluoride and arsenic co-exposed people from Liuchang village,Qinzhen city,Guizhou province were enrolled in the study.Urinary fluorine (UF),urinary arsenic (UAs),urinary hydroxyproline (UHYP),ross-linked Ntelopeptides of type Ⅰ collagen(UNTX) and bone strength index(STI) were detected.BMDS Version 2.1 software was used to calculate UF,UAs benchmark dose (BMD) and its lower confidence limit (BMDL) on the damage of bone metabolism caused by co-exposure to fluorine and arsenic from coal burning.Results The BMD and BMDL range of UF caused by co-exposure to fluorine and arsenic from coal burning were 0.68-1.35 mg/g Cr,0.57-1.11 mg/g Cr.The BMD and BMDL range of UAs caused by co-exposure to fluorine and arsenic from coal burning were 8.36-18.77 μg/g Cr,7.12-15.40 μg/g Cr.Conclusion The biological exposure limits of UF and UAs for bone metabolism toxicity are proposed as 0.57 mg/g Cr and 7.12 μg/g Cr in co-exposure to fluoride and arsenic from coal burning,respectively.

The authors tried to combine the theoretical learning with experimental and clinical teaching by adding teaching materials of public opinion,head-simulator,typical cases,clinical practice,examination of clinical operation skill,and make up with deficiency to some extend in current pattern of stomatology teaching. The results have showed that the pattern of experimental teaching not only raises the students'activity,consolidates their basic knowledge,develops their clinical thinking ability,but also increases their ability of clinical operational skill before clinical training.

Objective To evaluate the expression of Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF-8) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in placentas and their relationship with the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE).Methods Twenty-two women with PE (mild PE:4 cases; severe PE:18 cases) who received cesarean sections in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from September 2011 to March 2012 were recruited as the PE group (n =22).And twenty women who received elective term cesarean section without perinatal complications were chosen as the control group (n =20).Placentas were collected and immunohistochemical SP method were employed to detect the localization of KLF-8 protein.KLF-8 mRNA level was determined by quantitative real-time PCR technique and western blot analysis was used to quantify KLF-8 and MMP-9 protein levels.Results (1) There was no difference of KLF-8 protein distribution in placentas of the PE group and the control group.It was mainly located in the nuclear and cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblasts.KLF-8 immunostaining was apparently decreased in the placentas of preeclamptic women when compared with the control group.(2)The KLF-8 mRNA levels were significantly decreased in placentas of the PE group (0.69 ±0.08) compared to those of the control group (1.14 ±0.09,P ＜0.01).(3) KLF-8 and MMP-9 protein levels significantly decreased in the PE placentas (0.68 ±0.05 and 0.21 ± 0.03) when compared to the control group (0.94 ± 0.06 and 0.34 ± 0.03,respectively,P ＜ 0.01).(4) There was a positive correlation between the expression of KLF-8 and MMP-9 protein in the placentas from PE and normal pregnancies (r =0.64,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions KLF-8 mRNA and protein levels were decreased in placentas of PE patients compared to those of normotensive women.KLF-8 protein was primarily located in the invasion-related trophoblast cells and its expression had a positive correlation with MMP-9 levels.KLF-8 might have an important role in the pathogenesis of PE by regulation of trophoblast invasion.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Mice ; Nanoparticles ; toxicity ; Particle Size ; Titanium ; toxicity ; Toxicity Tests, Acute

The excipient processing is an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine processing, and understanding its scientific connotations is a critical scientific issue that urgently needs resolution. Building upon a foundation where the composition of traditional Chinese medicine substances is fundamentally clear, this paper applies the techniques and methods of chemoinformatics to the study of the excipient processing mechanism. Relevant information on traditional Chinese medicines processed with four kinds of excipients (wine, vinegar, salt and honey) was collected, including properties, taste, meridian tropism, chemical components, etc. Molecular descritors and skeletons corresponding to each chemical component were calculated using chemoinformatics to characterize the properties and structural features of the components. Characteristic components associated with the four excipients (wine, vinegar, salt and honey) were explored through multivariate statistical analysis and Murcko skeleton analysis. Further analysis, taking honey-processed Astragali Radix as an example, the focus was on the impact of the processing excipient honey on the solubility and permeability of its characteristic pharmacologically active components (isoflavones). It was discovered that the excipient honey can increase their solubility and permeability, emphasizing that the impact of processing excipients on the pharmacological classification properties is a key breakthrough in elucidating the mechanism of excipient processing. In summary, this study analyzed the characteristic components associated with the processing excipients "wine, vinegar, salt and honey" based on their composition characteristics, providing data support for the research on the mechanism of excipient processing from a biopharmaceutical perspective.

· AIM: To investigate the effect of β1-integrin overexpression on the apoptosis of rabbit corneal epithelial cells and the related mechanism. · METHODS: The plasmid expressing β1-integrin-GFP fusion protein was constructed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and this plasmid (β1 group) or the empty vector (mock group) was transfected into rabbit corneal epithelial cells, respectively. The expression of β1-integrin-GFP fusion gene was confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. The adhesion of transfected cells to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins was determined by adhesion assay. The apoptosis of rabbit corneal epithelial cells was assayed by Hoechst 33342 staining and DNA ladder. The phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase was examined by Western blot. · RESULTS: Rabbit corneal epithelial cells overexpressing β1 -integrin-GFP fusion gene were successfully established. Compared with mock group, β1-integrin transfection significantly promoted the adhesive of rabbit corneal epithelial cells to ECM proteins such as laminin, fibronectin, collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅳ. Β1-integrin overexpression inhibited apoptosis and induced MAP kinase phosphorylation in rabbit corneal epithelial cells (P<0.05).· CONCLUSION: These data suggest that overexpression of β1-integrin confers resistance to apoptosis in rabbit corneal epithelial cells, and MAP kinase pathway may play an important role in this process.

The market and literature were studied to understand the existing situation of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex goods, and the collected samples were analyzed, combined with the actual production, a new standard of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex commercial specification and grade was drafted. Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex goods was divided into two categories according to the source in the old standard. Then each category was divided into four kinds of specifications according to the site. Each kind of specification was divided into several grades according to the length and weight. To judge the quality of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex goods was mainly based on the appearance quality. In the new standard, the classification of commercial specification and grade is based on the thickness, magnolol and honokiol content. The goods of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex can be divided into three specifications: Tongpu, Genpu and Doupu. Tongpu is divided into three grades, the remaining two are not graded.
Magnolia ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry

Objective With various doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intra-amniotic injection in pregnant rats to establish histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA) model,and to determine the effects of HCA on fetal lung maturation and development in preterm fetal rats.Methods Thirty pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups.On 19 days of gestation,rats in three model groups (n=8) were given intra-amniotic injection of LPS 2,8,10 μg,respectively,and those in the only one control group (n=6)was given normal saline (NS) 40 μl.Fetal rats were taken out 48 hours after LPS injection.Placenta,fetal membrane,fetal lung and umbilical cord were collected for pathological examination.mRNAs of surfactant protein (SP)-A,B and C and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) in lung were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain preaction.KGF protein expression in lung was measured by immunohistochemistry.Morphologic observation of lung was performed on postnatal day 3.R× C table Chi-square test,KruskalWallis test and analysis of variance were used as statistical methods.Results (1) Fetal rat mortality in control,LPS2,LPS8 and LPS10 group was 0.0％ (0/55),22.5％ (18/80),51.4％ (36/70) and 87.5％(35/40),respectively,which increased with increasing dose of LPS (x2=46.183,P＜0.005).(2) HCA,fetal lung inflammation and umbilical vasculitis were induced in LPS groups,and the severity was dosedependent (fetal lung inflammation:Hc=39.84,HCA:Hc=41.13,umbilical vasculitis:Hc=41.52,all P＜0.01).(3) The expression of SP-A,SP-B,SP-C and KGF mRNAs in the four groups (control,LPS2,8,10) had statistical differences (SP-A mRNA:0.99±0.28,2.48±0.34,1.09±0.31 and 0.09±0.09,F=78.051; SP-B mRNA:0.99±0.34,2.23±0.53,1.49±0.51 and 0.14±0.06,F=28.327; SP-C mRNA:1.20±0.39,2.00±0.20,1.04±0.37 and 0.12±0.16,F=39.546; KGF mRNA:0.97±0.19,2.18±0.61,0.93±0.09 and 0.21±0.11,F=37.544; all P＜0.01).All mRNA expressions in LPS2 group were higher than those in the control group and those in LPS10 group was lower (all P＜0.05).(4) The expression of KGF protein in LPS2 group was significantly higher than that in other groups (0.60±0.20 vs 0.28±0.12,0.37±0.22,0.24±0.12,F=17.280,all P＜0.01).(5) Alveolarization was significantly inhibited in LPS8 group on postnatal day 3,and less maturity of pulmonary tissue was observed.Conclusions Various doses of LPS intra-amniotic injection in rats could induce HCA,fetal lung inflammation and umbilical vasculitis with different degrees.Histological inflammation would be worse with increasing LPS dosage.Moderate inflammation could promote lung maturation without inducing bronchopulmonary dysplasia,and KGF may play a role in this process.

Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine has conducted pharmaceutical botany extracurricular activities such as the experiment skill competition,fieldwork,specimen preparation,resources investigation,database construction,pharmaceutical plants cultivating and participating in scientific research projects etc.These activities have improved the students' learning enthusiasm,strengthened the effect of first classroom teaching,and have played a positive role especially in improving students' experimental skills and cultivating their innovative thinking and abilities,and improving teachers' quality.